294 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Cephalaria continued. 



species are too coarse to admit of their being grown in the 

 ordinary borders, but they are very desirable for natural- 

 ising in the wild garden, or other similar places. For 

 culture, see Dipsacus. 



C. tartarloa (Tartarian), ll.-heads yellow, large; paleas deep 

 green, white inside, ciliated. Summer. I. pinnate ; leaflets de- 

 current, oval-lanceolate, serrated. Stems striated, clothed with 

 retrograde villi at the base and on the petioles, h. 5ft. to 6ft. 

 Siberia, 1759. Perennial. 



Several other names occur in nurserymen's catalogues, but the 

 above-mentioned species is the best. 



Fio. 403. CEPHALOTUS FOLLICULARIS, showing Flower-spike and 

 Pitcher-like Leaves. 



CEPHALOTAXUS (from kephale, a head, and Taxus, 

 the Yew; referring to the general appearance of these 

 trees). Cluster-flowered Yew. ORD. Coniferce. A small 

 genus of coniferous plants, with Yew-like foliage. Flowers 

 dioecious, in clusters. Fruit large, plum-like, two or 

 three together. Leaves linear, two-rowed, sharply pointed. 

 Primary branches whorled, spreading. They are hardy, 

 and succeed in almost any soil, but do best in sheltered 

 spots. Propagated by seeds, or by cuttings. The latter 

 should be inserted in August or September, in sandy soil, 

 under handlights, or in a cold frame kept shaded during 

 bright weather. 



Ceplialotaxus continued. 



C. coriacea (coriaceous). A synonym of C. drupacea. 



C. drupacea (drupaceous).* I. yellowish, glossy green above, 

 glaucous beneath, crowded, lin. to 2in. long, linear, arranged in 

 two opposite rows. fr. purple, oval-oblong, about lin. in length. 

 h. 6ft. to 8ft. Japan, 1844. SYNS. C. coriacea, C. fceminea, Podo- 

 carpus coriacea. 



C. filiformis (thread-like). A synonym of C. Fortunei. 



C. foaminea (female). A synonym of C. drupacea. 



C. Fortunei (Fortune's).* 1. dark green above, lighter beneath, 

 Sin. or more long, gradually narrowing to a sharp point, arranged 

 in two rows. Branches long, slender, pendulous, h. 6ft. to 8ft. 

 China, 1848. Probably the species best adapted to the English 

 climate. SYNS. C. filiformis, C. mascula, and C. pendula. (B. M. 

 4449.) 



C. mascula (male). A synonym of C. Fortunei. 



C. pedunculata (peduncled).* Lord Harrington's Yew. I. bright 

 green above, marked with two broad glaucous lines beneath, 

 lin. to 2in. long, arranged in two rows. fr. large, drupaceous, 

 on long peduncles, h. 6ft. to 8ft. Japan, 1837. SYNS. Taxus 

 Harrinytoniana, T. sinensis. (G. C. n. s., xxi. 113.) The variety 

 f asticfiata( = Taxus Fortunei, T. japoniea)a,m\ 1'odwarpuskoraiana 

 is very distinct and ornamental, having bunches as erect as the 

 trunk, and the leaves scattered or spirally arranged around them. 

 C.p. spharalin differs principally in the globular, berry-like fruits. 

 (0:Ci .n. s., xxi. 117.) 



C. pendula (pendulous). A synonym of C. Fortunei. 



CEPHALOTUS (from kephalotes, headed ; in reference 

 to the filaments of the stamens being capitate). ORD. 

 Saxifragece. A very curious cool greenhouse herbaceous 

 perennial, thriving well in a mixture of chopped living 

 sphagnum and sandy, rough peat, well drained. It is very 

 important to ensiire porous material for its growth, admit- 

 ting a free circulation of water. A humid atmosphere in 

 summer is essential ; and to secure this, it is best to place a 

 bell glass over the pan in which the plant is grown. In 

 winter, less moisture, both at the roots and in the atmo- 

 sphere, is needed. Propagated by division, before new 

 growth commences; or by seeds. 



C. follicularis (follicled).* New Holland Pitcher-plant, ft. white, 

 small, on an erect scape. I. all radical and stalked ; some are 

 elliptical and flat, and others dilated into pitchers similar to the 

 ascidia of the genus Nepenthes. These pitchers vary from lin. to 

 Sin. hi length, and are dark green, tinged with purple; lid netted 

 with veins of reddish-pink. Plant almost stemless. h. 2in. to Sin. 

 West Australia, 1822. See Fig. 403. 



CERACEOUS. Wax-like. 



CERANTHERA. A small genus of African shrubs 

 or trees, now united to Alsodeia. 



CERASTIUM (from keras, a horn ; many of the 

 species have capsules exactly the form of an ox's horn). 

 Mouse-ear Chickweed. ORD. Caryophyllece. Decumbent 

 hairy hardy annual or perennial herbaceous plants. Flowers 

 white, small. The two species most generally cultivated are 

 Biebersteinii and tomentosum. These are grown princi- 

 pally on account of their silvery foliage. All are of very 

 easy culture in ordinary garden soil, or on the rockery. 

 They are readily propagated by divisions ; or by cuttings, 

 inserted in the open ground, and in a shady place, after 

 flowering. The species enumerated below are all peren- 

 nials. 



C. alpinum (alpine).* ft. white; panicles rather hairy, few- 

 flowered. June, July. I. ovate, elliptical, or oblong, covered 

 with long silky hairs, or nearly smooth, h. 2in. to 4in. Britain. 

 (Sy. En. B. 223.) 



C. Biebersteinii (Bieberstein's).* fl. white ; stalks erect, dichoto- 

 mous. Early summer. 1. woolly, ovate-lanceolate. Stems 

 branching, h. 6in. Tauria, 1820. Evergreen. Closely allied to C. 

 tomentosum, but with larger leaves and flowers. (B. M. 2782.) 

 C. Boissieri (Boissier's).* fl. white, large ; cymes regular, dicho- 

 tomous. Summer. I. sessile, .silvery, usually ovate-lanceolate, 

 acute, entire, h. 4in. to 1ft. Spain. 



C. grandiflorum (large-flowered). /. white, large, conspicuous ; 

 peduncles seven to fifteen-flowered, erect ; profusely produced. 

 Summer. I. narrow, acute, hoary or woolly ; margins somewhat 

 revolute. h. 6in. Eastern Europe. A strong-growing deciduous 

 species, and consequently should only be cultivated where plenty 

 of room can be allowed it. 



C. latifolium (broad-leaved), ft. white, solitary, or the peduncle 

 sparingly forked, larger than most of the other species. July. 

 I. ovate, slightly stalked, pale green, or slightly glaucous, h. Sin, 

 to6in. North Europe (Britain). Deciduous. (Sy. En. B. 224. ) 



