1 62 Commercial Gardening 



The Raspberry Moth (Lampronia rubiella). The caterpillars of this 

 moth sometimes do much harm in Raspberry plantations by destroying 

 the buds and tunnelling up the shoots. The moth is | in. long, with 

 wing expanse of | in.; front wings brown. The front wings have yellow 

 spots, of which two on the inner border are the largest; on the outer 

 border are three smaller spots and some still smaller ones at the base, 

 and at the apical border a row of four small yellow specks; hind wings 

 uniform brown; head yellow. The moth occurs from the end of May 

 to June and lays her eggs in the blossoms, and in five to seven days 

 the small larvae escape and tunnel into the cores of the berries. Here 

 they remain a short time, and then leave the fruitlets and spin small 

 flat cocoons of dull-grey silk, about T \y to T \r in. in diameter. These cocoons 

 are found either under the soil, the rind of the canes, or in the stake 

 crevices. Here the little larvae remain all the winter. In spring they 

 crawl out and enter the buds and destroy them. Later, they tunnel up 

 the shoots, which flag and die. The larvae in the buds and shoots are 

 at first pink, then red, and, when mature, reach \ in. long. The larvae 

 pupate where they have fed, the pupal stage lasting from nineteen to 

 twenty-eight days. 



Prevention. Destruction in winter of all old canes and stakes and 

 refuse on the soil. Smear the lower part of the canes in early March 

 with soft soap to catch the ascending larvae, and repeat this again in 

 two weeks' time. 



Other Raspberry Pests. The Garden Swift Moth (Hepialus lupu- 

 linus), the Dot Moth (Mamestra persicarice), the Black Anthonomus (An- 

 thonomus rubi), Rose Chafer (Cetonia aurata), Cock Chafer (Melolontha 

 vulgaris), Summer Chafer (Rhizotrogus solstitialis), Raspberry Emphytus 

 (Emphytus cinctus), Cane Gall Fly (Lasioptera rubi), Raspberry Aphides 

 (Siphonophora rubi and S. chelidonii). [F. v. T.] 



Crown Gall appears to be somewhat prevalent, and accounts for the 

 wilting of the foliage for no apparent reason. The galls are often pro- 

 duced on the branches of the root. Described under "Loganberry". 



3. OTHER " BERRY' FRUITS 



Loganberry. This hybrid between the Red Raspberry and the Black- 

 berry (named after the American Judge Logan) is now well known, but 

 it cannot be said that it has yet "caught on" with the market-garden 

 community to any great extent. As it grows vigorously in almost any 

 soil, and requires but very little attention, there is no reason why it 

 should not be planted in waste corners of the garden where there is at 

 least abundance of sunshine, for it loves the light. The white starry 

 flowers appear at the end of April and early in May, from eight to twelve 

 in a loose panicle on the shoots that spring from last season's growths 

 these often attaining a length of 12-16 ft. The plants resemble the Black- 



