102 INJURIOUS INSECTS OF KANSAS. 



slanting under. Great numbers of worms will collect in it, or bury 

 themselves in its bottom, and may easily be killed. 



Prof. F. H. Snow, in the Second Quarterly Report for 1883 

 ( December), State Board of Agriculture, recommends the follow- 

 ing remedial measures : 



There are four opportunities presented in the life of each brood for 

 the destruction of the species: The first is when the moths have just 

 emerged from the chrysalis at the surface of the ground, and are help- 

 lessly crawling to some suitable spot for the drying of their slowly- 

 expanding wings. They may easily be destroyed in this condition, and 

 may be found in the greatest numbers between sundown and dark. 

 The second opportunity is after the eggs have been deposited upon the 

 lower surface of the leaves. The egg clusters may be detected and re- 

 moved as already pointed out. The third opportunity is during the 

 first week or 10 days of the little caterpillars' lives, before they have 

 left the single leaf upon which the eggs were deposited. A wh^le col- 

 ony may be removed by detaching the leaf. The fourth opportunity is 

 when the caterpillars have reached their full growth, and are coming 

 down the trunks of the trees to enter the ground for pupation. By im- 

 proving these four opportunities for the destruction of the first brood, 

 the second brood will require but little time and effort for its extinc- 

 tion, since but few individuals of the first brood will have escaped to 

 become the parents of the second. 



Kansas Notes. Dr. Riley (Fifth Annual Report State Ento- 

 mologist of Missouri, for 1872) records (p. 137 et seq.) the pres- 

 ence of this maple pest in Kansas. A correspondent in Franklin 

 county (date, June 24, 1872) writes that he first observed the 

 worms in his vicinity in 1870. He says: 



. . . There were not a great many that year [1870], but last year 

 [1871] they came in increased numbers, so that many trees were eaten 

 bare, there not being a single leaf left. This year they are appearing 

 by the million on the trees in my yard, and in fact on all the soft 

 maples in this vicinity. 



Dr. Riley says : 



Anyone traveling through Kansas last fall [1872] must have been 

 struck with the absolutely naked appearance of the soft maples, which 

 are very extensively used, and highly prized for ornament and shade, 

 and may be found in every thrifty town. 



Mr. G. C. Brackett, in the Transactions State Horticultural 

 Society for 1873, refers to the Maple-worm as follows: 



Thousands of trees during the past summer, in my section, orna- 

 menting the roads, skirting our farms, adorning our door-yards, were 



