AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



83 



ANOPTERUS (from ano, upwards, and pteron, a 

 wing ; in reference to the seeds, which are winged at the 

 apex). OBD. Saxifrages. A very handsome greenhouse 

 evergreen shrub, having a free branching habit, large dark 

 shining green leaves, and long panicles of salver-shaped 

 flowers. It would probably prove quite hardy in the south 

 and west of England, and parts of Scotland, provided it had 

 a slight winter protection. It grows well in sandy loam 

 and peat. When grown in pots, it requires plenty of 

 room and water. Half -ripened cuttings root freely under 

 a bell glass in a cool house or frame in summer. 

 A. glandulosa (glandular).* A. white, rose tinted, large ; ra- 

 cemes erect, simple, terminal. April, May. I. alternate, rarely 

 nearly opposite, ovate-oblong, attenuated at both ends, nearly 

 sessile, leathery, toothed, h. 3ft. Van Diemen's Land, 1823. 

 ANSELLIA (named after Mr. Ansell, the botani- 

 cal collector who accompanied the ill-fated Niger Expe- 

 dition). OBD. OrchidecB. Strong growing, free flower- 

 ing stove epiphytal orchids. Best grown in large pots, 

 as they produce a quantity of roots. They require a 

 compost of turfy peat, with moderate drainage. An 

 ample supply of water during the growing season is needed ; 

 but care must be taken not to let any remain in the heart 

 of the plants, as they are very likely to rot. During the 

 season of rest, little or no water, but a damp atmosphere, 

 are the chief requirements. Propagated by divisions of 

 the bulbs just after flowering. 



A. africana (African).* fl., sepals and petals nearly 2in. long, 

 greenish yellow, spotted with brownish red ; lip small, yellow ; 

 spikes large, drooping, branched, each sometimes bearing nearly 

 a hundred blooms. Stems 3ft. to 4ft. high, with light evergreen 

 foliage. Fernando Po, 1844. Lasts two months in perfection. 

 A. a. gigantea (gigantic).* fl. on upright spikes from the top 

 of the pseudo-bulbs, but smaller, of a light yellow tint, with 

 very few narrow, transverse, brown bars, and a deep yellow lip, 

 without warts of any kind on its middle lobe, and with more or 

 less crenulated keels. Natal, 1847. The perfume is very peculiar. 

 Very rare. 



A. a. lutea (yellow). Not so strong a grower ; producing clusters 

 of light yellow flowers from the top of the pseudo-bulbs. Natal. 

 A. a. nilotica (Nile district).* As a garden plant this is much 

 superior to the type. The habit is dwarfer, the colours of the 

 flowers brighter and more distinctly defined. The sepals and 

 petals, too, are more spreading. Eastern Africa. 

 ANSERJNA. See Potentilla anserina. 

 ANTENNAE. Two movable, articulated organs at- 

 tached to the heads of insects and Crustacea, commonly 

 called " horns " or " feelers." They are variable in form 

 and length. Antennas seem to serve for touch, and, 

 perhaps, for smell and hearing. 



ANTENN ARI A (from antennas ; in reference to the 

 similarity which exists between the seed down of the plant 

 and the antennae, or feelers, of an insect). OBD. Composites. 

 Hardy herbaceous perennials, distinguished by the dry, 

 coloured, chaffy scales encircling each head of flowers, of 

 which the stamens and pistils are on different plants. 



FIG. 105. ANTENNABIA MABGAKITACEA, showing Habit and 

 Inflorescence. 



These are charming little alpine plants, admirably adapted 

 for rockwork, pots, edgings, or borders, in any light soil. 



Antennaria continued. 



Propagated by divisions of the roots in spring, and seeds ; 



the latter should be sown in spring in a cold frame. Grown 



chiefly for their leaves. 



A. dloioa (direcious).* fl.-heads pink, in crowded corymbs, 3in. to 

 4in. high. June. I. radical ones spathulate, woolly chiefly be- 

 neath ; upper ones lanceolate. Stems simple ; shoots procumbent. 

 Britain. The two or three varieties of this pretty species exceed 

 the type in beauty. SYN. Gnaphalium dioicum. 



