AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



325 



Chrysocoma continued. 



Composites. Pappus simple; receptacle naked; involucre 

 hemispherical 'or broadly bell-shaped, imbricate. All the 

 species of this genus (about eight) are ornamental, dwarf- 

 growing, South African shrubs. The one described below 

 (perhaps the only one in cultivation) succeeds best in 

 sandy peat. Cuttings of half -ripened shoots root freely in 

 sand, under a glass. 



FIG. 450. CHRYSOCOMA COMA-AUREA, showing Habit and 

 Flower-head. 



ear, 

 ope, 



C. Coma-aurea (golden hair).* fl.-heads yellow. June. I. lin 

 straight, smooth, decurrent at back. h. 2ft. Cape of Good H 

 1731. A greenhouse evergreen. See Fig. 450. (B. M. 1972.) 



C. Linosyris (Linosyris). fl.-heads yellow, in terminal, dense, 

 hemispheric corymbs. h. 1ft. to 2ft. Northern hemisphere 

 (Britain). Hardy perennial. 



CHRYSODIUM. See Acrostichum. 



CHRYSOGONUM (from chrysos, gold, and gonu, a 

 knee or joint; the flowers are generally produced at the 

 joints of the stem). ORD. Compositor. There are some 

 half-dozen plants referred to this genus ; two are Indian, 

 three Australian. The typical species (probably the only 

 one in cultivation) is described below. It is a very pretty, 

 hardy, herbaceous perennial, thriving best in a loamy 

 soil, with the addition of a little peat and leaf mould. 

 Propagated by dividing the roots, in spring. 

 C. virginianum (Virginian).* fl.-heads yellow; involucre about 



five-leaved ; receptacle paleaceous ; pappus a small, chaffy crown, 



three-toothed. May. I. somewhat ovate, bluntly serrated ; 



petioles longer than the leaves. A. 6in. United States. 



CHRYSOFHYLLTJM (from chrysos, gold, and phyl- 

 lon, a leaf ; referring to the colour of the under side of the 

 leaves). Star Apple. ORD. Sapotacece. Stove evergreen 

 trees. Flowers disposed in axillary, umbellate fascicles; 

 corolla campanulately rotate, with a five-parted, spreading 

 limb. Fruit globose, one to ten-celled. Leaves alternate, 

 entire. These plants are grown principally on account of 

 their ornamental foliage, as the fruit is not produced until 

 they have assumed a very considerable size. They require 

 potting in sandy loam and peat, in the proportion of two 

 parts of the former to one of the latter. An abundance of 

 heat and moisture is needed during the growing season, but 

 less during winter, though they must then by no means be 

 allowed to suffer from want of water, or the result will be 

 the loss of many leaves, and consequent disfigurement. 

 Chrysophyllums may be increased by cuttings of small, 

 well-ripened shoots, plunged in strong moist heat, or by 

 seeds, when procurable. 



C. argenteum (silvery-leaved). This species differs from C. Cainito 

 only in the silvery under surface of the leaves. West Indies, Ac. 

 C. Cainito (Cainito). fl. whitish, small. May. fr. large, rather 

 depressed, rose-coloured, mixed with green and yellow ; skin 

 smooth and glabrous; flesh soft, clammy, sweet, and hispid. 

 I. oblong, acute at the base and apex, Siin. to 4in. long, quite 

 glabrous above, but silky and rusty beneath. Branches clothed 

 with silky rusty down. h. 30ft. to 50ft. West Indies, 1737. 

 C. macrophyllum (large-leaved).* I. oblong-lanceolate, 6in. to 

 Sin. in length, and 2in. to 3in. in breadth, deep green above, 

 densely clothed on the under side when young with rich golden, 

 silky hairs, which gradually turn to chestnut-brown, h. 50ft. 

 Sierra Leone, 1824. A rare but magnificent plant. The foliage 

 assumes its full proportions when young. 



Chrysophyllnm continued. 

 C. monopyrenum (one-stoned), fl. whitish, small, fr. shining, 



purplish-black, in form like a small date. I. alternate, oval. 4in. 



to 5in. long, 2in. broad, h. 30ft. West Indies, 1812. (B. M. 3303.) 



CHB.YSOFSIS (from chrysos, gold, and opsis, aspect ; 

 in allusion to the golden blossoms). ORD. Composite. 

 Hardy, herbaceous perennials. Pappus of the ray and disk- 

 florets similar and double; the exterior short and sca'e- 

 like ; the inner of long, capillary bristles. Some of the 

 species make excellent subjects for naturalising in a shrub- 

 bery or in the rougher parts of borders. They are easily 

 grown in common soil. Propagated by division in spring. 

 C. falcate (sickle-shaped), fl.-heads yellow, small, corymbose. 



August. I. crowded, linear, rigid, entire, somewhat recurved or 



scythe-shaped, sessile, h. 4in. to lOin. New Jersey. 

 C. marJftlHV (Maryland), fl.-heads yellow, corymbose, on glandular 



peduncles. August to October. I. oblong, h. lift, to 2ft 



New York. Plant silky with long and weak hairs, or, when 



old, smoothish. 

 C. trichophylla (hairy-leaved), fl.-heads yellow. June. I. 



narrow-oblong, sub-acute, hairy. Stem slender, 1ft. to 3ft. high. 



South United States, 1827. 

 C. villosa (villous). fl.-heads yellow. July to September. L 



narrowly oblong, hoary with rough pubescence (as is also the 



involucre), bristly-ciliate towards the base. Stem corymbosely 



branched, the branches terminated by single, short-peduncled 



heads. North America. 



CHRYSOSFIiENIUM (from chrysos, gold, and 

 splen, the spleen ; in reference to the golden colour of 

 the flowers, and the supposed virtue of the plant in 

 diseases of the spleen). Golden Saxifrage. ORD. Saxi- 

 frageos. Hardy, perennial herbs. Flowers yellow, some- 

 what corymbose. Leaves thickish, simple, petiolate, toothed. 

 The two native species, alternifolium and oppositifolium, 

 are not very showy plants, but constitute pretty ornaments 

 for damp, boggy places. They grow about Gin. high and 

 are very easily propagated by divisions. 



CHRYSOSTEMMA TRIFTERIS. See Core- 

 opsis tripteris. 



CHRYSOXYLON. A synonym of Fogonopus 

 (which see). 



CHBiYSUBUS. Asynonym of Lamarckia (which see). 

 CHYMOCARFUS FENTAFHYLLUS. See Tro- 

 paeoluni pentaphyllum. 



FIG. 451. CHYSIS BRACTESCENS. 



CHYSIS (from chysis, melting ; in reference to the 

 fused appearance of the pollen masses). OBD. Orchideae. 

 A small but beautiful genus of stove, deciduous epiphytes. 

 Flowers very showy, colours bright, texture firm, and the 

 surface even and waxy ; lip beautifully marked. Psoudo- 



