Pip Fruits : Pears 



107 



Moth (Hybernia defoliaria), Codlin Moth (Carpocapsa pomonella), Fruit 

 Bark Beetle (Scolytus rugulosus), Apple-blossom Weevil (Anthonomus 

 pomorum), Red-legged Weevil (Otiorliynchus tenebricosus), Leaf Weevils 

 (Phyllobius sp.\ Social Pear Sawfly (Painphilus flaviventris), Apple Saw- 

 fly (Hoplocampa testudinea), Pear-leaf-curling Midge (Cecidomyia pyri) r 

 Woolly Aphis (Schizoneura lanigera), Apple Aphis (Aphis mali), Pear 

 Aphides (Aphis pyri and A. pyraria), Mussel Scale (Lepidosaphaes ulmi), 

 Pear Psylla (Psylla simulans), Pear Thrips (Euthrips pyri), Pear Oyster 

 Scale (Diaspis ostremformis). (See Vol. I, pp. 186, 187.) [F. v. T.] 



Pear Scab (Venturia pirina), The account given under "Apple Scab" 

 applies to Pear Scab, so far as the general appearance of the fungus and 

 preventive methods are concerned. When the fruit is scabbed, deep, 

 gaping cracks usually appear, whereas such cracks are not frequent on 

 Apples. The same disease attacks the Crab, Hawthorn, and cultivated 

 forms of Cotoneaster, from whence the disease may be conveyed to- 

 cultivated Apple and Pear trees. (See p. 84.) [G. M.] 



QUINCES 



The Quince (Cydonia vulgaris), although often met with as an orna- 

 mental tree, is little grown as a fruit crop, a few specimens being found 



here and there in the older market 

 gardens. The trees come into flower 

 at the end of April and early in May, 

 and are pale pink to whitish in colour 

 (fig. 360), being followed in autumn 

 by large highly -scented fruits of a 

 somewhat astringent flavour, valued 

 by some for making preserves, for 

 flavouring, &c. As a stock for Pears 

 the Quince is very valuable, and is 

 raised in large numbers for this pur- 

 pose from layers, cuttings, and seeds. 

 W^hen grown for its fruit the Quince 

 should be planted in a warm sandy 

 loam, about 15 ft. apart. Little prun- 

 ing will be necessary, and from 2 to 

 4 bus. of fruit may be regarded as a 

 fair average crop. The best kinds are 

 the Apj)le-shaped, with golden-yellow 

 fruits, roundish; the Pear-shaped, the 

 best known, with pear-shaped fruits 

 of a greenish yellow; and the Portugal Quince, with larger fruits than 

 the others, but not so free in cropping. The fruits should be allowed to 

 remain on the trees as long as possible into November and care should 

 be taken in gathering as they bruise easily. 



Fig. 360. Pear-shaped Quince in flower 



