500 A. D. 1770. 



pofe of building villages confiding of at leaft two lioufes upon each acre, 

 of the value of at lead £\o each houfe, which muft be kept in fufficient 

 tenantable repair. But no kafc is to be made at an under-rent in con- 

 fideration of a fum paid in hand. 



In order further to encourage the poffeflbrs of entailed eftates in Scot- 

 land to improve them by inclofing, planting, and draining, and to build 

 fuitable fum-houles and offices for the tenants, every fuch pofl'eflbr, on 

 complying with the prefcribed forms, is empowered during his life-time 

 to charge the eflate for fuch purpofes with a debt amounting to three 

 fourths of the money fo expended, but which fliall not exceed four years' 

 free and net rent ; which debt the iucceeding heir of entail fliall be li- 

 able to pay, with intereft computed from the time of his acceflion to the 

 eflate, to the executor of the preceding pofl'efl'or, unlefs fuch execu- 

 tor be himfelf the heir of entail, before he can make any improvements 

 himfelf with a view to conftitute a debt upon the next heir of entail. 

 In the fame manner the pofl~eflbr is enabled to build a manfion-houfe 

 for himfelf, and to throw three fourths of the expenfe upon his fucceC- 

 for, fo as the debt thus created do not exceed two years net rent of the 

 eftate. 



For the further improvement of fuch entailed eflates, the poflefTors are 

 empowered to exchange, vinder the authority of the fhirref or fl;ewart 

 of the fliire, any detached parcels of land, not exceeding 3? acres of 

 arable or 100 acres of hill or pafture, for equivalent parcels fituated 

 more conveniently for the improvement of the entailed eflate, fuch 

 newly-acquired pieces of land being fubjecl to all the reftridions of the 

 entail, as much as the refl; of the eflate. And laftly, all tallies (or entails) 

 of eflates in Scotland, made either before or after the year 1685, are 

 equally liable to the modifications of this a&. [10 Geo. HI, c. 51.] 



Whoever confiders the clofe connexion between improvements of 

 agriculture and the profperity of commerce, will not think the abridge- 

 ment of this law impertinent in a hiflory of commerce. 



An adl was made for regulating the coal-heavers on the River Thames, 

 and proteding them from the oppreflions of the coal-undertakers. [10 

 Geo III, c. c,^.^ 



The corporation of the city of Glafgow was empowered to improve 

 the navigation of the River Clyde, and to build a bridge over the river. 

 [10 Geo. Ill, c. 104.] 



Many canals in various parts of the country (the chief of which will 

 be noticed in due time), and alfo the improvement of feveral fmall har- 

 bours, were provided for in this feflion of parliament. 



The advocates for a fettleinent upon Falkland's illands, in their fan- 

 guine expectations of advantages to be derived from it, fa w not only the 

 facility of diflrelling the Spanifh fettlements in time of war, which (as 

 already obferved under the year 1766) was the objed Lord Anfon had 



