AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



341 



Cleome cont in ued. 



They should be raised from seeds in spring, in a frame, 

 with slight warmth, potted off singly, and hardened sub- 

 seqnently, so as to be planted ont in May, when they 

 should be vigorous plants. Cleomes thrive best in light 

 rich soil, in a dry, warm situation, where they have plenty 

 of room to spread. The stove shrubby species also require 

 a light rich soil, and ripened cuttings root readily under 

 a hand glass, in moderate heat ; but as they produce seed 

 freely, this will be unnecessary. The stove annuals are 

 of easy culture. 



C. arborea (tree-like). JL white. June. I., leaflets seven, with 

 about twenty veins on each. A. 6ft. to 8ft. Caraccas, 1817. Stove 

 shrub, velvety-pubescent, somewhat clammy. 

 C. gigantea (gigantic).* fl. whitish -green, with pinkish filaments 

 and yellow anthers. June. I, seven-foliolate, with thirty to 

 forty veins on each leaflet. Plant velvety-pubescent, somewhat 

 clammy. A. 6ft. to 12ft. South America, 1774. This is a beauti- 

 ful stove shrub, but has a strong disagreeable smell, and a caustic 

 taste. (B. M. 3137.) 



C. pungens (pungent).* Jl. white, flesh-coloured, or rose, with 

 purplish stamens and brownish anthers. July. I. prickly, 

 covered with clammy hairs, with five to seven leaflets; bracts 

 simple, cordate, or ovate, A. 1ft. to 3ft West Indies, Ac., 1817. 

 Stove annual. SYN. C. spinosa. See Fig. 474. (B. M. 1640.) 

 C. rosea (rose).* fl. beautiful rose-coloured. June. L, leaflets 

 quinate; lower and floral ones ternate; uppermost ones ovate, 

 sessile. Stem erect, branched. A. IJft. Rio Janeiro, 1824. An 

 unarmed, smooth, stove biennial. (B. R. 960.) 

 C. speciosissima (showiest). Jl. beautiful rose-coloured. July. 

 L, leaflets five to seven, lanceolate, acuminate, pilose. A. lift. 

 Mexico, 1829. An unarmed hardy annual. (B. R. 1312.) 

 C. spinosa (prickly). Synonymous with C. pungent. 



CLERODENDRON (from kleros, chance, and den- 

 dron, a tree ; said to be owing to the uncertainty of 

 the medicinal qualities). STNS. Ovieda, Siphonantha, 

 Volkameria, and Volkmannia. OED. Verbenacece. A 

 genus containing about seventy species of mostly stove 

 or greenhouse ornamental plants, having terminal pani- 

 cles of brightly coloured pentamerous flowers, with ex- 

 serted stamens and style ; and simple leaves. These 

 are among the best of stove plants, and in habit of 

 growth present two sections, one with a climbing habit, 

 and the other shrubby. A mixture of equal parts peat 

 and loam, with the addition of a little leaf mould or decom- 

 posed manure, and some charcoal or sand, suits the climb- 

 ing ones admirably. The shrubby sorts have more gross 

 foliage, and need something stronger to enable them to throw 

 up their large panicles of rich scarlet and other coloured 

 flowers. They should be cut close back soon after flower- 

 ing, and be kept somewhat dry during the winter, in a 

 temperature of about 55deg. Propagation is very easily 

 effected. Cuttings of the shrubby sorts, put in when the 

 plants are cut down, root readily. Pieces of the stem, 

 or side branches, from Sin. to Gin. or more in length, should 

 be inserted in sandy soil, watered, and then plunged in a 

 bottom heat of 70deg. Clerodendrons may also be pro- 

 pagated by seed, which, if sown when ripe, or in the spring, 

 and grown on in heat, may be converted into flowering 

 plants the second season. The climbing varieties do not 

 root quite so readily from cuttings as the other section; 

 but cuttings of the ripened wood, when the plants are 

 pruned after flowering, should be put in sandy soil, and 

 covered with a bell glass. 



Clerodendrons are subject to mealy bug, but not more 

 so than many other stove plants. The best cure for this 

 pest is constant attention by hand-pickings, and washing 

 with soft soap water or an insecticide. By such means, it 

 may be readily kept in check, though rarely absolutely 

 destroyed. Aphides sometimes attack the young and 

 tender shoots; these may be destroyed, as soon as detected, 

 by fumigating, two evenings in succession not too 

 strongly, or injury may be caused. 



