342 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Clerodendron continued. 



A much-branched greenhouse or half-hardy shrub. (R. H. 1867, 



351.) 

 C. Siphonanthus (siphon-flowered). Tube Flower, fl. white. 



A. 6ft. India, 1796. Stove. SYN. Siphonanthus indica. 

 C. spociosum (showy).* fl. rich deep rose ; calyx large, suffused 



with red. I. oblong-ovate, glabrous. A very ornamental climbing 



hybrid. (I. H. 5930 

 C. splendens (splendid).*/, scarlet ; panicle terminal, corymbose. 



June, July. I. oblong, wavy, acuminated, rather cordate at base 



Sierra Leone, 1839. Stove climber. (B. B. 28, 7.) 

 C. s. speciosissima (showiest).* A. bright scarlet, disposed in 



panicles. Summer. I. somewhat oblong, of a deep shining green. 



A very handsome form of the foregoing species, and one of the 



best stove climbers grown. 

 C. squamattun (scaled).* /. bright scarlet, produced in large 



coloured branching panicles. Summer. I. roundish-cordate, ft. 



10ft. China, 1790. A very fine stove shrub. See Fig. 475. (B. R. 



8, 649.) 

 C. Thomsons (Mrs. Thomson's).* fl. bright crimson, disposed in 



large panicles ; calyces pure white. I. ovate, acuminate, smooth, 



dark green, opposite. A. 12ft. Old Calabar, 1861. On account 



of the brilliant colour of its flowers, and the freedom with which 



they are produced, this is the most widely grown stove climber 



of the genus. (B. M. 5313.) 

 C. trlchotomum (three-forked). /., calyx red, inflated ; corolla 



white ; cymes loose, terminal, long-stalked, trichotomously- 



branched. September. I. stalked, ovate, tapering at both ends, 



serrate, h. 6ft Japan, 1800. A very handsome hardy shrub. 



(B. M. 6561.) 

 C. viscosum (clammy). JL white, with flesh-coloured centre ; 



calyx large, five-cornered, viscid ; segments of corolla nearly equal, 



the uppermost a little the largest, irregularly disposed, looking 



all upwards, leaving a wide space between two of them. May to 



August. I. cordate, toothed. Somewhat downy, ft. 6ft. India, 



1796. (B. M. 1805.) 



CLETHRA (from Elethra, the Greek name of the 

 Alder; in allusion to the resemblance in the leaves). 

 OBD. Ericaceae. Very ornamental deciduous greenhouse 

 or hardy shrubs or trees. Flowers bracteate ; corolla so 

 deeply five-parted as to appear made up of five free 

 petals. Racemes terminal, solitary, or paniculate. The 

 hardy species thrive best in loam and sandy peat, 

 without dung. From their dwarf and neat habit, 

 they are well adapted for growing in the front of 

 shrubberies, where the proper soil is present. They are 

 usually increased by layers, put down in autumn; but 

 cuttings root readily at the same season, in sandy soil, 

 under a hand glass. The greenhouse species are very 

 suitable for large conservatories, for which purpose few 

 plants are more beautiful than C. arborea; they thrive 

 in the soil above recommended, and cuttings taken from 

 half-ripened wood will root freely in gentle heat. All 

 may be raised from seed, which, in most of the species, 

 ripen in abundance. 



C. acuminata (taper - pointed).* fl. white, fragrant; racemes 

 spicate, almost solitary, bracteate, clothed with white tomen- 

 tum. July to October. I. oval, acuminated, bluntish at the 

 base, serrated, glabrous on both surfaces, rather glaucous 

 beneath. A. 10ft. to 15ft. Carolina, 1806. Hardy shrub. 



C. alnifolia (Alder-leaved).* fl. white ; racemes spicate, simple, 

 bracteate, clothed with hoary tomentum. July to September. 

 I. cuneate-obovate, acute, coarsely serrated above, glabrous on 

 both surfaces, and of the same colour. A. 3ft to 4ft. United 

 States, 1731. Hardy shrub. (G. W. P. A. 22.) 



C. arborea (tree), fl. white; racemes spike - formed, panicled 

 at the tops of the branches. August to October. I. oblong, 

 attenuated, lanceolate, glabrous on both surfaces, serrated. 

 A. 8ft. to 10ft. Madeira, 1784. Greenhouse tree. (B. M. 1057.) 

 There are two varieties of this species, one a smaller kind, and 

 the other with variegated leaves. 



C. paniculata (panicled).* fl. white, fragrant ; panicle terminal, 

 elongated, composed of racemes, and clothed with white to- 

 mentum. July to October. I. narrow, cuneate-lanceolate, acute, 

 acuminately serrated, glabrous on both surfaces. A. 3ft. to 

 4ft. Carolina, 1770. Hardy shrub. 



white ; racemes spicate, sub- 



. sea or a ^rougn). ji. white ; racemes spicate, sub-panicled, 

 bracteated, finely tomentose. July to October. I. broad, 

 cuneate-obovate, acute, scabrous on both surfaces, coarsely ser- 

 rated ; serratures hooked. A. 3ft. to 4ft. Georgia, 1806. Hardy 

 shrub. 

