AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



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CONTZA (from konis, dust ; because it was supposed 

 to have the power, when powdered and sprinkled, of 

 driving away flies). Fleabane. OBD. Compotitce. A 

 rather extensive genus of stove, greenhouse, and hardy 

 herbaceous plants, rarely shrubby. The involucre is cam- 

 panulate, with from two to several series of linear or 

 linear-lanceolate bracts; receptacle flat or convex, naked 

 or foveolate ; disk-florets yellow, those of the ray paler in 

 colour. Leaves alternate, entire, toothed (rarely out). 

 There are about fifty species, most of which are confined 

 to tropical and sub-tropical regions of both hemispheres. 

 They are mainly of botanical interest only, and do not 

 call for further mention in this work. 



COOZIA (named after Captain James Cook, B.N., the 

 celebrated circumnavigator, who was killed in the Sand- 

 wich Islands in 1779). Wampee-tree. OBD. Rutaceas. 

 Small greenhouse trees. Leaves impari-pinnate ; leaflets 

 alternate, unequal at the base, or oblique. They thrive 

 well in a mixture of loam and sandy peat. Bipened cut- 

 tings, not deprived of any of their leaves, will root in 

 sandy soil, if plunged under a hand glass, in a moist 

 heat. This genus is now merged into Clavtena, and the 

 proper name of the species below mentioned is Clautena 

 Wampi. 



C. punctate (spotted). JL white, small, disposed in racemose 

 panicles. Jr. edible, about the size of a pigeon's egg, yellow on 

 the outside ; pulp white, rather acrid, but sweet. June and July. 

 L, leaflets ovate-lanceolate, acuminated, hardly unequal at the 

 base. h. 20ft. Probably a native of China, 1795. A middle-sized 

 tree, now cultivated (and partly naturalised) in many tropical 

 countries. 



COOPERIA (named after Mr. Joseph Cooper, a 

 very successful cultivator, and at one time gardener at 

 Wentworth House, in Yorkshire, the residence of Earl 

 Fitzwilliam). OBD. AmarylUdeae. Closely allied to 

 Zephyranthes. There are two species of this genus 

 in cultivation, with solitary Primrose-scented flowers, 

 which are remarkable in the order, on account of their 

 expanding during the night. They are hardy only in 

 sheltered situations. For culture, propagation, Ac., tee 

 Zephyr an thes. 



C. Drummondi (Drummond's). JL white, the tube changing to 

 red ; tube 4in. to Sin. long ; limb IJin. to 2in. across, with orate 

 segments. August, L linear, twisted, lOin. to 15m. long. A. 6in. 

 to 9in. Texas. (B. R, 1835.) 



C. pedunculate (pednncled). JL white, the peduncle more 

 developed, and the tube shorter, than in C, Drummondi. 

 Aneust. L linear-oblong, obtuse, glaucescent. Texas. (B. M. 



COPAIBA TAT.A See Copaifera officinalis. 



COPAIPERA (from Copaiba, the Brazilian name for 

 the balsam of Capevi, and fern, to bear ; trees producing 

 the balsam of Capevi). OBD. Leguminosce. Stove ever- 

 green trees. Flowers generally white, disposed in panicles. 

 Leaves impari-pinnate ; leaflets coriaceous. They thrive 

 in a sandy loam. Cuttings of firm shoots will root in sand, 

 in March, if placed in heat, under a glass. There are 

 about a dozen species (two of which are tropical African, 

 and tie rest tropical American), the best-known and 

 most important being C. officinalis. 

 C. Jacqulnl (Jacquin's). A synonym of C. ojfeinottc. 

 C. officinalis (officinal). Balsam of Copaiba, L with two to five 

 pairs of ovate, incurred, unequal-sided, bluntly acuminated leaf- 

 lets, full of pellucid dots. A. 20ft. West Indies and tropical 

 America, 1774. STS. a Jaeqwni. 



COPERNICIA (named in honour of the celebrated 

 German astronomer, Copernicus). OBD. Palmce. A very 

 small genus of about eight species of unarmed stove Palms, 

 with erect trunks, covered with the remnants of the leaf- 

 stalks. Flowers hermaphrodite or polygamous, on axillary 

 spadices. Leaves fan-shaped, palmate, tufted. For cul- 

 ture, tee Corypha. The best-known species, and the 

 only one worthy of being described here, is C. cerifera. 

