84 INJURIOUS INSECTS OF KANSAS. 



color, with velvety-black 

 back. The sides are 

 speckled with black, ex- 

 cept for two yellow 

 stripes. .Beneath, dusty 

 or smoky-brown. Cov- 

 ered with dusty-white to 

 reddish-brown, long, 

 straight hairs, in tufts 



rising from "warts."^ FAIL ^ Kly: (tA . 6|pupa; t , lldlllt . 

 The general color varies 

 somewhat ia some, black predominating, in others yellow. 



When ready to pupate (in September and October [Saunders]), 

 the larvic descend 'to the ground, and, burrowing into it a few 

 inches, change to chrysalids within delicate silken cocoons. They 

 pass the winter in the pupal stage, the moths emerging in May 

 and June. 



The Fall Web-worm is easily distinguishable from the Tent 

 Caterpillar, which it resembles in its web-making habits, by 

 the following contrasted points in the life-history of the two 

 species : 



"The Fall Web-worm hibernates in the pupal state; appears 

 mostly in the fall; its eggs are deposited on the leaf, and hatch 

 before the leaf falls; it feeds on the parenchyma (filling) of the 

 leaf under its web. The Tent Caterpillar hibernates in the egg 

 state, and the worm hatches in the spring ; the moth is reddish- 

 brown; its eggs are deposited around a twig, because they have 

 to pass the winter, and would get lost with the leaves if deposited 

 upon them ; it devours the whole leaf outside of its tent." 



Itcmedie*. The immediate betrayal of the presence of the 

 worms, by the conspicuous, unsightly webs, renders their destruc- 

 tion merely a matter of persistent work. The web-infested limbs 

 may be cut off and the worms burned or crushed ; or, if taking 

 off the limbs is objectionable, the worms may be crushed within 

 the webs with gloved hands. 



/vV/.n.f/x Note*. In Transactions Kansas State Horticultural So- 

 ciety for 1873, Mr. Brackett reports (p. 119): "Fall Web-worms 

 are becoming quite frequent and numerous. They feed on leaves 

 of apple, maple, willow, quince, and I have seen them on the wild 

 plum, the oak, and the Osage orange." In the Report of Kansas 



