AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



115 



ARTABOTRYS (from artao, to suspend or support, 

 and botrys, grapes ; in reference to the way the fruit is sup- 

 ported by the curious tendril). OBD. AnonacecB. A hand- 

 some stove evergreen shrub, thriving in a good sandy loam 

 and peat, to which a little rotten dung may be added. 

 Propagated by cuttings made of ripened wood, insert 

 in sand under a bell glass, with bottom heat, in early 

 spring. Seed, when procurable, should be sown as soon 

 after receipt as possible. 



A. odoratissimus (sweetest-scented).* ft. reddish brown, ex- 

 tremely fragrant ; peduncles opposite the leaves, hooked beneath 

 the middle. June and July. I. oblong-lanceolate, acuminated, 

 smooth, shining. A. 6ft. Malayan Islands, 1758. In Java, the 

 leaves are held to be invaluable as a preventive of cholera. 



ARTANEMA (from aiiau, to support, and nemo, a 

 filament ; in reference to a tooth-like process growing on 

 the longer filaments). OBD. Scrophularinece. An inte- 

 resting and handsome greenhouse evergreen shrub, allied 

 to Torenia. Flowers disposed in terminal racemes, and 

 on short pedicels. Leaves opposite, sub-serrated. It may 

 be treated as hardy during summer, for which purpose 

 seeds should be sown in spring; but it requires the pro- 

 tection of a greenhouse during winter. Artanema grows 

 freely in light rich soil, and is readily increased " by cut- 

 tings and seeds. 



A. nmbriatum (fringed), ft., corolla blue, large, tubularly funnel- 

 shaped, clothed with minute glandular pubescence outside; 

 lobes unequally serrated; racemes terminal, four to sixteen- 

 flowered. June, November. I. lanceolate, acute, serrated, rough 

 to the touch from numerous elevated dots. Stem smooth, glossy. 

 A. 2ft. to 3ft. New Holland (on the banks of the Brisbane River 

 at Moreton Bay), 1830. 



ARTANTHE. See Piper. 



ARTEMISIA (from Artemis, one of the names of 

 Diana). Mugwort ; Southernwood ; Wormwood. OBD. 

 Composites. A very large genus of mostly hardy herba- 

 ceous perennials, few of which, comparatively speaking, 

 are worth growing. Flower-heads disposed in spikes, or 

 racemes, and these are usually arranged in panicles ; pappus 

 none; involucre few-flowered, ovate or rounded, imbri- 

 cated; florets of the disk all tubular; of the ray, if 

 any, slender, awl-shaped. Leaves alternate, variously 

 lobed. All the species are of the easiest possible culture 

 in any dry soil. The shrubby kinds are best propagated 

 by cuttings ; the herbaceous ones, by dividing at the root ; 

 and the annuals, by seeds. 

 A. Abrotanum (aromatic herb:.* Old Man ; Southernwood. 



ft.-heads yellowish. August to October. L, lower ones bipinnate; 



upper ones pinnate, with the segments hair-like. Stem straight 



h. 2ft. to 4ft Europe, 1548. A deciduous shrub, well known 



for its fragrance. See also Southernwood. 

 A. A. humile flow). A i ow sprea ding variety. A. IJft. 

 A. A. tobolskianum (Tobolskian). A much more vigorous 



growing variety than the last, and larger hi all its parts than the 



type. 

 A. alplna (alpine).* fl.-heads yellow, solitary, on long slender 



stalks; scales of involucre lanceolate. Summer. I. pinnate, covered 



with whitish silky hairs ; lobes linear, entire. A. 6in. to lOin. 



Caucasus, 1804. Dwarf, with a very tufted habit 

 A. anethifolia(Anethum-leaved). fl.-heads yellowish-green, small ; 



rnicle very large, densely packed, nearly 2ft. long. Autumn. 

 _ chiefly cauline, much divided into thread-like segments, greyish- 

 green. Stem shrubby at the base, nearly glabrous, branching at 

 the top. A. 3ft to 4ft Siberia, 1816. 



A. argentea (silvery).* ft.-heads pale yellow, roundish, closely 

 packed. July. I. ovate-oblong, very freely divided, densely 

 clothed with soft silvery hairs. A. lift Madeira, 1777. A very 

 pretty species, requiring a warm sunny position on the rockery. 



A. cana(hoary). ft.-heads yellow, small, uninteresting, ovate, in a 

 close spiky panicle. August I. silky, hoary ; lower ones wedge- 

 shaped, sharply three-cleft ; cauline ones linear-lanceolate, three- 

 nerved. Stem ascending ; branches erect A. 2ft to 3ft. North 

 America, 1800. This is a very distinct species, and its silvery 

 leaves and stems render it well worthy of cultivation. 



A. ccerulcscens (bluish).* fl.-hf<tds bluish, erect, cylindrical. 

 August. 1. hoary, most of them lanceolate, entire, tapering at the 

 base; lower ones variously divided. A. 2ft. South Europe. 

 An ornamental evergreen shrub. 



A. Dracunculns. Tarragon, ft.-heads whitish-green ; racemes 

 panicled ; heads sub-globose. July. I., radical ones three-cleft ; 

 cauline ones sessile, linear or linear-oblong, acute, entire, toothed. 

 h. 2ft. South Europe, 1543. See also Tarragon. 



