112 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Arlssoma continued. 

 leaflets ; central one 6in. long, the others shorter, h. 2ft. Hit 



layas, 1879. 

 A. prsecox (early). 



A synonym of A. ringens. 



ens (gaping).* /., spathe striped green and white, erect 

 indrical below, then arching suddenly over, and again con- 

 le orifice, with_ broad, 



and cyl 



tracting into a rather small deep purple o, _ 



reflexed margins ; spadix erect, pale yellow-green. Spring. I., 

 leaflets three, ovate-oblong, acuminate, and produced into a mi- 

 short. Japan. Hardy. SYNS. A. praxox 



form point; peduncle 

 and A. Sieboldi. 



A, Sieboldi (Siebold's). A. synonym of A. ringens. 



A. speciosa (showy ). A., spadix deep glossy purple, greenish 

 and white, with a long flexuous prolongation, sometimes nearly 

 20in. in length ; spathe also terminating with a filiform elongation. 

 March. I. solitary, trifoliolate ; leaflets petioled, dark green, con- 

 spicuously edged with blood red ; petioles long, mottled with 

 white, h. 2ft. Temperate Himalayas, 1872. 





FIG. 148. ARISA:MA TKIFHYLLA. 



A. triphylla (three-leaved).* JL, spathe 4in. to 6in. long, striped 

 with broad lines of purplish-brown, with about lin. of green in the 

 middle ; spadix 3in. long, spotted with brown. June and July. 

 I. on long, stout petioles, trifoliolate ; leaflets entire, equal, acumi- 

 nated. h. 9in. to 1ft. North America, 1664. This is quite hardy 

 SYNS. A. zebrina and Arum triphyllum. See Fig. 148. 

 A. zebrina (zebra). A synonym of A. triphylla. 



ARJSARUM (name of Greek origin). OBD. Aroideas 

 (Aracew). A small genus of half-hardy, herbaceous plants, 

 possessing but little horticultural interest, and allied to 

 Arisaima. Flowers unisexual, spadix having no rudimentary 

 flowers. Leaves on long stalks, heart-shaped or spear- 

 shaped. The only species in cultivation thrives in a sand, 

 loam, and peat compost. Propagated by seeds or divi- 

 sions of the root in spring. 



A Sou^Euro ( eT5% n) ' ^'* spathe livid P^P 16 - Mav - h - lf t- 



ABJSTATE. Having a beard or awn, as the glumes 

 Of barley. 



AR.ISTE A (from arista, a point or beard ; in reference 

 to the rigid points of the leaves). OBD. Iridece. A 

 genus of greenhouse herbaceous perennials from the Capo 

 of Good Hope. Flowers blue ; perianth rotate, six-parted, 

 twisted after flowering ; scape two-edged, rigid, often 

 branched. Leaves narrow, sword-shaped. The species are 

 more interesting than ornamental, and may be grown in a 

 compost of three parts turfy peat, and one of loam. Easily 

 propagated by divisions and seeds. They vary in height 

 from Sin. to 3ft., and flower generally in summer. 

 A. capitata (headed). fl. blue. July. h. 3ft. Cape of Good 



Hope, 1790. 

 A. cyanea (bright blue), ft. blue. June. h. 6in. Cup* of Good 



ARISTOIiOCHIA (from aristos, best, and locheia, 

 parturition; in reference to its supposed medicinal cha- 

 racter). Birthwort. ORD. Aristolochiacece. A very large 

 genus of stove, greenhouse, or hardy, evergreen or deci- 

 duous, climbing or erect shrubs. Flowers axillary, clus- 

 tered, or solitary, pendulous, of most extraordinary forms ; 

 perianth tubular, curved, or straight, with an oblique, 

 cordate limb ; stamens six, rarely four, or numerous, ad- 

 hering to the stigma ; capsule six-valved. Leaves cordate 

 entire or lobed. Good loam, with a small proportion of 

 decayed manure and a slight addition of sharp sand to 

 secure efficient drainage, is a good compost for the whole. 

 They will thrive when planted out in the conservatory 

 more satisfactorily than elsewhere; for as they usually 

 grow a considerable height before flowering, they require 

 very long trellises in pots, and have to be trained up and 

 down; or, better still, round a pillar of uniform cir- 

 cumference, a pyramid form being useless. The best way 

 is to train them round, close down to the pot, and keep 

 on about 2in. from one turn to the next. Some of the 

 larger sorts will require more room. Cuttings root freely 

 in sand under a boll glass with bottom heat. 



