96 FKAGMENTS OF SCIENCE. 



I have thus far confined myself to the purely intel- 

 lectual side of this question. But man is not all in- 

 tellect. If he were so, science would, I believe, be his 

 proper nutriment. But he feels as well as thinks; he 

 is receptive of the sublime and beautiful as well as of 

 the true. Indeed, I believe that even the intellectual 

 action of a complete man is, consciously or uncon- 

 sciously, sustained by an undercurrent of the emotions. 

 It is vain to attempt to separate the moral and emo- 

 tional from the intellectual. Let a man but observe 

 himself, and he will, if I mistake not, find that in 

 nine cases out of ten, the emotions constitute the 

 motive force which pushes his intellect into action. 

 The reading of the works of two men, neither of them 

 imbued with the spirit of modern science neither of 

 them, indeed, friendly to that spirit has placed me 

 here to-day. These men are the English Carlyle and 

 the American Emerson. I must ever gratefully re- 

 member that through three long cold German winters 

 Carlyle placed me in my tub, even when ice was on its 

 surface, at five o'clock every morning not slavishly, 

 but cheerfully, meeting each day's studies with a reso- 

 lute will, determined whether victor or vanquished 

 not to shrink from difficulty. I never should have 

 gone through Analytical Geometry and the Calculus 

 had it not been for those men. I never should have 

 become a physical investigator, and hence without 

 them I should not have been here to-day. They told 

 me what I ought to do in a way that caused me to do it, 

 and all my consequent intellectual action is to be 

 traced to this purely moral source. To Carlyle and 

 Emerson I ought to add Fichte, the greatest represen- 

 tative of pure idealism. These three unscientific men 

 made me a practical scientific worker. They called 

 out 'Act!' I hearkened to the summons, taking the 



