KEY. J. MAKTINEAU AND BELFAST ADDKESS. 243 



power displayed in crystals and trees. This, however, 

 would not be the necessary result; for it would remain 

 to be proved that the soul assumed is not itself matter. 

 When a boy I learnt from Dr. Watts that the souls of 

 conscious brutes are mere matter. And the man who 

 would claim for matter the human soul itself, would 

 find himself in very orthodox company. ' All that is 

 created,' says Fauste, a famous French Bishop of the 

 fifth century, ' is matter. The soul occupies a place; 

 it is enclosed in a body; it quits the body at death, 

 and returns to it at the resurrection, as in the case of 

 Lazarus; the distinction between Hell and Heaven, 

 between eternal pleasures and eternal pains, proves 

 that, even after death, souls occupy a place and are 

 corporeal. God only is incorporeal/ Tertullian, 

 moreover, was quite a physicist in the definiteness of his 

 conceptions regarding the soul. l The materiality of 

 the soul/ he says, * is evident from the evangelists. A 

 human soul is there expressly pictured as suffering in 

 hell; it is placed in the middle of a flame, its tongue 

 feels a cruel agony, and it implores a drop of water at 

 the hands of a happier soul. Wanting materiality,' adds 

 Tertullian, ' all this would be without meaning.'* 



I have glanced at inorganic nature at the sea, and 

 the sun, and the vapour, and the snow-flake, and at 



* The foregoing extracts, \vhich M. Alglave recently brought 

 to light for the benefit of the Bishop of Orleans, are taken from 

 the sixth Lecture of the ' Cours d'Histoire Moderne' of that most 

 orthodox of statesmen, M. Guizot. ' I could multiply,' continues 

 M. Guizot, 'these citations to infinity, and they prove that in the 

 first centuries of our era the materiality of the soul was an opin- 

 ion not only permitted, but dominant.' Dr. Moriarty, and the 

 synod which he recently addressed, obviously forget their own 

 antecedents. Their boasted succession from the early Church 

 renders them the direct offspring of a 'materialism' more 'bru- 

 tal' than any ever enunciated by me. 



