AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



221 



Buddleia continued, 



The species most extensively grown is B. ylobosn, which, 

 among all our other shrubs, is quite unique ; but it is only 

 in the southern or favoured counties of England where it 

 can be fairly termed hardy. It is readily propagated by 

 cuttings or by seeds. The latter should be sown in a gentle 

 heat the spring following the ripening, when they will vege- 

 tate pretty freely. With careful treatment and nurturing 

 in pots for the first winter, in a frost-proof pit or house, they 

 may goon be grown into elegant plants. Cuttings of the 

 ripened wood, put in under bell glasses or hand lights, in a 

 cool but frost-proof pit, will root slowly during the winter. 

 They will root all the surer and quicker if each cutting has 

 a heel of older wood attached to that of the current year's 

 growth. They are best inserted in fine sand or in very 

 sandy soil, and require but little water until rooted. As 

 soon as fairly calloused over or rooted, their further pro- 

 gress may be much advanced by potting them off, and 

 plunging them in a bottom-heat of 60deg. or 6odeg. This 

 is by no means an essential to secure success, but it hastens 

 it, and promotes growth in an extraordinary manner. The 

 surface temperature should range about the same as the 

 bottom-heat. Under such treatment, the plants will be 

 quite fit to place out about the middle of July. A warm, 

 sheltered situation should be chosen, and a light, rich soil 

 prepared for them ; and if dry weather ensues, they only 

 require water. South or west walls are, without doubt, the 

 best situations for them. In all cool or unfavourable 

 localities, much may be done to ensure success by planting 

 on a dry bottom, and on poorish soil. A loose, free-and- 

 easy style of training suits the plants best. This enables 

 them to yield a great number of their peculiarly formed, 

 distinct, and beautiful flowers ; whereas, anything like a 

 close, trim course of pruning or of training reduces the 

 flowers to the lowest number. 



Throughout the southern parts of England, and, indeed, 

 in many places in the north, B. globosa makes an excellent 

 bush for the shrubbery. It is only during severe winters 

 that it gets badly cut. 



For the other presumably hardy species much the same 

 plan as the foregoing may be adopted. The greenhouse and 

 stove kinds may have the same routine of culture usually 

 employed with plants requiring similar temperatures. 



Stove species, except where specified otherwise. 



(AmericanX JL yellow ; spikes disposed in a 

 terminal panicle, nearly lift, long ; glomeniles nearly globose, 

 size of a sloe, on short peduncles. August. L orate, acuminated, 

 narrowed at the base, serrately crenated. A, 8ft. to 12ft Pern, 

 1826. 



B. asiattca (Asiatic).* /. white, small, disposed in lonz, dense 

 racemes. L lanceolate, finely serrated. A. 3ft. India, 1874. 

 A graceful and sweet-acented shrub. ST.N. B. A'eemda. (B. M. 6321) 



, (curled). JL Iflac, with a white eye ; numerously pro- 

 duced in long terminal branching spikes, forming a pyramidal 

 head about bin. long. March. L orate-lanceolate, crenately 

 curled ; lower ones cordate at the tan; superior ones rounded, 

 all thick and wrinkled, clothed with soft tomentum on both 

 surfaces, A. 13ft. Western Himalayas. Half-hardy. (B. M. 4793.) 

 , or honey -colour ; heads large, 

 i. lanceolate, acuminated, 



. long. Branches sub-tetragonal, clothed 

 with hoary tomentum, as well as the under side of the leares. 

 A. 15ft. to 20ft Chili, 1774. Hardy in most places, (B. M. 174.) 

 B, UndJeyana (Lindlevs). .. purplish-red, hairy ; disposed in 

 terminal racemose spikes. September. L ovate, shortly petiolate, 

 serrate. Branches angular, glabrous. A. 6ft China, 1844. Half- 

 hardy. (B.B.32,4.) 

 B. Neemda (Xeemda). A synonym of B. atiatiea. 



BUDS, PIiOWER. These are developed like Leaf- 

 buds, from which they differ chiefly in containing one or 

 more incipient flowers within the leaves the flowers 

 being wrapped up in their own floral-leaves, within the 

 ordinary leaves, which have their outer covering of scales. 

