XVI CONTENTS 



PAGE 



3. The Anatomy and Physiology of Fishes in General . 445 



4. General Account of Some of the Principal Groups of 



Fishes 452 



5. Deep Sea Fishes 472 



6. Fossil Fishes 474 



7. The Economic Importance of Fishes .... 474 



CHAPTER XVIII 



SUBPHYLUM VERTEBRATA : Class IV. Amphibia . . . 477 



1. The Frog ......... 477 



2. A Brief Classification of Living Amphibia . . .510 



3. Review of the Orders and Families of Living Amphibia . 512 



4. General Remarks on Amphibia 522 



CHAPTER XIX 



SUBPHYLUM VERTEBRATA : Class V. Reptilia .... 527 



1. The Turtle 527 



2. A Brief Classification of Living Reptilia . . . .534 



3. Review of the Orders and Families of Living Reptiles . 540 



4. The Poisonous Snakes of North America . . . 569 



5. The Economic Importance of Reptiles .... 570 



6. Prehistoric Reptiles 572 



CHAPTER XX 



SUBPHYLUM VERTEBRATA: Class VI. Aves . . . -575 



r. The Pigeon ........ -575 



2. A Brief Classification of Birds . ... 588 



3. A Review of the Orders and Families of Birds . 593 



4. A General Account of the Class Aves . . . 616 



a, Form and Function, 616; b, The Colors of Birds, 

 621 ; c, Bird Songs, 621 ; d, Bird Flight. 621 ; e, Bird 

 Migration, 622 ; f, The Nests, Eggs, and Young of 

 Birds, 624; g, The Economic Importance of Birds, 

 626 ; h, Domesticated Birds, 630. 