 C. tinlfolla (Tinus- leaved), fl. white; racemes spike-formed, 



rnicled at the tops of the branches, tomentose. Summer, 

 oblong-lanceolate, quite entire, hoary beneath. A. 12ft to 14ft. 

 Jamaica, 1825. Greenhouse tree. 



Clethra continued. 



C. tomentosa (tomentose).* /. white ; racemes spicate, 

 simple, bracteate, villously tomentose. July to October. I. 

 cuneate-obovate, acute, finely serrated at top, clothed with white 

 tomentum beneath. A. 3ft. to 4ft. Virginia, 1731. Hardy shrub. 

 (VV. D. B. 39.) 



CLEYERA (named after Andrew Cleyor, M.D., a 

 Dutch physician of the seventeenth century, once resi- 

 dent in Batavia). OED. Temstromiacece. Greenhouse ever- 

 green shrubs, with the habit of Ternstromia. Flowers 

 small, axillary, stalked, sometimes fragrant. Leaves alter- 

 nate, undivided, leathery, similar to those of a Camellia. 

 For culture, &c., see Ternstromia. 



C.J 



sol 



(Japanese), fl. whitish-yellow, fragrant, axillary, 

 . I. oblong-lanceolate, veinless, serrulated at the apex. 

 A. 6ft. " Japan, 1820. (S. Z. F. J. 81.) 



C. J. tricolor (three-coloured). I. dark green, with longitudinal 

 and oblique bands of greyish-green ; margin creamy-white, and 

 tinged with bright rose - colour, which is very conspicuous in 

 the younger foliage. A very handsome variegated greenhouse 

 plant 



C. theoides (Tea-like), fl. cream -white, drooping, iin. in dia- 

 meter, solitary, on axillary, one-flowered peduncles. September. 

 I. alternate on short petioles, coriaceous, elliptic-lanceolate, acute, 

 serrated. A. 4ft. to 5ft. Jamaica, 1850. SYN. Freziera theoides. 

 (B. M. 4546.) 



CLIANTHUS (from kleios, glory, and anthos, a 

 flower; referring to the handsome flowers). Glory Pea; 

 Glory Vine; Parrot Beak. OBD. Leguminosce. A genus 

 containing a couple of species, one of which is a half- 

 hardy evergreen, tall - growing, climbing shrub, and the 

 other an herbaceous perennial. Flowers brilliantly coloured, 

 large, about 2in. long, in short pendulous axillary ra- 

 cemes ; petals acuminate ; standard or vexillum reflexed. 

 Leaves impari-pinnate ; leaflets small, numerous, oblong ; 

 stipules foliaceous, adnate, permanent. These plants, with 

 truly gorgeously-coloured flowers, were, at one time, ex- 

 tensively cultivated in the greenhouse; but, from their 

 great liability to the attacks of red spider, and the diffi- 

 culty often found in cultivating one of the species 

 G. Dampieri they have now become somewhat neglected. 

 Spider may be kept down considerably by syringing with 

 clean water daily throughout the growing season. Scale 

 sometimes attacks the plants, but careful hand-picking, 

 and sponging with Fowler's Insecticide, prevent these 

 doing much injury. Loamy soil, with a little leaf soil and 

 charcoal added, is most suitable for Clianthus. It should 

 not be sifted, but broken up by hand, and pressed firmly 

 in the pots. After potting, the plants should be placed 

 in a pit with other hard-wooded subjects, and kept close 

 for a few weeks, being syringed daily. C. Dampieri is 

 a very fastidious subject in a young state, as injury to 

 the roots invariably causes the death of the plants. When 

 allowing more root room, the plan is sometimes adopted 

 of knocking the bottom out of the old pot, and placing 

 the ball with the remainder in the new soil. Training 

 must be regularly attended to, in order to keep the 

 bases of the plants well furnished, as the wood, when 

 old, is very liable to break off. If it is desirable to 

 keep the plants in pots, they can be either trained out 

 on sticks or a trellis, or on pillars or walls, for which 

 purpose they are well adapted. Thorough drainage must 

 be insured when planting out, and the compost may be 

 the same as for potting, a depth of about 18in. being 

 sufficient. Abundance of water must be given at the 

 roots, and the syringe freely used. When grown in pots, 

 the plants will require shifting annually during March or 

 April, previous to which all the laterals should be pruned 

 hard back, and the leading shoots also shortened. The 

 same treatment as regards pruning applies to those planted 

 out. Cuttings of C. puniceus strike easily in sand, on 

 bottom heat. When established, this species grows vigor- 

 ously, and forms a fine subject for a rafter in the con- 

 servatory, or for pot culture. C. Dampieri is best raised 

 from seeds, which should be sown singly, in good-sized 

 pots, when the necessity of first shifting will be obviated. 

 Pots Sin. in diameter are none too large; and if the seeds 



