24 Commercial Gardening 



Halesia. This includes several species of deciduous shrubs, the best 

 known being H. tetraptera, the Snowdrop Tree, so called from its drooping 

 clusters of pure-white snowdrop-like flowers in May. Sandy loam; layers 

 and cuttings of the roots in heat. 



Hamamelis virginica (WiTCH HAZEL). This hardy North American 

 shrub, with obovate leaves and clusters of twisted fringe-like yellow flowers, 

 is the best known. Other kinds are arborea, jo.ponica and its variety 

 Zuccariniana, and mollis all from Japan and China. All kinds flower 

 on the leafless branches between December and March. They grow in 

 ordinary soil, and are raised from layers. 



Hedera Helix (Ivy). There are many kinds of Ivy in cultivation, 

 and they are roughly divided into two groups (1) the Tree Ivies (arbo- 

 rescens), and (2) the Climbing Ivies. A great trade is done in both. 

 The Tree Ivies are raised by cuttings from the flowering branches of 

 the others, and are distinguished by having a shrubby or bushy habit, 

 and have the leaves not deeply divided. The silver and golden variegated 

 varieties are usually grafted on stocks of the Tree Ivies. 



The Climbing Ivies are valued for clothing walls, pillars, making 

 borders, or for planting on bare ground beneath large trees. They are 

 easily propagated by cuttings or by grafting. Some of the best variegated 

 climbing sorts are aurea densa, canariensis aurea, Cavendishi, Ccen- 

 woodiana aurea, Golden Cloud, dentata aurea, hibernica albo-marginata, 

 Jubilee, La Heine (silver and gold), maculata major and minor, Mrs. 

 Pollock, palmata aurea, spectabilis aurea. 



The fruits of Ivies are generally dull-green or neutral-tinted in colour, 

 but there are a few varieties in which they are yellowish, as in chryso- 

 carpa. 



Hedysarum multijugum. A Chinese Leguminous shrub, 3-5 ft. high, 

 with silky pinnate leaves and racemes of pale-red flowers. Increased by 

 seeds and cuttings. 



Helianthemum (SuN ROSE). A genus closely related to the Cistus, 

 and having several species of shrubby plants suitable for dry sunny places. 

 In most cases the flowers are yellow with a dark crimson or purple blotch 

 at the base of the petals. The best-known kind is vulgare, a trailing 

 British plant having single- and double-flowered varieties with shades of 

 yellow, rose, magenta, crimson, &c. The Portuguese H. formosum has 

 yellow flowers with purple blotches, and grows about 4 ft. high. 



Hibiscus syriacus (Althcea frutex). An ornamental deciduous Syrian 

 shrub, 6-8 ft. high, with lobed and toothed leaves, and Mallow-like purple 

 flowers in August and September, with a crimson spot at the base of 

 the petals. There are white, yellow, purple, rose, violet varieties, one 

 of the best being ccelestis. There are also double forms. Increased by 

 cuttings or layers. Warm sheltered spots are best. 



Hippophae rhamnoides (SEA BUCKTHORN). A fine deciduous British 

 shrub or small tree with somewhat spiny branches, narrow silvery leaves, 

 and masses of orange-coloured berries on the female plants during the 