 C. oerifera (wax-bearing).* Carnauba or Wax Palm of Brazil. 

 This species is of economic value ; the upper part of tne stem 

 yields a kind of sago ; the young leaves are coated with wax. 



Coperaicia continued. 



which is detached by shaking them, and then melted and run 



into cakes. Brazil. 



COPROSMA (from Icoprot, dung, and otme, a smell ; 

 in allusion to the fetid odour emitted by the plants). 

 OBD. Rubiacece. A genus comprising about thirty-five 

 species of greenhouse shrubs, the majority of which are 

 natives of New Zealand and the Sandwich Islands, a 

 few are from Australia and Oceania, and one from Juan 

 Fernandez. None are worth cultivating for the sake of 

 their flowers; but some deserve a place in a large con- 

 servatory for their small coral-red fruits. Cuttings 

 should be made in March, taken off with a heel of the 

 old wood, and placed in pots two-thirds filled with crocks, 

 above which is a thin layer of rich, light material, and on 

 the top a layer of sand. The pots should then be put 

 in brisk bottom heat, in a propagating frame. During 

 the time the cuttings are making root, only a very light 

 sprinkling with water should be given, or they will damp 

 off. When rooted, they should be potted into rich sandy 

 soil, and gradually hardened off in a cold frame. Another 

 method is to place the plants in a propagating bed, and 

 layer the shoots which overhang the pot. Old plants 

 should be potted in a similar compost to that recommended 

 above, and should be pruned into shape every year if 

 necessary. 



a Banerlana pletnrate (Bauer's painted).* L ovate, bluntly 

 rounded ; surface smooth, pale green, marked with blotches of 

 pale yellow and creamy-white, spreading out from the midrib to 

 one or both rides, aid assumSg a varfety of grotesque forms. 

 New Zealand, 1876. BnToMHC 



C. B. variegate (variegated).* L obovate, moderate-sized, 

 glossy, bnghT green in the centre, with very broad white mar- 

 ginal variegation, which is creamy-yellow in a young state. 

 Sew Zealand, 1866, This is of compact habit, and forms, in 

 time, a dense and handsome shrub. 

 a Stookil (Stock's). A synonym of C. Baveriana pietvnta. 



COPTIS (from Icopto, to cut ; in reference to the 

 numerous divisions of the leaves). OBD. Ranunculacete. 

 Very pretty little hardy evergreen bog plants, thriving 

 well in a moist peat or very sandy moist soil. They 

 may be propagated either by division of the roots, or 

 by seed. 



C. asplenllblto fAsplenium-leaved). JL white; scape two- 

 flowered, at first shorter than the leaves ; petals five, very long 

 and narrow, dilated and concave-cucullate in the middle, fill- 

 fonnly attenuated upwards. L biternate; leaflets somewhat 

 pinnatifid, acutely serrate. A. 1ft North-west America and 

 Japan. 



C. occidentals (WesternX* JL white; scape short, three- 

 flowered ; petals about six, not hooded. L trifoliolate ; leaflets 

 petiolnlate, broadly ovate. A. 6in. to 1ft Rocky Mountains. 

 C. orientalis (Eastern). JL white ; scape about three-flowered. 

 1. ternate, each of the divisions pinnate at base, and pinnatifid 

 above ; lobes deeply cut A. 3in. to 9in. Japan, 1873. 

 C. trifolia (three-leaved).* JL white, small ; scape one-flowered. 

 April to Julv. L trifoliolate: leaflets obovate, blunt, toothed, 

 hardly three-lobed. Roots bright yellow, fibrous. A. Sin. to 5m. 

 Northern hemisphere, 1782. (B. XL PL S.) 



CORAL BERRY. A common name for Symphori- 

 carpus volffaris (.which tee). 



CORAIt-BUSH. A name applied to Templetonia 

 retusa (which see). 



CORAL-TREE. A common name for the genus 

 Erythxina (which see). 



CORBULARIA. See Narcissus. 



CORCHORUS (from ioreo, to purge, and tore, the 

 pupil; in allusion to the supposed medicinal qualities of 

 C. oUtoriut). OBD. Tiliaeeae. A genus of small shrubs 

 or herbs. Peduncles opposite the leaves or axillary, one, 

 two, or three-flowered; corolla yellow, small. Leaves 

 simple, serrated, covered with simple or stellate hairs. 

 C. capsularit (Jute Plant) and C. olitoriut are stove 

 annuals, natives of India, both attaining a height of 6ft. 

 They have no horticultural value. 



