AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



287 



Cedrna continued. 



C. D. viridit (green) or tenuifolia (thin-leaved) is of slender habit, 

 with bright green foliage. Other forms mentioned in nursery- 

 men's catalogues are : argentea, albo-spica, erecta, and verticillata 

 ylawsa. 



C. LibanL* Cedar of Lebanon. I. tufted, short, rigid, dark 

 preen. Cones oblong, oval, pedunculate, purplish, but ultimately 

 brown, Sin. to 4in. long ; scales with a somewhat membranous 

 margin. Branches horizontal, rigid, tubulifonn, disposed in 

 distinct whorls ; branch lets flat, fan-like, very numerous and 

 thickly set. A. 60ft. to 80ft. Lebanon and Taurus in Syria, 1683. 

 This magnificent tree has well been called "The Patriarch of 

 the Tribe." See Figs. 388 and 389. There is a form called 

 argentea (silvery) which has highly glaucous foliage, and also a 

 diminutive fonn, known as nana. 



C. L. brevifolia (short-leaved). The Cypress Cedar. This dis- 

 tinct variety differs principally from the type in its much shorter 

 leaves. 



CELANDINE. See Chelidonium. 



CELASTB.INE2B. An order of shrubs or small trees. 

 Flowers in axillary cymes, small, green, white, or purple ; 

 sepals and petals four to fiVe, imbricate. Fruit two to five- 

 celled, capsular or drupaceous. Leaves alternate, rarely 

 opposite, simple, stipulate. Well-known genera are : 

 Celastrus, Elwodendron, and Euonymus. 



CELASTRTJS (from Kelastros, the old Greek name 

 given by Theophrastus to the Privet). Staff-tree. OBD. 

 Celastrinece. Ornamental, hardy, greenhouse or stove, 

 mostly evergreen shrubs. Flowers green or white, small, 

 disposed in terminal racemes or panicles. Leaves alternate, 

 entire, or serrated with minute prickles. The stove and 

 greenhouse species thrive well in a mixture of loam, peat, 

 and sand ; and ripened cuttings will root freely in the same 

 sort of compost if a hand glass is placed over them ; those 

 requiring stove temperature, should be placed in heat. The 

 hardy species are well adapted for small shrubberies ; 

 they thrive in any common soil, and are easily increased 

 by layering the young shoots in autumn. C. scandens is an 

 excellent plant for covering bowers or trellis-work. 



C. cassinoides (Cassine-like). /. white ; pedicels two or three 

 together, axillary, very short. August. L ovate, acute at both 

 ends, serrated, permanent. Plant erect, smooth. A. 4ft. Canary 

 Islands, 1779. Greenhouse. 



C. edulis (edible). Synonymous with Catha edulis. 



C. lucldus (shining).* fl. white ; pedicels axillary, crowded, very 

 short April to September, fr. three-valved, naked. I. oval or 

 roundish, shining, marginated. A. 1ft to 3ft. Cape of Good 

 Hope, 1722. Plant erect, smooth, evergreen. Greenhouse. SYN. 

 Cassine concava. 



C. scandens (climbing).* jL pale yellow; racemes terminal. 

 May, June. I. oval, acuminated, serrated, Sin. long, 2in. broad. 

 Berries orange-coloured, three-cornered, three-seeded. North 

 America, 1736. Plant hardy, deciduous, smooth, climbing. 



CELERIAC. or TURNIP-ROOTED CELERY 



(Apium graveolens rapaceum). Biennial. A Turnip-rooted 

 variety of the garden Celery. It is very useful for soups 

 and similar purposes, is easy of cultivation, and tolerably 

 certain as to producing a crop. The seed may be sown in 

 the same way, and at the same time, as the ordinary Celery. 

 Cultivation. As soon as the seedlings are large enough, 

 prick them off, about Sin. apart, in boxes or on a spent 

 hotbed, and keep them there until they are of a good size, 

 when they should be planted out about 1ft. apart in the open 

 ground. They should have air to prevent them " drawing," 

 and be gradually hardened off before planting. The soil 

 can scarcely be too rich, and must be given plenty of water 

 during the summer. Unlike the ordinary Celery, this 

 variety (see Fig. 390) does not require trenches, as the 

 tops are seldom used. All lateral shoots and side roots 

 should be removed from the tubers during the summer, 

 if good large specimens are desired. Occasional hoeings 

 and plenty of water will be the most that is necessary in 

 after cultivation. The roots will be ready for use in 

 autumn, and may be stored in a shed, or lifted from the 

 ground when required for use. A little protection will 

 be necessary if the latter plan is adopted. This crop 

 materially helps the ordinary Celery, both for flavouring 

 purposes and for separate dishes. 



FIG. 390. CELERIAC, or TUR.MP-ROOTED CELERY. 

 CELERT (Apium graveolens). Hardy biennial, a 

 native of Britain. Found in a wild state growing in 

 wet ditches and marshy situations. This important 



FIG. 391. CELERY. 



and extremely popular vegetable (see Fig. 391) requires, 

 and well repays for, special attention in its cultivation. 

 One of the most open and best positions in the garden 

 should be selected for this crop, and the best farmyard 

 manure that can be obtained should be dug into the 



