AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



253 



Camellia continued. 



MRS. COPE,* white, delicately shaded with pink, and striped 

 with rose; MRS. DOMBRAIN,* shape and substance excellent, 

 colour beautiful soft pink; NAPOLEON III., flowers rose, beauti- 

 fully veined with deep rose, and edged with pure white ; PRINCE 

 ALBERT, white, beautifully flaked with carmine; PRINCESS 

 BACCIOCCHI,* rich velvety carmine ; PRINCESS FREDERICK 

 WILLIAM,* flowers white, tipped with bright carmine ; QUEEN OF 

 ROSES, flowers delicate rose ; REINE DES BEAUTES,* very delicate 

 clear rose, fine form, extra fine variety; REINE DES FLEURS,* 

 finely imbricated, petals of good substance and perfect symmetry, 

 colour vermilion-red, flaked occasionally with white ; RUBENS, 

 deep rose-white stripes ; SACCOIANA,* a finely imbricated flower, 

 colour very variable, occasionally clear rose, at other times spotted 

 with pure white ; SARAH FROST, flowers bright red ; STORYI, 

 outer petals bright rose, centre almost white ; TARQIONI, flowers 

 beautifully imbricated, pure white, striped with cerise ; TEUTONIA, 

 flowers sometimes red, at other times white, but occasionally half 

 red and half white ; THOMAS MOORE,* flowers 4iin. across, per- 

 fectly round, and well imbricated, petals also round, and well 

 filled up in the centre, colour rich carmine, shaded with crimson ; 

 TRICOLOR DE MATHOT, flowers red, marbled with white, semi- 

 double ; TRICOLOR IMBRICATA PLENA, blush white, flaked with 

 carmine and rose ; VALTEVAREDA, colour bright rose, often 

 spotted with snowy white; WILDERII,* soft rose, of excellent 

 form. 



CAMOENSIA (named in honour of Luis Camoens, a 

 celebrated Portuguese poet). OKD. Leguminosai. A genus 

 containing a couple of handsome species. C. maxima is 

 the largest-flowered leguminous plant known. It thrives 

 well in rich loam and leaf mould. Cuttings root in sandy 

 loam, in bottom heat, if placed under a bell glass. It has 

 not yet flowered in this country. The other species has 

 not been introduced. 



C. maxima (greatest).* fl. cream-colour, yellow, 1ft. long, in short 

 axillary racemes. Angola, 1878. (T. L. S. 25, 36.) 



CAMOMILE. See Chamomile. 



C AMPANE A (from campana, a bell ; alluding to the 

 shape of the flowers). OBD. Gesneracece. Stove herbaceous 

 climbing perennials, the only one at present introduced 

 being C. grandiflora. For cultivation, see Gesnera. 



C. grandiflora (large-flowered).* fl. in axillary tufts, at ends of 

 long, axillary, and terminal peduncles ; corolla white, lined and 

 dotted with crimson. June. I. opposite, oval, acuminated, 

 oblique, soft, crenated, stalked. Plant hairy. A. 2ft. Santa F6, 

 1848. (R. H. 1849, 241.) 



CAMPANULA (diminutive of campana, a bell ; in refe- 

 rence to the shape of the flowers). Bell-flower; Slipperwort. 

 ORD. Campanulacece. A genus of mostly perennial rarely 

 annual or biennial herbs. Flowers blue or white, for the 

 most part pedunculate, usually racemose, rarely spicate or 

 glomerate. Eadical leaves usually different in form from 

 the cauline ones, especially in size. All the species of this 

 genus are elegant when in flower (see Fig. 339), and are 

 very largely grown. The dwarf varieties make excellent 

 subjects for pot culture, rockeries, or the fronts of borders. 

 A rather rich sandy loam, with plenty of drainage, suits 

 these plants. The forms of C. pyramidalis may be kept 

 in cold frames during the winter, and firmly repotted in 

 summer, the crown of the plant being kept just a trifle 

 raised above the soil, or they are at times liable to damp 

 off, through the water lodging around the necks. During 

 hot weather, the pots should be plunged in a bed of ashes. 

 Campanulas are easily raised from seeds, which should 

 be sown in spring. 



