2IO 



Commercial Gardening 



FUNGOID DISEASES or VEGETABLES (Cont.) 



Common and Scientific 

 Name of Disease. 



Potato Black Scab 

 (Chrysophlictis endo- 

 biotica); also known 

 as "Wart Disease", 

 "Cauliflower Dis- 

 ease", and "Canker 

 Fungus ". 



Potato Disease ( Phyto- 

 phthora infevtans). 



Potato Leaf Curl (Ma- 

 crosporium Solani). 



Potato Scab (Oospora 

 Scabies). 



Potato Stem Rot (Ba- 

 cillus phytophthorus). 



Potato Winter Rot 

 (Nectria Solani). 



Spinach Anthracnose 

 Colletotrichum Spin- 

 aceai). 



Spinach Mildew (Per- 

 onospora effusa). 



Spinach White Smut 

 (Entyloma Ellisi). 



Tomato Bacterial Dis- 



Tomato Black Rot or 

 Black Stripe (Macro- 

 ftporium Solani). 



Tomato Sleepy Disease 

 (Fusarium ly coper - 

 sici). 



Parts Attacked and Outward 

 Appearance. 



Attacks tubers and stems, and 

 causes large irregular and mossy 

 outgrowths. 



Attacks leaves, shoots, and 

 tubers, causing them to become 

 discoloured, brown-spotted, and 

 rotten. 



Causes leaves to curl, and pre- 

 vents assimilation; forms irregu- 

 lar blackish velvety patches. 



Attacks young tubers, forming 

 rough scattered patches on sur- 

 face, gradually enlarging. 



The fungus causes the leaves to 

 flag and turn yellow, and then 

 to shrivel and die. The stems 

 are discoloured, and eventually 

 become black and rotten. 



Fungus appears in white tufts on 

 stored tubers, and changes to 

 pale pink later on to produce 

 more spores, reducing tubers to 

 a rotten evil-smelling mass. 



Appears at first as moist patches 

 on leaves, becoming minute 

 brown pustules, and eventually 

 grey dry areas. 



Causes a violet -grey mildew on 

 under surface of leaves, and 

 yellowish blotches on upper. 



Attacks leaves, and discolours 

 them. 



Attacks fruits when about size 

 of a marble, and black blotch 

 rapidly increases in size, eventu- 

 ally reducing fruit to blackish 

 mass. 



The fungus forms long blackish 

 stripes on the stems, irregularly 

 shaped blotches on the leaves, 

 and black blotches on the fruits. 



The fungus is internal, and when 

 plants are nearly full-grown 

 causes leaves to droop and 

 change colour. The basal por- 

 tion of stem becomes mildewed, 

 and dull orange patches appear 

 all over. 



Treatment, &c. 



All diseased plants and tubers 

 should be burned. See article 

 on "Potatoes", Vol. IV. 



Good culture is one of the best 

 remedies. See article on " Pota- 

 toes ", Vol. IV. Spray as a pre- 

 ventive with Bordeaux mixture 

 early in season. 



Remedies as above for Potato 

 Disease. 



Avoid "scabbed" seed and half- 

 rotted manure. Deep tillage is 

 the best remedy, and sulphur 

 should be freely dusted in 

 trenches if affection is feared. 



Diseased plants should be burned. 

 Deep cultivation and wide plant- 

 ing, north and south, should be 

 adopted. See article on "Pota- 

 toes ", Vol. IV. 



Storehouse should be well venti- 

 lated, dry, and cool. Tubers 

 should not be heaped up too 

 much, and should be well dried 

 before storing. A sprinkling 

 with powdered sulphur is useful 

 as a check. 



Dust plants and soil freely with 

 powdered sulphur, and cultivate 

 deeply. 



Avoid waterlogged or low damp 

 soils. Dress with slaked lime 

 and powdered sulphur if disease 

 appears, and cultivate deeply. 



Dress soil and plants with pow- 

 dered sulphur. 



No remedy for affected fruits be- 

 yond picking and burning. 



Best remedy is to take up and 

 burn diseased plants. 



Take up and burn diseased plants, 

 and freely dust soil with sulphur, 

 after pouring boiling water over 

 if possible. 



