Commercial Gardening 



or cream, a broad -leaved one called Hands worthiana, and a drooping 

 variegated form, as well as a variable Japanese variety called japonica. 

 With the exception of sujffruticosa, which is increased by division in 

 spring, all other kinds of Box are propagated by cuttings inserted in 

 sandy soil in cold frames. The Minorca Box (B. balearica), which is said 

 to attain a height of 80 ft. in the Mediterranean region, has oblong elliptic 

 leaves about 2 in. long, and is comparatively quick growing. It is raised 

 from cuttings and layers. 



Calycanthus. The Carolina Allspice (G. floridus), 6-8 ft., with dull- 

 purple flowers, sells on account of its camphor-like scent. Among its 

 varieties are asplenifolius, with cut leaves, bullatus, wrinkled, and varie- 

 gatus. C. occidentalis, the "Sweet-scented Shrub" of California, is known 



also as macrophyllus. It has large ovate heart- 

 shaped leaves and brick -red flowers. Other 

 species are glaucus (fertilis) and Icevigatus. The 

 slender branching shrub formerly known as C. 

 prcecox is now known as Chimonanthus fra- 

 grans, and, owing to the fact that it produces 

 its sweet-scented yellow flowers with a purple 

 centre from December till March, it is popularly 

 known as the " Winter Sweet" (fig. 416). The 

 variety grandiflorus has larger flowers. The 

 plant requires shelter from cold bleak winds. 



Carag-ana. The best-known species is the 

 Siberian Pea Tree (C. arborescens), which grows 

 up to 20 ft. high, having pinnate leaves, and 

 clusters of yellow pea-like flowers in April and 

 May. Other kinds not so largely grown for sale 

 are aurantiaca, 3-4 ft.; Chamlagu, frutescens, 

 jubata, microphylla or Altagana, pygmcea, and 

 spinosa. Caraganas are suitable for shrubberies or game coverts, and may 

 be raised from seeds or layers, but most kinds are grafted on stocks of 

 C. arborescens. 



Carpentaria calif ornica. A lovely North American shrub, 6-10 ft. 

 high, with broadly lance-shaped leaves, 2 to 3 in. long, and trusses of 

 pure-white Anemone-like flowers in June. It is a tender plant, and is 

 grown for sale in pots about 2s. Qd. to 3s. 6d. each. Fairly hardy in the 

 mildest parts. Raised chiefly by layers, but also from seeds. 



Carpinus Betulus (HORNBEAM). This British tree grows from 30-70 ft. 

 high, and is recognized by its doubly serrate ovate elliptic leaves, hairy 

 beneath. Plants from 1J-3 ft. high are sold for hedge purposes, chiefly 

 at the rate of 2s. to 3s. per 100. There are several varieties, including 

 aureo-variegata, leaves blotched yellow; incisa, leaves cut; quercifolia, 

 Oak-like, and variegata, variegated, blotched with white. The American 

 Hornbeam (americana or caroliniana) has ovate oblong pointed leaves 

 serrated doubly on the margin. Raised from seeds. 



Fig. 416. Chimonaiithus fragrans 



