108 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Arbutus continued. 



A. andrachnoides (Andrachne-like). A synonym of A. hybrida. 



A. canariensis (Canary), fl. greenish-white ; panicles erect, 

 hispid. May. /. oblong-lanceolate, serrated, glaucous beneath. 

 A. 8ft. to 10ft. Canary Islands, 1796. Greenhouse. 



A. densiflora (thickly-flowered).* fl. white; corolla oval; pedicels 

 furnished with three bracteas at the base ; panicle terminal, com- 

 posed of closely packed racemes. I. 4in.to 5in. long, on long petioles, 

 oblong, acute, sharply toothed, coriaceous, glabrous above and 

 shining, but downy beneath, the middle nerve with rusty villi ; 

 branches angular, hairy. A. 20ft. Mexico, 1826. Greenhouse. 



A. hybrida (hybrid).* fl. white; panicle terminal, pendulous, 

 downy. September to December. I. oblong, acute, serrated, 

 glabrous ; branches pilose. A. 10ft. to Oft. A half-hardy garden 

 hybrid ; it originated about 1800. SYN. A. andrachnoides. 



A. Menzlesl (Menzies').* fl. white ; racemes axillary and ter- 

 minal, panicled, dense-flowered. September. I. broad-oval, 

 quite entire, glabrous, on long petioles. A. 6ft. to 10ft. North- 

 west America, 1827. A noble hardy tree. A. launjolia comes 

 close to this species. SYN. A. procera. 



A. mollis (soft), fl. rosy, drooping ; panicle terminal, crowded, 

 racemose. June. I. oblong-acute, sharply toothed, coriaceous, 

 clothed with soft pubescence above, and white tomentum beneath. 

 A. 6ft. Mexico. Greenhouse shrub. 



A. mucronata (mncronate). A synonym of Pernettya mucronata, 



A. pilosa (pilose). A synonym of Pernettya pilota. 



A. procera (tall).* A synonym of A. Uenziesi. 



A. serratifolia (saw-edge-leaved). A synonym of A. Andrachne 

 acrratijolia. 



A. Unedo (Unedo).* The Strawberry Tree. fl. white, deep red i 

 in some of the varieties, nodding, in terminal racemose, bracteate 

 panicles. September, fr. large, scarlet, nearly globose, granular, 

 edible. I. oblong-lanceolate, glabrous, serrulated; branchlets 

 clothed with glandular hairs. A. 8ft. to 10ft. West of Ireland, 

 and South Kurope. There are several varieties of this plant in 

 cultivation. It is one of the greatest ornaments in the months of 

 October and November the season when it is in flower, and 

 when, also, the fruit of the former year is ripe. 



A. Xalapensls (Xalapan). /. reddish white ; corolla ovate ; 

 panicle terminal, composed of many racemes. April. I. petiolate, 

 oblong, acute, quite entire, about 2in. long, glabrous above, but 

 clothed with brownish tomentum beneath ; epidermis separating, 

 brownish purple. Young branches glabrous, but beset with 

 ramentie. A. 6ft. to 9ft. Mexico. Greenhouse species. 

 ARCHEGONIUM. The female organ in ferns, &c., 



analogous with the ovary in flowering plants. 

 ARCTOSTAFHYLOS (from arktos, a bear, and 



staphyle, a grape ; bears eat the fruit of some species). 



ORD. Ericaceae. Handsome hardy or half-hardy shrubs or 



sub-shrubs, agreeing in generic characters with Arbutus, 



except that the fruit is five-celled and the cells one-seeded, 



and not granular on the outside. For culture, &c., see 



Arbutus. 



A. alpina (alpine).* Black Bearberry. ft. white or flesh-coloured, | 

 in terminal, reflexed racemes ; pedicels rather hairy. April. I. 

 obovate, acute, wrinkled, serrated, deciduous. Stems procum- 

 bent, trailing. Scotland (but rare), &c. SYN. Arbutus alpina. 



A. nltlda (shining).* /. white ; racemes terminal. May. I. oblong- 

 lanceolate, acute, smooth on both sides and shining above. A. 

 4ft. Mexico, 1839. An erect half-hardy evergreen. 



A. pungens (stinging).* /. white ; pedicels close ; racemes short, 

 at first terminal, but at length lateral. February. I. ovate- 

 oblong, acute, mucronate, rather pungent, quite entire, coriaceous, 

 clothed with fine down on both surfaces ; branchlets angular, 

 downy. A. 1ft. Mexico, 1839. A dwarf, much branched, half- 

 hardy evergreen shrub. 



A. tomentosa (tomentose).* /. pure white, campanulately urceolate, 

 bracteate ; peduncles axillary, shorter than the leaves, somewhat 

 capitately racemose. December. I. oval, acute, sub-cordate at 

 the base, clothed with white tomentum beneath, on short petioles ; 

 branches hispid. A. 4ft. North-west America, 1826. Shrubby 

 species ; hardy. 



A. Uva-ursi.* Bearberry. /. flesh-coloured, with a red mouth, 

 growing in small clusters at the extremities of the branches. 

 April. J. obovate, quite entire, coriaceous, shining. Highland! 

 of Scotland and Wales. A hardy evergreen procumbent trailer. 

 SYN. Arbutus Uva-ursi. 



