AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



235 



Calamintha continued. 



herbaceous plants, baring the following essential cha- 

 racters : Calyx two-lipped ; stamens diverging ; upper lip 

 of corolla nearly fiat ; tube straight. Bather pretty plants, 

 with Thyme-like flowers, well suited for furnishing rock 

 gardens. They grow in almost any garden soiL Increased 

 by seeds, cuttings, or divisions of the roots, in spring. 



C. Acinos (Acinos). Basil Thyme, jf. bluish-purple, Tariegated 

 with white and dark purple," disposed in whorls, one on each 

 flower-stalk. July and August. 1. acute, serrate. Stems 

 branched, ascendine, leafy. A. 6in. England. Annual. Srss. 

 Aeino* rulgaris and Thymtu Acinos. (Sy. En. B. 1048.) 



C. alpina (alpine). A. purplish, almost sessile, four to six in a 

 whorl, June to September. L petiolate, roundish or ovate, slightly 

 serrated, A. 6in. S. Europe, 1731. A freely branched, tufted 

 - : "- 



C. grandiflora (large-flowered).* JL purplish, Uin. long, in loose 

 racemes; throat much inflated. June. L petiolate, ovate, 

 acute, coarsely toothed, rounded at the base, 2in. to Sin. long. 

 Herbaceous stems branched at the base, and decumbent A. 1ft. 

 1596. 



C. patavina (Paduan). JL pale or purplish-red, rather large. 

 June. /. petiolate, ovate, acute, pubescent. A. 6in. to Sin. S. 

 Europe, 1776. 



CALAMPELIS. 



CALAMUS (from lalamos, a reed; old Greek name 

 used by Theophrastns). ORD. Palmx. An elegant genus of 

 stove Palms. Flowers small, usually of a rose or greenish 

 colour, clustered upon branching spikes, each branch 

 having a separate spathe, which is not large enough to 

 enclose it. Fruit one-seeded, and covered with smooth, 

 shining scales. Leaves pinnate. Stems reed-like, lin. to 

 2in. in thickness. When in a young state, these palms 

 are most effective as drawing or diningroom decorations : 

 and, when in a more mature condition, they are excellent 

 as stove ornaments and for exhibition purposes. They 

 are all of slender growth, and of easy culture in a compost 

 of equal parts loam and vegetable mould ; a copious supply 

 of water being needed to keep them in a flourishing state. 

 Propagated by seeds. C. Botany, C. rtminaii*, and several 

 other species furnish the canes usually employed in this 

 country for the bottoms of chairs, conches, &c. 



C. accedens (yielding). L long, arching, dark green, pinnate : 

 pinnae long, narrow, closely set; petioles with slender black 

 spines. India. A rare, but elegant slender-growing, miniature 

 tree. 



C. adspersus (scattered). L pinnate ; pinnae 6in. to Sin. long, 

 narrow, deep green ; petioles about 6m. in length, sheathing at 

 the base, clothed with long, slender, black spines. Stem not 

 much stouter than a large wheat straw. A. 20ft Java, 1866. 



C. aspenimus (very 

 1ft to 2ft in length, 1 

 side with two rows of hair-like spines ; peti 



, armed with long, stout, black spines. Jai 

 1877. A beautiful species, which attains a considerable size. 

 (LH. 275.) 



C. ciliaris (fringed).* L pinnate, clothed with a quantity of soft 

 hair-like bristles ; petioles shea ting at the base. Stem erect and 

 slender. India, 1869. From the plume-like habit of the leaves, 

 it makes a splendid plant for table decoration, as well as being 

 a beautiful specimen for exhibition. 



C. draco (dragon). L 4ft to 6ft in length, beautifully arched, 

 pinnate; pinnae 12m. to ISin. long, narrow, slightly" pendent, 

 dark green ; petioles sheathing at base, armed with long, flat 

 black spines. A. 20ft to 30ft India, 1819. A very handsome 

 species, with a robust constitution. 



C. fissns (cleft). I. ovate in outline, pinnate, when young bright 

 cinnamon ; leaflets pendent dark green, bearing on the upper side 

 a few black hair-like bristles; petioles armed with dark, stout 

 spines, Borneo. A very ornamental species. 



C. flagellnxn (whip-likeX L 6ft to 8ft in length when fully grown, 

 pinnate ; pinna? pendent, about 1ft in length and lin. in breadth, 

 dark green, furnished on the upper side with two rows of lone, 

 white, hair-like spines ; petioles sheathing, copiously armed with 

 stout white spines, much swollen at the base, and tipped with 

 black. Stem slender. 



