332 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Cistus continued. 



artificial heat in about sii weeks. When the plants are 

 Bomewhat advanced, they should be gradually hardened 

 off. Great care must, however, be taken to shade them 

 from too much sunshine, and to keep them regularly 

 watered. When they are about lin. high, they may be 

 transferred to small pots; this shift enables them to be 

 placed in a frame to re-establish. A few plants should be 

 kept in the frame during the winter, and removed out 

 of doors in spring, when the weather becomes mild and 

 genial. In all cases, a slight protection from frost will 

 reduce the chances of their being destroyed by an extra 

 severe winter. Cuttings should be made from Sin. to 4in. 

 in length ; they may be struck in spring or autumn, in 

 sandy peat, under glass, shade and water being given 

 until roots are formed. The plants should then be potted 

 off singly into a compost of rich loam and leaf mould, and 

 finally planted out ; but it is always advisable to reserve 

 duplicates in pots for winter protection, so as to be able 

 to replace in the event of loss. 



Many of the names here given simply represent varying 

 forms of a few species. As, however, they are distinct 

 for gardening purposes, they are mentioned under the 

 by which they are known in horticultural works. 



FIG. 457. FLOWERING BRANCH OP CISTUS LADAMFERUS 

 MACULATUS. 



C. albldus (white).' fl. thre 

 bellate ; petals pile purple, 

 I. sessile, oblong-elliptical, 



fl. three to eight, terminal, somewhat um- 

 llow at the base, imbricate. June. 

 hoary-tomentose, somewhat three- 



, yellow at the base, imbricate. June. 

 sue, , , 



nerved. h. 2ft. South-western Europe, 1640. (S. C. 31.) 

 C. 

 one 



ndidissimns (whitest). /. pale rose-coloured ; peduncles 

 to eight-flowered, shorter than the leaves. June. I. ovate- 

 elliptical, acute, densely clothed with hoary tomentum, three- 

 nerved ; footstalks short and sheathing at the base, with pilose 

 margins. A. 4ft. Grand Canary Islands, 1817. SYN. Rhodoeistus 

 Berthelotianus. (S. C. 3.) 



C. Clusli (Clusius's). fl. white, somewhat capitate. July. I. 

 somewhat three-nerved, linear, with revolute margins : under 

 surface canescent; bracts pilose, broadly ovate, acuminate, ciliato, 



C. creticns (Cretan). fl., petals purple, yellow at the base, imbri- 

 cate ; sepals villous ; peduncles one-flowered. June. 1. spathu- 

 late-ovate, tomentosely-hairy, wrinkled, drawn out along the 

 fl 10 ih lk ' a ^. d waved on the mar gi n - h - 2ft. Crete, 1731. 



. - - . , 



S F. G. 495.) This, and some other species in the Levant, yield 

 labdanum, a resin which was largely used as a medicine during 

 the prevalence of the Plague. It is collected by whipping the 

 plants with long thongs attached to a rake like frame, The resin 



Cistus continued. 



adhering to the straps. At the present time, it is principally used 

 as a perfume in Turkey. 



C. crispus (curled).* fl. almost sessile, three or four together, 

 somewhat umbellate ; petals red -purple. June. I. sessile, linear- 

 lanceolate, undulately-curled, three-nerved, wrinkled, pubescent. 

 h. 2ft. South-western Europe, 1656. (S. C. 22.) 



C. Cupanianns (Cupani's). fl. white, with a spot of yellow at 

 the base of each petal ; peduncles pilose, two to three-flowered ; 

 petals imbricated; sepals villous. June. I. stalked, cordate- 

 ovate, wrinkled, reticulately-veined ; upper surface scabrous ; 

 under surface covered with fascicled hairs ; margin fringed. Stem 

 erect, h. 2ft. Sicily. (S. C. 70.) 



C. cyprius (Cyprus). /., petals white, with a dark spot at the 

 base, imbricated ; peduncles generally many-flowered. June. I. 

 stalked, oblong-lanceolate ; upper surface glabrous ; under surface 

 clothed with hoary tomentum. A. 4ft. Cyprus, 1800. (S. C.39.) 



C. formosus. See Helianthcmum formosum. 



C. heterophyllus (various-leaved).* fl., corolla red, yellow at 

 the base, large ; petals imbricate ; peduncles hairy, leafy, one- 

 together. _ June. I. ovate-lanceolate, on 



flowered, one to three 



short footstalks, which are sheathing at the 



lute. A. 2ft. Algiers. (S. C. 6.) 



! ; margins revo- 



C. hirsutus (hairy).* fl., petals white, with a yellow mark at the 

 base of each, imbricate ; peduncles short, one-flowered, or cymose, 

 many-flowered. June. t. sessile, oblong, blunt and hairy. A. 2ft. 