A. d. hyperborea (northern). 1. woolly on both surfaces. 



A. d. minima, (smallest).* A very small growing variety. 



A. margaritacea (pearly).* fl.-heads white, corymbose. August. 

 I. linear-lanceolate, acute, alternate, cottony, especially beneath. 

 Stems branched above, h. 2ft Naturalised m England and 

 on the Continent. Said to have been introduced from America 

 about the sixteenth century. The prettier but much rarer 

 A. triplinervit, from Nepaul, comes close to this species. See 

 Fig. 105. 



A. tomentoaa (downy).* fl.-hads corymbose. Summer. One of 

 the dwarf est and best of silvery-leaved plants, either as an edging 

 for small beds or for covering the higher portions of rockwork ; 

 it is much used in carpet bedding. It scarcely grows more than 

 lin. high, and forms a dense carpet in a short space of tune. It 

 should be grown separate from other plants. It is frequently 

 known under the name of A. Candida. 



ANTERIOR. Placed in front, or outwards. 

 ANTHEMIS (from anihemon, a flower; referring to 

 their general floriferons character). Chamomile. OBD. 

 Composites. Receptacle convex, chaffy. Involucre hemi- 

 spherical or nearly flat ; scales imbricated, membranaceous at 

 the margin. Pappus none ; ray florets ligulate ; disk tubular. 

 This is a large genus, principally of medicinal value, and 

 contains very few species worth the cultivator's trouble. Of 

 easy culture in any ordinary soil. Propagated by divisions. 

 A. Alzoon (Aizoon).* fl.-heads resembling a white Daisy; florets 

 of the ray fourteen to eighteen, trifld, twice as long as the breadth 

 of the disk. Summer. I. lanceolate, or broadly so, acutely and 

 deeply serrated, narrowed towards the base, covered with white 

 down ; lower ones crowded ; stem-leaves rather acute, gradually 

 lessening in size. h. 2in. to 4in. Northern Greece. Free 

 grower, dwarf, and compact. 



A. Biebersteinil (Bieberstein's).* fl.-heads yellow. Summer. 

 I. pinnately divided into linear three-lobed segments, which 

 are covered with white silky pubescence, h. 1ft. to 2ft. Cau- 

 casus. 



A. nobilis (noble). Common Chamomile. fl.-heads solitary ; disk 

 yellow ; ray white ; scales of the receptacle membranous, 

 scarcely longer than the disk. I. bipinnate ; segments linear-subu- 

 late, a little downy. Stem procumbent, and much branched. 

 England. For culture, see Chamomile. 



A. tinctoria (dyer's). /.bright yellow. July and August. Z.bi-pin- 

 natifld, serrate, downy beneath. Stem angular. A. IJft England. 

 ANTHER. The male part of a flower containing the 

 pollen. 



ANTHERICLIS. A synonym of Tipularia. 

 ANTHERICUM (from anthos, a flower, and Jcerkos, a 

 hedge ; in reference to the tall flower stems). SYN. Phalan- 

 gium. OBD. Liliacece. A large genus, belonging to the 

 capsular group of the order, and inhabiting, for the most 

 part, the Cape of Good Hope. Flowers white, racemose or 

 panicled, scapose ; perianth segments either spreading from 

 near the base or campanulately united; stamens short, 

 with naked or bearded filaments. Leaves radical, filiform 

 or linear. The hardy varieties are now extensively grown, 

 and are among the most ornamental of border plants. They 

 thrive best in rich light soil, and are excellent subjects 

 for pot culture; for which purpose use a compost of 

 fibrous loam, leaf mould, or well-decayed manure, and 

 coarse sand. The pots should be about 12in. across, well 

 drained, and the plants potted just previous to, or so 

 soon as, growth commences. During activity, plenty of 

 water is needed, until the plants have finished flowering, 

 when the quantity may be lessened ; but never allow them 

 to get dry. Propagated by division of the roots or seeds, 

 sowing the latter, as early as possible after they are ripe, 

 in a cold frame. 



A. gramlnl folium (grass-leaved). A garden name of A. ramosum. 

 A. Hooker! (Hooker's). See Chrysobactron Hookeri. 

 A. Liliago (Liliago).* St. Bernard's Lily. fl. pure white, lin. to 

 lim. across ; perianth segments spreading ; style curved. May 