General Culture. As a rule, few plants are so easily 

 cultivated as these. The strong-growing kinds may be 

 grown with the greatest success in ordinary garden soil, 

 well enriched with manure, while the alpine kinds are 

 easily managed on the rockery. Sow seeds of the annuals 

 in April, and of the biennials in June, in the open, or in a 

 cold frame. The perennials are chiefly propagated by 

 dividing the roots, or by young cuttings, in spring the 

 latter is by far the best method of propagation with many 

 of the species or by seeds. Those kinds requiring special 

 treatment are particularised, and those suitable to the 

 rockery are so designated. Perennials, except where other- 

 wise mentioned. 



C. Adami (Adam's). /. bluish, nearly erect, one on the top of 

 each stem ; corolla funnel-shaped. July. I. slightly ciliated ; 



Campanula continued. 

 radical ones on long petioles, cu 



thulate, coarsely toothed 



C. AlUonii (Allioni's).* fl. usually blue, rarely white, subnutant, 

 large, solitary. July to September. I., radical ones linear- 

 lanceolate, nearly entire, ciliated ; lower ones rosulate, bluntish 

 Stem rather pilose. Root creeping, h. Sin. to 4in. Piedmontese 

 Alps, &c., 1820. A little gem, requiring a well-drained position, 

 in rich sandy loam, with plenty of grit in it, and an abundance of 

 moisture when growing. SYNS. C. alpestris and C. nana. (B. M. 

 6588.) 



C. alpestris (rocky). A synonym of C. AlUonii. 



C. alpina (alpine).* fl. deep blue, few or numerous, scattered in a 

 pyramidal manner along the whole stem. July. I. linear-lanceo- 

 late, repandly-crenate, woolly ; radical ones crowded, narrowed at 

 the base. Stem glabrous or woolly, h. Sin. to 9in. Europe, 1779. 

 Rockery. (B. M. 957.) 



C. americana (American), fl. erect, one to three from the axil of 

 each bract; corollas blue, a little longer than the calycine lobes. 

 July. I., radical ones rosulate, ovate, acute, a little cordate, 

 petiolate, serrated ; cauline ones ovate-lanceolate, acuminated at 

 both ends, serrulated, h. 3ft. to 6ft. North America, 1763. 

 Borders. 



C. barbata (bearded).* fl. nutant, disposed in a loose, often secund 

 raceme ; pedicels one-flowered, rising from the axils of the superior 

 leaves ; corolla pale blue or white (in the variety alba), glabrous 

 outside, but woolly in the mouth. June. I. villous, nearly entire ; 

 radical ones crowded, lanceolate ; cauline ones few, ligulate. 

 h. 6in. to 18in. European Alps, 1752. This is best grown on the 

 rockery. The white variety is very handsome. (B. M. 1258.) 



C. Barrellerii (Barrelier's). A synonym of C. fragilis. 



C. betonicaefolla (Betony-leaved).* fl. terminal and axillary, 

 the branchlets usually bearing three ; corollas purplish-blue, with 

 a pale yellow base, tubular. May. I. elliptic-oblong or ovate, 

 acute, crenate-toothed ; radical ones shortly petiolate. Stems 

 much branched. Plant pilose, h. lift. Mount Olvmpus in 

 Bithynia, 1820. Borders. (S. F. G. 210.) 



C. bononiensis (Bononian).* /. bluish- violet, rather small, 

 numerous, disposed in long racemes. July. I. serrulated, ovate, 

 acuminate, dark green above, pale beneath ; radical ones cordate, 

 petiolate ; upper ones stem-clasping, h. 2ft. to 3ft. Europe, 1773. 

 Borders. There is also a very showy white-flowered variety. 



C. Ctespitosa (tufted).* fl. drooping, terminal, solitary, and 

 sometimes three to four at the top of each stem ; corollas deep 

 blue or pure white (in the variety alba). May to August. I., radical 

 ones crowded, on short petioles, ovate, jtfandularly toothed, 

 shining. Stems numerous, tufted. Root fibrous, creeping, h. 

 4in. to 6in. Temperate parts of Europe, 1813. Rockery, delight- 

 ing in rich fibrous loam and leaf mould. 



Fio. 340. FLOWERING STEM OF CAMPANULA CARPATHICA. 



C. carpathica (Carpathian).* fl. blue, broadly campanulate, dis- 

 posed in loose panicles, on long peduncles, which are elongated, 

 naked, and terminated by an erect flower. June to August. 

 I., lower ones on long petioles, ovate-roundish, cordate, toothed ; 

 upper ones on short petioles, ovate, acute. Stems leafy, branched. 



