AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



275 



Caryota continued. 

 wan compact, the petioles are not so long, and the leaves more 



.spreading. 3ft to 8ft. 

 eoneateand pnemone. 



tin. to 6in. in length, and the same intaadth at the widest part, 

 ' flat and even, and deep green in colour. Indian Archi- 

 Fery handsome and disiiSk 



lyir._- f^rv ^: : 

 petago. Very] 



green; petioles, when young, e 

 tomen'tai. Malacca iSS^An 



* I. bipinnate ; pinnae bright light 

 clothed with a abort black scaly 



scaly 



what dwarf species, not very unlike'C. irww in the form' o~f the 

 learea. Sockers are more freely produced by this speoes than by 

 any other. See Kg. 577. 



C. 



more, 



Fie. 377. CABTOTA SOBOUFERA. 



L bipinnate, spreading, 5ft. to 12ft., or eren 



to 9in. in 

 A. SOft. 



lentii.an 

 India, 1788. 



Probably the largest-growing 



CASCADE, or WATEETAUL. This, says London, 

 is an obvious improvement where a running stream passes 

 through a demesne, and is to be formed by first construct- 

 ing a bank of masonry, presenting an inclined plane to the 

 current, and rendering it impervious to water by the use 

 of cement : and next by varying the ridge of the bank, and 

 the bed of the river below it, with fragments of rock, so 

 chosen and placed as not to present a character foreign to 

 what Nature may be supposed to have produced there. 

 The adjoining ground frequently requires to be raised at 

 such scenes, but may be harmonised by plantations. Where 



or Waterfall continued. 

 running water is conducted in the forms belonging to the 

 geometric style of gardening, Cascades are constructed 

 in the form of crescents, flights of steps, or wavy slopes, 

 all of which produce excellent effects when appropriately 



BASK. See Croton Elnteria, 



introduced. 



CASCARILLA 



CASEABJA (named after J. Casearius, who 

 Eheede in the " Hortus Malabaricus "). OBD. Samydoeeor. 

 A genus of stove evergreen trees, with astringent and 

 medicinal properties, but of no ornamental value. There 

 are numerous species. 



CASHEW HUT. See Anacardinm occidentale. 



CASnOBrOA (named after Cardinal Casimiro Gomez). 

 OBD. Rutacece. A genus, allied to Slnimmia, containing 

 a couple of species, the one hitherto introduced being an 

 evergreen greenhouse tree, succeeding well in rich friable 

 loam with perfect drainage. It is very likely that this 

 fine fruiting tree will be extensively grown when better 

 known, as it would probably succeed in the open air in 

 the Channel Islands, in the south and south-west of Eng- 

 land, and in Ireland. We have hitherto failed in striking 

 cuttings, as also in finding a stock on which it will graft. 

 It may. however, be readily raised from seeds. 



C. ednlis (edible).* White Sapota. .. green, small, fr. about 

 the size of a St. Michael orange, borne on the two-year-old wood, 

 of a greenish-yellow colour when ripe, and hanng a delicious 

 melting flavour, like that of a peach. I. digitate. Mexico, 1866. 

 (G. C. n. s., Tiii. 465.) 



CASFABXA SPECIOSA. See Bauhinia petio- 

 lata. 



CASSANDRA (name of mythological origin 1 . OBD. 

 Ericaceae. A small genus of hardy shrubs, sometimes 

 included under Andromeda. C. calyculata. distributed 

 throughout the Northern Hemisphere, is the only species 

 known, C. angustifolia being merely a form of it. They 

 thrive best in peat or sandy loam. Propagated by layers 

 or by seeds, which Litter, being very small, require to be 

 covered lightly with earth. 



C. angnstifblia (narrow-leaTedX* *- snow-white ; corolla oblong 

 ovate, with a contracted mouth, on short pedicels, axillary, dis- 

 posed in the manner of recurred racemes at the tops of the 

 branches. April. L linear-lanceolate, acute, with sub-undulated 

 edges, rusty beneath. A. 1ft to 2ft Carolina, 1748. Srx. C. 

 eritpa. 



C. calyenlata (small-calvxedl* / snow-white ; corolla oblong- 

 cylindrical, on short pedicels ; racemes terminal, recurred, leafy. 

 ApriL L elliptic-oblong, bluntish, obsoletely serrulated, rusty 

 beneath, A. 1ft to 3ft North America, 1748. There are seTeni 

 unimportant varieties of this species. (B. M. 1286.) 



C, crisp* (curled). 

 CASSAREE3 



Synonymous with C. anyutt \folia. 

 . The concentrated juice of Manihot 



roots, rendered harmless by boiling. 



f*. * pg^p'B'Pft A (derivation obscure). OBD. Filitet. 

 Stove Ferns, from Brazil. Son terminal on the veins, sub- 

 globose or oblong, not reaching beyond the branches of 

 a single vein. Involucre inserted distinctly within the 

 margin, and separate from it, of the same shape as the 

 sorus, and pressed down upon it. For culture, Ac., tee 



C. pinnata (pinnate).* tti. 6in. to 12in. long, stout, erect frondt 

 about bin. each way, pinnate ; pinnxe crenate, linear-oblong ; mar- 

 gins of the segments much incurred in the mature plant tori in 

 close rows along the margins. 



C. triphyH* (three-leaved), tti. 2in. to 3in. long, slender, wiry. 

 frondt digitate, Jin. each way; segments three to five, nearly 

 equal, linear oblong, tori in close rows along the margins of the 



CASSIA (the Greek Kasia of Dioscorides, from Hebrew 

 Q*et*foth). OBD. Legwninofct. A very large genus of 

 shrubs or herbs, containing over two hundred species, few 

 of which are seen in lfrglig> gardens. Flowers yellow. 

 Leaves abruptly pinnate ; leaflets opposite ; petioles usually 

 glandular. C. eorymbota is about the only species grown, 

 and even this is not frequently met with. They are 



