Stone Fruits: Bullace 119 



Bullace. The Bullace is a form of the Wild Plum (Prunus insititia) 

 found in the hedgerows and copses of Britain. The fruit is larger than 

 that of a Damson or a Sloe, but is smaller than most plums or gages, and 

 is usually roundish in shape. For practical purposes the Bullace is treated 

 merely as a form of the Plum, and when grown at all is treated in the 

 same way. The best variety is probably the " White Bullace " (fig. 365), 

 with yellowish-white fruits mottled with red on the sunny side. It is a 

 very heavy cropper, and is generally in season at the _end of October 

 and early November. Other varieties are the " Black Bullace ", " Essex 

 Bullace", "Royal Bullace", and "New Large Bullace". [j. w.] 



Insect Pests. Winter Moth (Cheimatobia brumata), March Moth 

 (Anisopteryx cescularia), Yellow Leaf Hopper (Chlorita viridula), Plum- 

 fruit Sawfly (Hoplocampa fulvicornis), the Hop Damson Aphis (Phorodon 

 humidi, var. malaheb). 



The Aphis on Damsons may easily be controlled by spraying in February 

 with lime and salt, and later with soft soap and quassia. It leaves the 

 Damsons from the middle of May on to June and flies to the Hops, return- 

 ing to the Damsons in autumn. [F. v. T.] 



CHERRIES 



i. GENERAL 



The modern Cherry has been evolved from two more or less distinct 

 species of Wild Cherry, both natives of the British Islands, and also found 

 across Europe to the Himalayas. One species the Prunus Cerasus or 

 Cerasus vulgar is of botanists is the Wild or Dwarf Cherry. It grows 

 15 to 20 ft. high, has reddish bark, slender drooping branches, and dai'k 

 bluish-green serrated leaves, and clusters of pure-white flowers in May. 

 The Morello, Duke, and Kentish Cherries are considered to have arisen 

 from this. The variety " Bigarella" (or Cerasus duracina} is supposed to 

 be the ancestor of the Bigarreau or Bigarron, and Heart Cherries. This 

 distinction, however, is also claimed for the other wild species of Cherry 

 (Prunus or Cerasus Avium\ from which the " Geans " have also been 

 obtained. Following the late Dr. Hogg's classification in the Fruit 

 Manual, and quoting from the Editor's Practical Guide to Garden Plants, 

 Cherries may be grouped into four principal classes. 



1. Geans. These are round-headed trees with long, wavy, thin, and 

 flaccid leaves, and more or less heart-shaped fruits with a tender and 

 melting flesh. According to the colour of the flesh they are divided into 

 (1) Black Geans and (2) Red Geans. They grow best on the Cherry stock 

 as a rule. 



2. BigarreailS. These resemble the Geans in habit and foliage, but 

 have heart-shaped fruits, which are divided according to colour into (1) 

 Black Hearts, and (2) White or Red Hearts. They grow best on the 

 Cherry stock as a rule. 