As the plants shed their leaves, little or no water will 

 be needed during winter, but they should not be kept 

 in too low a temperature. In January or February, they 

 should be started in a brisk heat. When those in pots 

 have grown a few inches, they should be shaken out, 



Clerodendron continued. 



and potted in fresh soil. If they can be plunged in bottom 

 heat for a time, they will thrive all the better and grow 

 faster. Of course, climbing Clerodendrons, planted out in 

 the stove, cannot be removed into a lower temperature; 

 but the stove may be kept cooler in winter say, a mini- 

 mum temperature of GOdeg. and, as the wood has grown 

 so near the glass, it will generally be sufficiently ripened 

 to flower well the succeeding season. C. Thomsons 

 is one of the most distinct and useful of stove climbers, 

 and is also a good exhibition plant when well grown in 

 a large pot. C. fallax is one of the best shrubby species. 

 C. Bethuneanum (Capt. Bethnne's).* JL crimson, with a white 



spot on the upper, and a purple one on the two lateral lobes ; 



panicles large, terminal, pyramidal ; bracts, pedicels and calyces 



all coloured. I large, cordate-acuminate, smooth above. A. 10ft 



Borneo, 1847. Stove shrub. (B. M. 4485.) 

 C. Bungei (Bunge's). A synonym of C. fcetidum. 

 C. calamitosum (calamitous). JL white. August A. 4ft India, 



1823. Stove. (B. M. 5294.) 

 C. fallax (deceptive). /. bright scarlet ; panicles terminal, erect, 



many-flowered. August and September. L large, cordate-ovate, 



slightly lobed, dark green. Java. An erect-growing stove 



shrub. 



C. fcetidum (foetid).* JL lilac-rose, in dense terminal corymbs. 

 ubescent, cordate-acuminate, toothed, on 



August L large, pub 

 slender petioles. A. 5ft 



, 

 China, 1820. A handsome greenhouse 



or nearly hardy shrub. Armed with short rigid prickles. SYN. 

 C.Bungei. (B. M. 4880.) 



C. fragrans (fragrant).* JL white; corymb terminal, hemi- 

 spherical, compact. August to December. I. sub-cordate, serrate, 

 pubescent, with two glands at the base. A. 6ft China, 1790. 

 Greenhouse. (B. M. 1834.) 



C. f. flore-pleno (double-flowered).* Jl. white, suffused with pink, 

 very fragrant, disposed in compact heads. October. 1. roundish- 

 ovate or obovate, quite entire. A. 6ft China, 1790. Greenhouse 

 shrub. 



C. hastatnm (spear-leaved). Jl. white, very fragrant, produced 

 in a large panicle. June. 1. large, halbert- shaped. A. 6ft. 

 India, 1825. Stove shrub. (B. M. 3398.) 



C. Infortnnatrim (unfortunate). JL vivid scarlet, large, disposed 

 in coloured panicles. I. roundish-cordate, glossy dark ^reen. 

 A. 6ft Ceylon. Stove shrub, very ornamental when in flower. 

 (B. R. 30, 19.) 



C. myricoldes (Myrica-like). JL white, blue, disposed in fascicled 

 axillary cymes. Spring. L oblong-lanceolate or obovate, toothed. 

 Tropical Africa. A dwarf stove shrub. SYN. Cyclonema myri- 

 MJHB 







",. panicnlatum (panicled). JL sea 

 pyramidal terminal panicle. Augus 

 cordate-hastate, lobed at the margin, : 



FIG. 475. CLERODENDRON SQUAMATOM, showing Flowering Branch 

 and Single Flower. 



scarlet disposed in a large 

 "August L large, long-stalked, 



margin, and somewhat shiny above. 



A. 6ft Java, 1809. A very handsome stove shrub. (B. R. 406.) 



C. scandens (climbing).* fl, white ; corymbs many, axillary, and 

 terminal. August 1 cordate-ovate, acuminate, entire. Plant 

 downy ; stems tetragonal, scandent Guinea, 1822. Stove. 

 (B. M. 4354.) 



C. Berotinnm (late). /. pure white, sweet-scented, produced 

 in large corymbose panicles, 1ft or more across; calyx rose- 

 coloured, angular- L cordate, decussate. A. 10ft China. 1867. 