ARCTOTHECA (from arktos, u bear, and theke. a 

 capsule ; so named from the roughness of the fruit). ORD. 

 Composite. Greenhouse herbaceous perennial, allied to 

 Arctotis. Heads radiate ; involucral scales imbricate in 

 many rows, the outer linear, herbaceous, inner larger, 

 scariose, very obtuse ; receptacle honeycombed, bearing 

 many little fringes; achenes ovate, somewhat four-sided, 

 without wings or pappus. It thrives in a compost of peat, 

 leaf soil, and loam. Propagated by divisions of the plant, 



JIIMII; 

 Cape 



Arctotheca continued. 



or cuttings, in spring. Several species formerly classed 

 in this genus are now included under Arctotis. 

 A. repens (creeping). fl.-Jteadu yellow. July. I. petioled, lyrate- 

 innatifid, green and mostly smooth above, white-woolly beneath, 

 of Good Hope, 1793. A stemless, creeping or decumbent 

 aero. 



ARCTOTIS (from arktos, a bear, and ous, an ear ; 

 in reference to the shaggy fruit). ORD. Composite. 

 Mostly half-hardy herbaceous perennials. Involucral bracts 

 numerous, imbricated, scariose on the margin; receptacle 

 pitted, studded with bristles between the florets ; achenes 

 grooved, crowned with a pappus of membranous scales. 

 The species of this genus are of easy culture in a compost 

 of loam and leaf soil. Propagated by cuttings at any 

 time of the year; these should be pricked in pots of very 

 sandy soil, and placed in gentle warmth ; they must be 

 kept uncovered and moderately dry, or they will rot. The 

 Arctotis are very handsome plants in sunny, dry positions 

 outside during the summer months, but they must be pro- 

 tected during winter. 



A. acaulis (stemless).* fl.-heads yellow and red. Summer. { 

 hoary on each side, ternate, lyrate. Stem very short, decumbent 

 A. 4in. Cape of Good Hope, 1759. Very rarely met with. 

 A. arborcscens (tree-like).* fl.-heads, ray-florets white above, 

 pink beneath ; disk-florets yellow ; disposed in large circular Daisy- 

 like heads. Summer. I. linear-oblong, pinnate ; upper ones 

 amplexicaul ; lower ones stalked. A. 2ft. Cape of Good Hope, 



A. argentea (silvery), fl.-heads orange. August. I. lanceolate- 

 linear, entire, downy. A. 1ft. Cape of Good Hope, 1774. 



A. aureola (golden). Synonymous with A. grandiflora. 



A. breviscapa (short-stalked). Synonymous with A. speciosa. 



A. grandiflora (large-flowered).* fl. -heads orange ; outer scales of 

 involucre retiexed, cuneate, oblong, with a broad short point, 

 somewhat cobwebbed. July. I. pinnatifid, serrulate, three- 

 nerved. A. lift. Cape of Good Hope, 1710. SYNS. A. aureola 

 and A. undulata. 



A. rep tans (creeping), fl.-heads white, orange. July. I. hairy 

 beneath ; lower lyrate toothed ; upper lanceolate toothed. Stem 

 ascending. A. 8in. Cape of Good Hope, 1795. 



A. rosea (rosy), fl.-heads pink. Autumn. I. spathulate-lanceo- 

 late, repand-toothed, hoary. Stem procumbent. Cape of Good 

 Hope, 1793. 



A. speciosa (showy).* fl.-heads yellow ; outer scales of involucre 

 linear recurved. July. I. lyrate, pinnatifid, hoary beneath, three- 

 nerved. Plant stemless. A. lift. Cape of Good Hope, 1812. 

 Closely allied to A. acaulis. SYN. A. breviscapa. 



A, undulata (wavy). Synonymous with A. grandijlora. 



ARCUATE, ARCUATED. Curved or bent like a 

 bow; forming an arch. 



ARDISIA (from ardis, a point ; in reference to the 

 acute, spear-pointed anthers). SYN. Pyrgus. ORD. 

 Myrsineoe. An extensive genus of greenhouse or stove, 

 mostly ornamental, evergreen trees and shrubs. Flowers 

 white or rose-coloured, more or less panicled; panicles 

 sometimes many-flowered at the extremities of the 

 branches, and longer than the leaves, sometimes few- 

 flowered and in the axils of the leaves. Leaves alternate, 

 rarely almost opposite, or three in a whorl, dotted. Pro- 

 pagated by cuttings of the half -ripened wood taken from the 

 side shoots of the plant any time from March to September ; 

 but, as the points of these side shoots bear the blossoms 

 and fruit, they are not well adapted for making good plants. 

 To obtain the best plants, the largest, ripest, and best- 

 coloured berries should be sown early in spring, as soon as 

 gathered, in a wide-mouthed pot or seed pan, well drained 

 and filled with loam and peat in equal parts, with the 

 addition of some sand, and plunged in bottom heat, the 

 soil being kept moderately moist. The seeds will germi- 

 nate in a few weeks after sowing, and when about 2in. high, 

 the strongest seedlings should be selected and placed in 

 3in. pots, the same mixture of soil being used, with the ad- 

 dition of a fourth part well decomposed manure. After 

 potting, the plants must be moistened overhead twice a 

 day with a fine rose or syringe, and be kept in a close 

 atmosphere until the roots have taken to the fresh soil. 