A. anguicida (snake-killing), fl. white, spotted brown ; tube of 

 perianth inflated at base, dilated and oblique at the mouth ; 

 peduncles axillary, solitary, one-flowered. December. I. on short 

 petioles, cordate acuminate ; stipules cordate-roundish. A. 10ft. 

 New Grenada, 1845. An evergreen stove twiner. 



A. barbata (bearded). /. purple, axillary, 2in. long ; perianth 

 straight ; liinb spreading ; lip spathulate, bearded at the end. 

 July. I. coidate, oblong. A. 10ft. Caraccas, 1796. Stove evergreen. 



A. caudata (tailed).* /. lurid ; perianth cylindrical ventricose, 

 and six-spurred at the base ; lip cordate, cuspidate ; the cusp 

 twisted, filiform. June. 1., lower ones reniform, lobed; upper 

 ones three partite, h. 5ft. Brazil, 1828. Deciduous stove twiner. 



A. ciliosa (fringed).* fl. purple-yellow ; tube of perianth obliquely 

 ventricose at base, stretched out, from the middle to the apex 

 cylindrical, fringed ; peduncles one-flowered. September. I. cordate 

 reniform. Plant glabrous, h. 6ft. Brazil, 1829. 



A. Clematitls (Clematis-like), fl. pale yellow, upright ; lip oblon<r, 

 shortly acuminate. July. I. cordate. Stem erect, h. 2ft. A 

 hardy herbaceous perennial, naturalised here and there in Britain. 



A. olypeata (shielded). Jl. axillary ; tube yellowish, cylindrical ; 

 limb elliptic, white, blotched with purple, long and large, funnel- 

 shaped. 1. subcordate-ovate, acuminate. Columbia, 1871. 



A. cordiflora (cordate-flowered). Jl. axillary, very large, with 

 broad cordiform limb, creamy yellow, with blotchy purple veining. 

 May. I. cordate acuminate. A. 30ft. Mexico, 1860. 



A. deltoidea varlegata (deltoid variegated variety). I. varie. 

 gated with white, h. 6ft. Columbia, 1870. 



A. Duchartrei (Duchartre's).* fl. racemose ; tube brown ; limb 

 cream colour, with purple blotches. January. I. reniform-cordate, 

 acuminate. Upper Amazons, 1868. h. 5ft. This stove species 

 flowers from the old wood. SYN. A. Ruiziana. 



A. floribunda (free-flowering).* fl. numerous ; limb purplish-red, 

 with yellow veins, centre yellow. July. I. cordate ovate, acu- 

 minate, h. 10ft. Brazil, 1868. Stove species. 



A. galcata (helmeted). fl. creamy, with reticulated veins. August. 

 I. cordate, with broad open sinus, h. 20ft. New Grenada, 1873. 



A. glgas (giant), fl. purple ; perianth large, cordate ribbed out- 

 side, reticulated, downy ; tube inflated, contracted in the middle ; 

 limb large, cordate ovate, with a long tail. June. I. downy, cor- 

 date, acuminate ; peduncles solitary, bracteate. h. 10ft. Guate- 

 mala, 1841. 



A. Goldieana (Goldie's).* fl. greenish outside, deep yellow with 

 chocolate veins ins_ide, bent into two unequal portions, the lower 

 portion surmounting the ovary about Sin. in length, somewhat 

 cylindrical, terminating in a club-shaped curved knob ; the upper 

 portion, commencing from this knob, is about a foot long, funnel- 

 shaped, ribbed, dilated above into a somewhat three-lobed limb. 

 Stamens twenty-four a very unusual number in the whole family. 

 The enormous flowers are 26in. long by llin. in diameter. July. I. 

 ovate, or triangular-cordate, acuminated. Old Calabar River, 1867. 

 This noble climber should be repotted in fresh soil in February or 

 March. But little water will be necessary until the young shoots 

 have made about 6in. of growth ; the quantity should then be 

 increased with moderation until early in September, when the 

 old stem dies down within a few inches of the surface of the 

 pot at this period, and during winter, water must be entirely 

 withheld. This species blooms freely in a temperature of 65deg. 

 to 70deg. 



A. indica (Indian). Jl. purple; perianth erect; peduncle many- 

 flowered. July. I. elliptical, blunt, somewhat emarginate, 

 slightly cordate, h. 10ft. India, 1780. Stove evergreen. 



A. labiosa (great-lipped).* fl. greenish ; perianth incurved at base, 

 saccate, two-lipped in the middle. July. I. reniform, roundish 

 cordate, amplexicaul. h. 20ft. Brazil, 1821. Stove evergreen. 



