Fungoid Diseases 



207 



FUNGOID DISEASES OF FRUIT TREES (Cont.) 



Common and Scientific 

 Name of Disease. 



Parts Attacked and Outward 

 Appearance. 



Treatment, &c. 



Grape Vine Powdery 

 Mildew ( Uncinula 

 spiralis). 



Grape Vine, White 

 Rot (Coniothyrium 

 diplodidla). 



Melon " Nuile " (Sco- 



lecotrichum meloptho- 



rum). 

 Peach Black Spot 



(Cladosporium car- 



pophilum). 



Peach Brown Rot 



(Moniliafructigena) . 



Peach Leaf Curl (Exo- 

 ascuK deformans). 



Peach Mildew (Sphce- 

 rotheca pannosa). 



Pear Leaf Blight (En- 

 tomosporium macula- 

 turn). 



Pear Leaf Fungus 

 ( Gymnosporangium 

 clavaricfforme) . 



Pear Scab or Spot 

 (Fusicladium pyri- 

 num). 



Plum and Cherry 

 Black Knot (Plow- 

 riyhtia morbosa). 



Plum Leaf Blight (Cy- 

 lindrosporium Padi). 



The mycelium attacks the epider- 

 mal 'cells of leaves and young 

 fruits, and forms white spots, 

 which after a time become brown 

 withered spots. The leaves 

 wither, but the untouched parts 

 of fruits grow, and eventually 

 burst and shrivel. 



Sometimes attacks fruits, causing 

 them to brown and shrivel, and 

 later on assume a dull silvery 

 appearance with minute white 

 pimples the fruit of the fungus. 



Attacks fruits and destroys tissue. 



The mycelium runs over surface 

 of leaves and fruit, causing pale 

 spots, which become confluent, 

 and sometimes cause fruits to 

 crack. 



This is the same as the Apple, 

 Cherry, and Plum Rot. 



Leaves curl or pucker, and fall. 

 The mycelium rests in tissues of 

 leaves, flowers, and shoots, and 

 attacks leaves in early stages. 



The mycelium forms a thin white 

 coating on leaves and fruit, which 

 become moro or less deformed. 



Leaves, stems, and fruits. The 

 spores hibernate in depressions 

 in the bark, and pustules appear 

 on young leaves early in spring, 

 causing them to drop. Dark 

 spots appear on fruits, which 

 become hard, and corky and 

 cracked. 



Attacks leaves of Pears and Juni- 

 pers. 



Causes brownish spots on leaves 

 and fruits, also on bark of twigs. 



Causes crusty wart -like excres- 

 cences on twigs and branches, 

 which become deformed and 

 thickened into knots. 



The young leaves become spotted 

 and perforated by holes, caused 

 by the falling out of withered 

 spots. Young trees soon de- 

 foliated. 



Sulphur vaporized in the houses 

 is the best recognized remedy. 

 The mildew may also be killed 

 by applying forcibly fine sprays 

 of hot liver-of-sulphur solution 

 early in season. 



Best remedy is to remove and 

 burn diseased bunches of fruit, 

 and vaporize sulphur as for 

 ordinary Vine Mildew. 



Dust freely with powdered sul- 

 phur. 



Spray early in season with hot 

 Bordeaux or liver-of-sulphur 

 mixtures. Also attacks Plums 

 and Cherries. 



Remedies as for Apple Brown Rot. 



Spray with hot Bordeaux or liver- 

 of-sulphur mixtures, and collect 

 and burn as many diseased leaves 

 as possible, and also diseased 

 fruits. Strew powdered sulphur 

 over freshly turned soil. 



Spray with hot liver-of-sulphur 

 solution, or dust with sulphur ' 

 before fruits set. 



Wash stems with hot caustic soda 

 in winter, and spray with hot 

 Bordeaux or liver-of-sulphur 

 solutions as soon as leaves ap- 

 pear in spring. The Quince is 

 attacked by same disease. 



Remedies as for Pear Spot. 



Spray with hot Bordeaux or 

 liver-of-sulphur solutions before 

 flowers open, and after young 

 fruits have set. 



Wash well with hot caustic solu- 

 tions in winter, and with hot 

 Bordeaux mixture in spring 

 when young leaves appear. Cut 

 out and burn any knotted shoots. 

 Cherries are attacked with the 

 same disease. 



Remedy as for Pear Leaf Blight 

 above. 