 If a Bud be gathered from a Lilac or Horse-chestnut very 

 early in spring, all the rudiments of the future flowers and 

 leaves will be found within it, though the Bud itself may 

 not be more than half-an-inch long, and the flowers not 

 larger than the points of the smallest pins. 



BUDS, LEAP. These consist of rudimentary leaves, 

 surrounding a growing vital point, and appear like a 

 collection of scales arranged symmetrically one above the 

 other. Leaf-buds universally originate in the horizontal 

 or cellular system, and are formed under the bark at the 

 extremity of the medullary rays, and at the margin or on 

 the surface of leaves, whether perfect or rudimentary. 

 Deciduous trees lose their leaves, but in the axil of 

 each a little Bud previously forms, from which fresh 

 leaves expand the following spring. In some cases, as 

 in the Horse-chestnut, the Buds are covered with a gummy 

 exudation. In Privet-trees, Leaf -buds are generally smaller 

 and more elongated than Flower-buds. 



(named after David Sigismund Au- 

 gustus Byttner, once a Professor of Botany in the Uni- 

 versity of Gottingen). OBD. Sterculuieecf, Erect or scan- 

 dent stove or greenhouse shrubs. Flowers small, usually 

 dark purple ; calyx and corolla valvate ; umbels simple, 

 disposed in something like racemes or panicles, rarely in 

 corymbs. Leaves simple. All are of easy culture in a 

 compost of loam and peat. B. datyphyUa, hermannice- 

 folia, microphylia, and scabra, are occasionally met with, 

 but they are hardly worth growing. 



BTJETTNERIEJB. A section of SttrcvKttffiB. 



MOTH (Pygaera butephala). This large 

 and beautiful Moth is very common in many districts ; it 

 is easily recognised by the buff-coloured tips of the fore- 

 wing^ whence its common name ; the head, and body 

 between the wings and abdomen, are ochreous. According 

 to Newman's " British Moths," " the caterpillars, when full 

 grown, are about an inch and three-quarters long, and 

 sprinkled with silky hairs ; the general colour yellow, with 

 black head, black lines running from the head to the tail, 

 interrupted by a transverse orange band on each ring, and 

 a black horny plate above the tail segment." They feed 

 on the leaves of the Lime, Elm, and Oak, among other 

 trees, and apparently the only remedy is that generally 

 adopted in exterminating caterpillars, viz., to shake the 

 branches which are infested, when the pest will be quickly 

 dislodged, and fall to the ground. Miss Ormerod is of 

 opinion that " as the caterpillars come down the tree to 

 the ground for their change to chrysalids, it might be 

 worth while to throw a few spadefuls of gas-lime, or of 

 anything they would not cross, in a circle at about a yard 

 from the tree ; or a rough band of any material soaked in 

 tar, or tar and ofl, which would keep wet longer, would 

 stop them from straying off . . . and they might be 

 cleared in sufficient numbers so as to considerably lessen 

 future attack." This plan of prevention deserves a trial 

 in any place where the destructive caterpillars of these 

 Moths abound. It is almost a hopeless task to destroy 

 them altogether when once established on the trees, such 

 specimens as large Oaks being often almost or wholly de- 

 nuded of foliage. 

 BUGLE. 



BUGLOSSUM 

 Barrelieri. 



BUGWORT. >~ Cimicifuga. 

 BULBIFEB.OUS. Bearing bulb*. 



Ses 



(from bolbot, a bulb). OKD. Liliaeecc. A 

 genus of rather pretty hardy, or nearly hardy, herbaceous 

 or bulbous plants, allied to Anthericum. Flowers showy, 

 fragrant; perianth with spreading segments. Leaves 

 somewhat fleshy, narrow. Stems short. They are all of 

 easy culture in a compost of sandy loam. The bulbous- 

 rooted species are increased by offsets, and the herba- 

 ceous sorts by suckers and divisions. The only species 

 which can be grown satisfactorily in the open air is 

 B. annuo. All the others should be grown in the green- 

 house, but may be placed in the open during the summer 