Artemisia continued. 



A. frigida (frigid). ft.-heacts yellow, uninteresting, small, roundish 

 racemosely panicled. August. L pinnate; segments narrow! 

 silvery. A. fit Siberia, ?826. A pretty creeping, herbaceous 



A. maritima (maritime). fl.-head brown ; racemes oblong erect 

 or drooping. August ami September. 1. downy, bipinnatifld 

 oblong; segments linear. Britain. A much branched^ erect, or 

 decumbent plant, excellent for rough rockwork or very dry 



A. Mutellina (Mutellina).* ft.-heads yellowish-green ; lower ones 

 stalked, upper ones sessile. July. I. all palmate, multifid, white. 

 Stem quite simple. A. 6in. European Alps, 1815. 



A. pontlca (Pontine). fl.-heads yellow, roundish, stalked, nodding. 

 September. I. downy beneath ; cauline ones bipinnate leaflets 

 linear. A. 3ft. Austria, 1570. 



A. rnpestris (rock). ft..heads brown, globose, stalked, nodding. 

 August. 1. sub-pubescent ; cauline ones pinnatifld ; leaflets 

 linear, acute. A. 6in. Norway, Ac., 1748. 



A. scoparia (twiggy-branched). A.-head small, whitish ; panicle 

 broad, densely packed, about IJft. long. Autumn. I. much 

 divided; segments hair-like ; lower branches very slender. A. 3ft. 

 to 5ft. East Europe. 



A. spicata fspicate). fl.-head brown, spicate. June and July. 

 L hoary; radical ones palmate multifid; cauline ones pinnatifld; 

 upper linear, entire, blunt. Stem quite simple. A. 1ft. Switzer- 

 land, 1790. 



A. Stellerlana ^teller's).* fl.-headt yellow, uninteresting, 

 round, somewhat erect Summer, i., lower ones spathnlate- 

 incised ; upper ones obtusely lobed ; end lobes often confluent, 

 about 2in. long, silvery white. A. 1ft to 2ft. Siberia. 



A. tanacetlfolla (Tanacetum-leaved). ft.-heads brownish ; racemes 

 simple, terminal Summer. J. bipinnate ; lobes linear sub-lanceo- 

 late, entire, acuminated, rather downy. Stem sometimes branch- 

 ing at the base, herbaceous. A. IJft Siberia, 1768. 



A. vulgarls (common).* Mugwort ft. -heads yellow, somewhat 

 racemed, ovate. August I. pinnatifld ; segments white, and downy 

 beneath. Stems 3ft. to 4ft high, furrowed. Britain. The varie- 

 gated form of this species exhibits a very pleasing contrast. 

 There is also a pretty variety with golden leaves. 



ARTHROPHYLLUM. A synonym of Phyll- 

 arthron (which see). 



ARTHROPODIUM (from arthron, a joint, and pous, 

 a foot ; the footstalks of the flowers being jointed). OBD. 

 Liliacea). Very pretty greenhouse herbaceous perennials, 

 allied to Anthericum. Flowers purplish or white, in loose 

 racemes. Leaves grass-like, radical. They thrive well in 

 a compost of sandy loam and peat, and may be increased 

 freely by divisions or seeds. 



A. drratnm (curled), ft. white; racemes divided; bracteas 

 leafy. May. L lanceolate, ensiform, spreading, 1ft long. A. 3ft. 

 New Zealand, 1821. 



(fringed), ft. white, July. A. Ijft New Holland, 



A. neo-calcdonlcum (New Caledonian).* ft. small, white, on a 

 much- branched, many-flowered panicle. May. J. tufted, linear- 

 lanceolate, barred with black linear markings near the base. A. 

 lift New Caledonia, 1877. 



A. paniculatum (panicled).* ft. white ; racemes divided ; pedicels 

 clustered ; inner sepals crenulate. May. i. narrowly lanceolate. 

 A. 3ft New South Wales, 1800. A. minus is a small form of 

 this species. 



A. pendulum (pendulous).* ft. white, clustered in threes, pen- 

 dulous. June to August linear, keeled, shorter than the 

 branched scape. A. IJft New Holland, 1822. 



ARTHROPTERIS. See Nephrodium and Ne- 

 phrolepis. 



ARTHROSTEMMA (from arthron, & joint, and 

 stemon, a stamen ; in reference to the stamens or connec- 

 tives being jointed). OBD. Melastomaceas. Beautiful stove 

 or greenhouse evergreen shrubs. Tube of calyx turbinate 

 or campanulate, usually clothed with bristles, pili, or 

 scales; lobea four, lanceolate, permanent, without any 

 appendages between them ; petals four. A mixture of loam, 

 peat, and sand, suits them best ; and cuttings of small firm 

 side shoots will root, in April or August, under a hand 

 glass in sandy soil. Only three or four out of the half-dozen 

 species belonging to this genus have been as yet intro- 

 duced. 



A. fragile (brittle), ft. rosy ; cymes loose, terminal, few-flowered ; 

 calyx glandular. July. I. ovate-cordate, acute, five-nerved, 

 serrated ; branches tetragonal, beset with glandular hairs. A. 3ft. 

 Mexico, 1846. Stove species. 



