2O6 



Commercial Gardening 



FUNGOID DISEASES OF FRUIT TREES (Cont.) 



Common and Scientific 

 Name of Disease. 



Parts Attacked and Outward 

 Appearance. 



Treatment, &c. 



Apple Ripe Rot or 

 Bitter Rot (Glceospo- 

 rium fnicliijenum). 



Apple Rust (Gymno- 

 sporangium davarice- 

 forme). 



Apple Scab or Black 

 Spot (Fiisidadium 

 dendriticum). 



Cherry Spot (Fusicla- 

 dium Cerasi). 



Coral Spot Disease 

 (Nectria cinnabar- 

 ina). 



Currant Leaf Blight 

 (Glceosporium ribis). 



Gooseberry "Die 

 Back" (Botrytis cine- 

 rea or Sderotinia 

 Fuckeliana)-. 



Gooseberry Mildew 

 (American) (Sphce- 

 rotheca Mors-Uvce). 



Gooseberry Mildew 

 (European) (Micro- 

 sphcera grossularice). 



Grtipe,False,or Downy 

 Mildew (Plaamopara, 



viticola). 



Grape Vine Anthrac- 

 nose or Bird's-eye 

 Rot ( Phoma [Sphace- 

 loma] ampelinum). 



Grape Vine Brown 

 Mildew (Sderotinia 

 Fuckdiana). 



Appears first as brown spots, 

 which soon bear pustules of a 

 white or pinkish colour, turn- 

 ing to black. Imparts a bitter 

 flavour to the fruit. 



Forms scurfy bunches or cluster 

 cups on the under surface of 

 leaves, with orange, yellow, or 

 crimson blotches on upper sur- 

 face. 



Attacks leaves, young shoots, and 

 fruits,first as dirty greenish spots, 

 then enlarging, and blackening, 

 and cracking surface, and de- 

 forming leaves and fruits. 



Stems, leaves, fruits. 



Fungus appears in conspicuous 

 bright coral-red warts on dead 

 or dying stems of Apples, Pears, 

 Red and Black Currants, and 

 numerous forest trees. 



Attacks stems and leaves in small 

 red-purple spots in summer, be- 

 coming irregular and grey with 

 dark -purple margins, and de- 

 stroys leaves. 



Attacks all parts of Gooseberries, 

 and kills them in a short time; 

 the leaves first of all turn yel- 

 low, then shrivel and die. Very 

 prevalent. 



Attacks young shoots and leaves 

 in early summer in form of white 

 mildew, and may spread to fruits. 

 In autumn and winter brown 

 felt-like patches with black dots 

 on shoots indicate the disease. 



Forms white powdery mildew on 

 leaves in early summer, but is 

 rarely harmful. 



Appears as white patches on the 

 under surface of leaves, and 

 sometimes on stems and fruits. 



Mycelium of fungus penetrates 

 leaves, green bark, and fruit, 

 and kills tissues. Small grey 

 spots at first, becoming sharply 

 defined with dark-brown edges, 

 resembling birds' eyes. 



Attacks leaves and fruits in brown 

 patches. 



Grapes, Pears, and Peaches also 

 attacked. The " rot " increases 

 rapidly amongst stored fruit. 

 Spray with hot Bordeaux mix- 

 ture or liver of sulphur early in 

 season, after young fruits have 

 set, and at intervals afterwards. 



This disease grows in one stage on 

 Junipers, and is transmitted to 

 Apple trees in another (Rcestelia) 

 stage. Destroy Junipers if neces- 

 sary, and spray early in season 

 withBordeaux orliver-of-sulphur 

 mixtures. Also attacks Quinces. 



Spray with hot Bordeaux or 

 liver-of-sulphur solutions before 

 flowersopen, andafteryoungfruit 

 has set. Burn badly diseased 

 fruits, and cultivate soil with hoe. 



Remedies as for Apple and Pear 

 Spot. 



All diseased shoots should be 

 burned to prevent spores attack- 

 ing healthy plants the following 

 year. 



Spray early in season with hot 

 Bordeaux or liver-of-sulphur 

 solutions at intervals. 



No remedy known beyond grub- 

 bing up and burning affected 

 plants. Cultivate soil well, and 

 dust heavily with powdered sul- 

 phur if fresh Gooseberries are to 

 be planted. 



Prevalent in parts of Kent and 

 other places. Spray with liver- 

 of-sulphur (1 Ib. to 32 gal. water) 

 recommended, but apparently 

 useless; burn prunings in winter. 



The best remedy is plenty of air 

 and light; otherwise spray with 

 hot Bordeaux mixture or liver 

 of sulphur. 



Remedies as for Grape Vine Pow- 

 dery Mildew below. 



Spray with hot Bordeaux or liver- 

 of-sulphur solutions when first 

 noticed, and at intervals if neces- 

 sary. In winter wash stems 

 with caustic solution. 



Remedies as for mildew below. 



