182 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Berberis continued. 



mucrone at the apex, paler beneath, spiny-ciliated ; spines three- 

 parted, unequal. A. 10ft NepauL A variety of aristata. 



B. Fortune! (Fortune's).* fl. small, in terminal clustered racemes. 

 I., leaflets about seven, linear-lanceolate, distant, with numerous 

 small spiny teeth, lower pair remote from the base of the petiole. 

 China. 



B. glumacea (glumaceous). A synonym of B. nenosa. 



B. iberica (Iberian), fl., racemes many-flowered, pendulous. 

 Spring. I. obovate-oblong, quite entire ; spines simple and three- 

 parted. A. 8ft to 10ft Iberia, 1818. 



B. ilicifolia (Holly-leavedV. fl., peduncles short, four-flowered; 

 pedicels elongated, somewhat corymbose. July. I. ovate, tapering 

 at the base, coarsely and spinulosely toothed ; spines three-parted; 

 A. 2ft to 3ft Tierra del Fuego, 1791. (B. M. 4308.) 



B. japonica (Japanese).* fl., racemes in terminal clusters. Spring. 

 L, leaflets usually nine, about Sin. long, quite sessile, broadly 

 cordate, or rotundate at the base, oblique, with about five long 

 spiny teeth, and a terminal one, the lowest pairs close to the base 

 of the petiole. China and Japan. Very distinct, with unbranched 

 stems and leaves about 1ft long. Ji. Beali and /.'. intermedia 

 are mere forms of this species, the latter differing from it in 

 having narrower leaves and longer, slender racemes. (B. M. 4852). 



B. loxensis (Loxanese). fl. unusually small, erect, in panicled 

 racemes on a long peduncle quite clear of the leaves. I. very 

 shining, blunt, obovate; sides often with several teeth; spines 

 small, palmated. A. 3ft to 4ft Peru. Evergreen, not hardy. 

 (P. F. <5. 1, p. 13) 



FIG. 244. BERBERIS NEPALENSIS. 



B. ncpalensis (Nepaulese).* fl. yellow ; racemes few, elongated, 

 slender. I. 1ft. to 2ft. long; leaflets Bve to nine pairs, obovate- 

 oblong, cuspidate, rounded at the base, repand-toothed, with tive 

 to ten spiny teeth on each side, tricuspidate at the apex. A. 4ft. 

 to 6ft. Nepaul. A very handsome species, thriving best in the 

 southern parts of England. SYN. Mahonia ntpaleiusis. See 

 Fig. 244. 



(large-nerved), fl., racemes elongated. October. 

 f.j leaflets five to six pairs, with an odd one, the lower pair 

 distant from the petiole; ovate, acuminated, remotely spiny 

 toothed, somewhat three to flve-nerved, with twelve to fourteen 

 teeth on each side. A. 1ft to 3ft. North America, 1826. SYKS. 

 B. {ilumacea, Malumia nenoaa. (B. M. 3949.) 



B. repens (creeping).* fl., racemes terminal, numerous, fascicled, 

 diffuse, nsmg from the scaly buds. Spring. I, leaflets, two to 

 three pairs, with an odd one, roundish-ovate, opaque, spiny 

 toothei A. 1ft. to 2ft North America, 1822.' SVN. JfaAom2 

 repent. (B. R. 1176.) 



B. rnsolfolia (Ruscus-Ieaved). JL a little larger than those of 

 B. vulgarig ; peduncles short, bearing four to five flowers at the 

 apex. {. oblong, tapering at the base, umcronate, entire, or 



Berberis continued, 

 grossly and spiny toothed. 

 Half-hardy. 



A. 4ft. to 8ft South America, 1823, 



8 (Chinese).*/., racemes many-flowered, nodding. May. 

 I. oblong, obtuse, entire, or the lower ones are a little toothed ; 

 lines three-parted. A. 3ft. to 6ft. China, 1815. (B. M. 6573.) 



FIG. 245. BERBERIS STENOPHYLLA, showing Habit and 



Flowering Twig. 



B. Stenophylla (naked-leaved),* with narrow mucronate leaves, 

 is saul to be a hybrid between B. empetr\fulia and B. Darwinii. 



B. trifoliata (three-leafleted). /., racemes small, axillary, 

 sessile, three to five-flowered. Spring. I., leaflets three, sessile 

 at the ends of the petioles, deeply scalloped, bluish-green, varie- 

 gated, glaucous beneath. A. 5ft. Mexico, 1839. Evergreen, not 

 quite hardy. (P. F. G. 2, 168.) 



B. trifurcata (thiee-forked). /?., racemes compound, erect. 

 Spring. 1. pinnate ; leaflets broad, three-forked. A. 6ft. China, 

 1850. Evergreen. (P. F. G. 3, 258.) 



B. umbellata (umbellate), fl., peduncles solitary, erect, bearing 

 at the top several umbellate pedicels. I. obovate-ob'ong, inu- 

 cronate, entire, glaucous beneath ; spines three-parted, long 

 equal. A. 6ft. Nepaul, 1842. (P. F. G. 2, 181.) 



B. vulgaris (common).* Common Barberry. /., racemes many, 

 flowered, pendulous. Spring. /. somewhat obovate, ciliately- 

 serrated ; spines three-parted. A. 8ft. to 20ft. Britain, &c. There 

 are yellow, violet, purple, black, and white fruited, and purple- 

 leaved forms. (Sy. En. B. 51.) 



B. Wallichiana (Wallich's).* fl. on drooping, aggregated pe- 

 duncles, six to eight or more in a cluster. Spring. I. in alternate 

 fascicles, 2in. to 3in. long, spreading or recurved, lanceolate, 

 sinuato-serrate ; spines deeply three-parted, slender but rigid. 

 A. 6ft. to 10ft. Nepaul, 1820. See Fig. 246. (B. M. 4656.) 



BERCHEMIA (in honour of M. Berchem, a French 

 botanist). ORD. Rhamnece. A genus of erect, or twining, 

 deciduous, mostly greenhouse shrubs. Flowers sub-umbel- 

 late, in the axils of the upper leaves, or disposed in 

 terminal panicles. Leaves alternate, many-nerved, entire. 

 The species mentioned below is probably the only one yet 

 in cultivation. It is quite hardy, will grow in any common 

 soil, and is well adapted for bowers or trellis-work. Pro- 

 pagated by ripened cuttings, or by slips of the root, planted 

 under a hand glass ; or by layering the young shoots. 



B. volubills (twining).* fl. greenish-white ; panicles small, axil- 

 lary and terminal. Drupe oblong, violaceous. June. I. oval, 

 mucronate, a little wavy. Branches smooth. Carolina, 1714. A 

 deciduous twiner. (G. G. 165.) 



BERGAMOT. See Mentha odorata. 



BERGERA (named after C. J. Berger, a distinguished 

 Danish botanist). ORD. RutacecB. Interesting stove ever- 

 green trees, now usually referred to Murraya. Leaves 

 impari-pinnate ; leaflets alternate, acuminated, pubescent. 

 They thrive in a mixture of tuffy loam and peat. Propa- 

 gated by ripened cuttings, taken off at a joint, and placed 

 in sand, under a hand glass, in bottom heat ; or by layers. 



