Commercial Gardening 



that the little black progeny may have food close at hand in spring; 

 she is thus caught in the grease, and her maternal intention frustrated. 

 Spraying in the spring with a tonic spray is also recommended as part 

 of the armoury against this pest (tig. 342). [w. G. L.] 



The Brown-tail Moth (Euproctis ckrysorrhcea). Common now and 

 .again in Britain, then suddenly disappears. It is a satiny-white moth, 

 with a dusky spot on each hind wing about 1 to 1| in. across the wings. 

 The white abdomen in both sexes has a deep golden-brown tail, which in 

 the female forms a dense pad. 



The moths appear in August, lay their ova in a long mass on the leaves, 

 covered with the brown tail hairs. The ova hatch in autumn, and the 

 young larvae form a small tent of grey silk, in which they remain all the 

 winter, the tent being attached to a shoot or branch. In spring and summer 

 the tents are enlarged, and in July and August the caterpillars spread out 

 3,nd spin their cocoons amongst the foliage, &c. The caterpiHars are hairy, 

 brown, with two red spots on the backs of segments 11 and 12 (which can 

 be protruded), and a double red median line and white lateral spots. 



This pest is notifiable to the Board of Agriculture. It does much damage 

 in America, into which country it has been introduced. 



TREATMENT. Winter tents should be burnt. Spraying with arsenate of 

 lead will soon destroy the larvse. 



Lackey Moth (Clisiocampa neustria). Large tents of silk are frequently 

 seen on Apple and Pear trees, on Hawthorn hedges, &c., often 1 ft. in length. 



These are the houses of the Lackey 

 Moth caterpillars (fig. 343), which 

 now and then occur in such plenty 

 that they defoliate the trees over 

 large areas. The caterpillars hatch 

 in April from regular egg bands laid 

 in the previous year on that year's 

 growth of wood. When full grown 

 they reach 1| in. in length, and are 

 brilliantly coloured, having thin lines 

 of orange and white, and broader 

 lines of blue and brown, with tawny 

 hairs. They mainly feed under the 

 silken tents, but before they mature 

 they spread out over the trees, and 

 feed ravenously. Pupation takes place in a cocoon of pale silk with yellow 

 powder amongst it, either between leaves or on the branches or fences, &c., 

 near at hand. The rusty-brown moths hatch out in August, and vary from 

 .1 to 1 in. across the wings, their bodies being very hairy and thick. 



TREATMENT AND PREVENTION. All egg bands should be collected in 



winter and burnt. The nests may be cut off with long-handled shears 



and destroyed, and arsenate of lead spraying will kill the larvse when free. 



The Codlin Moth (Carpocapsa pomonella). The so-called Codlin 



Fig. 343. Lackey Moth (Clisiocampa neustria) 

 1, Eggs. 2, Catterpillar. 3, Moth. 