C. Hystriz (bristly). 1. pinnate ; petioles spiny. A compact- 

 growing and very graceful species. i 



C. Jenkinsianns (Jenkins's). L pinnate, gracefully arched, 2ft to 

 6ft long ; pinna? 6in. to 12m. long, lin. broad, rich dark green ; 

 ioles slightly sheathing at the base, armed with long flat spines. 



LU8 (very rough).* L pinnate, 3ft to 12ft long ; pinnae 

 i length," lin. in breadth, pendent, light green, upper 

 o rows of hair-like spines ; petioles broadly sheathing 



:. leptospaduc (^lender-spadix).* I. pinnate ; pinnules about iin. 

 wide, and from 6in. to 12in. long, subulately acuminate ; upper 



Calamus continued. 



surface with three bristle-bearing ribs : a few smaller bristles 

 are disposed along the midrib underneath : margins finely i 

 regularly toothed with small ascending bristles? petu.lT chan^ 

 nelled, tomentose towards the base, bearing three or fonr solitary 

 needle-like spines, about lin. long. India. A rare species, and 

 described as one of the most gracef uL 



C. Lewisianns (Lewis's).* L ultimately spreading 2ft to 6ft Ion- 

 pinnate ; pinna? equidistant, iin. bro2cS*b^3in. to 15uT 

 long ; veins on the upper surface bristled, under surface smooth ; 

 margins rough, with appressed bristles ; petioles white, with a 

 broad, sheathing, blackish-brown base, densely armed with lone, 

 flat black spines, India. A fine, but somewhat rare, species. 



C. Rotang (Rotang). I. pinnate, from 3ft to 4ft in length, 

 Tery gracefully arched ; pinnae 6in. to 12in. long, less than lin. 

 broad ; upper side dark green, with two rows of hair-like spines 

 petioles and stems armed sparingly with stout slightlv reversal 

 spines. Stems slender. India. When young, especially, this plant 

 is very handsome. 



C. Royleanus (Boyle's).* L pinnate, arching ; pinna? very nume- 

 rous, narrow, pendent, deep green ; petioles with few spines, dark 

 green. North-west Himalayas, 



C. spectabilis (showy V* /. pinnate, with a few pairs of smooth 

 hnear-lanceolate, three-ribbed leaflets, measuring 6in. to Sin. long; 

 petioles green, furnished with numerous short conical white 

 spines, tipped with brown. Malacca. A slender-growing species. . 



C. verticillaris (whorledX I. pinnate, with a very ornamental 

 plume-like appearance : pinna? long, broad, drooping ; petioles 

 with the spines arranged verticillately. Malacca. This beautiful 

 species is extremely rare, 



C. yiminalis (twiggy).* L ift. to 2ft. Ion", pinnate ; pinna? about 

 6in. long, narrow, light green : petioles sheathing, densely armed 

 with long flat white spines. When only 3ft. or 4ft. in height, its 

 spiny whip-like spikes of flowers are ofttn produced. Stem 

 slender. A. 50ft, Java, 1847. 



The following are other, but less-known, spec'es : auftralit, ffejwij*, 

 micranthuf, niyer, obkmyuf, and tfiniir. 



CALAMUS ASOMATICUS. An old name of 

 Acorns Calamus i which ,*:'. 



CALAMUS ODOEATUS. An old name of An- 

 dropogon Schoenan thus i which ,-> 



CAULNDRINIA (in honour of L. Calandrini, an 

 Italian botanist, who lived in the beginning of the 

 eighteenth century'). ORD. Portuhi?e&. A rather large 

 genus of fleshy, glabrous, annual or perennial, herbaceous 

 plants, some fourteen or fifteen species growing in Australia, 

 the rest occurring in the Xew World. Flowers usually 

 rose or purple, solitary, or in terminal umbels or racemes. 

 Leaves quite entire, radical or alternate. Only four or five 

 species are cultivated in this country : these are treated 

 as half-hardy atinnala with the exception of C. umbeUata. 

 which is best treated as a biennial and as such they are 

 extensively grown in small gardens, with most satisfactory 

 results. They should be sown in the spot* where they are 

 intended to flower, as transplantation, unless performed 



FIG. 315. CALA.\DKIMA MU.NZIESU, showing Flower and Habit 



with more than ordinary care, will considerably check their 

 growth or result in loss. Their flowers only expand 

 during bright sunshine, and, consequently, they are less 

 grown than they otherwise would be. The plants thrive in 