 South-west Europe, 1656. (S. C. 19.) 



C. incanus (hoary). A synonym of C. villosus. 



C. ladaniferns (labdanum-bearing).* Gum Cistus. ft. white, 

 large, terminal, solitary; petals imbricate. June. I. almost 

 sessile, connate at the base, linear-lanceolate, three-nerved ; upper 

 surface glabrous ; under surface tomentose. A. 4ft. Spain, 1629. 

 (S. C. 84.) At one time, it was believed that this species furnished 

 the labdanum of commerce. 



C. 1. maculatus (spotted).* /..petals white, each marked near 

 the base with a dark blood-coloured spot. See Fig. 457. (S. C. 1.) 



C. latifoUus (broad-leaved).* fl., petals white, with a yellow spot 

 at the base of each, imbricated ; sepals villous ; peduncles 

 bracteate, long, somewhat cymose, pilose. May. I. stalked, 

 broad, cordate, acute, with curled, waved, denticulated, ciliated 

 margins. A. 3ft. Barbary, 1656. (S. C. 15.) 



C. laurifolius (Laurel-leaved), fl. white, with a yellow mark at 

 the base of each petal, large, umbellate. June. I. stalked, 

 ovate-lanceolate, three-nerved ; upper surface glabrous ; under 

 surface tomentose ; footstalks dilated and connate at the base. 

 A. 4ft South-west Europe, 1731. (S. C. 52.) 



C. laxns (loose).* fl. white, with a yellow spot at the base of each 

 petal, cymose; peduncles and calyx hairy. July. I. on short 

 footstalks, ovate-lanceolate, acuminated, with wavy, somewhat 

 toothed margins, smoothish ; upper ones hairy. A. 3ft. South 

 Europe, 16567 (S. C. 12.) 



C. longifollns Gong-leaved).* fl. white, with a yellow mark at the 

 base of each petal ; peduncles cymose. June. I. on short foot- 

 stalks, oblong-lanceolate, with waved and pubescent margins ; 

 under surface veiny. Spain and South of France, 1800. 



C. monspeliensis (Montpelier).* fl. white, middle-sized ; petals 

 imbricate, crenate ; peduncles pilose, cymose, somewhat secund. 

 July. {. linear-lanceolate, sessile, three-nerved, clammy, villous 

 on both surfaces. A. 4ft. South Europe, 1656. (S. C. 27.) 



C. m. florentinns (Florentine).* fl., petals white, yellow at the 

 base, imbricate ; peduncles villous, generally three-flowered. 

 June. I. narrow-lanceolate, wrinkled, reticulated on the under 

 surface ; almost sessile. A. 3ft. Italy, 1825. A hybrid between 

 numspeliensis and salvifolius. (S. C. 59.) 



C. oblonglfolins (oblong-leaved).* fl. white, with a yellow spot at 

 the base of each, concave, imbricated ; peduncles cymose. June. 

 I. on short footstalks, oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, pubescent and 

 waved at the margins ; under surface veiny. Branches hispid- 

 villous. A. 4ft. Spain. (S. C. 67.) 



C. obtusifolius (blunt-leaved).* /., petals white, with * yellow 

 spot at the base of each, imbricated ; peduncles terminal, cymose, 

 many-flowered. June. I. almost sessile, tapering to the base, 

 ovate-oblong, obtuse, wrinkled, clothed with starry pubescence ; 

 margins somewhat denticulated. A. 1ft. to Ijft. Crete. 

 (S. C. 42.) 



C. populifolius (Poplar-leaved), fl. white, cymose; sepals 

 clammy ; peduncles bracteate, bracts oblong. May to June. I. 

 stalked, cordate, acuminate, wrinkled, smooth. A. 3ft. South- 

 western Europe, 1656. (S. C. 23.) 



C. psilosepalus (smooth-sepaled).* /. somewhat cymose; pe- 

 duncles hairy-tomentose ; sepals with long points, glabrous, 

 shining, edges ciliated ; petals broad-cuneated, imbricated, white, 

 with a yellow mark at the base of each. June to August, I. on 

 short footstalks, oblong-lanceolate, three-nerved, acute, with un- 

 d^ilated margins, which are somewhat denticulated and ciliated, 

 rather hairy. A. 2ft. to 3ft. Native country unknown. (S. C. 33.) 



C. purpureus (purple).* /., petals reddish-purple, marked at the 

 base with a dark purple spot, imbricate ; peduncles one, two, or 

 three together. June. I. oblong-lanceolate, acuminated at both 

 ends, wrinkled ; footstalks short, hairy, sheathing. A. 2ft. Levant. 

 (S. C. 17.) 



