378 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Coreopsis continued. 

 C. tripteria (three-winged). fl.-head yellow and brown; disk 



turning brownish. Autumn. I. opposite, stalked, three to five- 



divided ; leaflets lanceolate, acute, entire, h. 4ft. to 9ft. United 



States. Perennial. The flower-heads, when bruised, exhale the 



odour of Anise. SYN. Chrysostemma tripteris (under which name 



it is figured B. M. 3553). 

 C. vcrticillata (whorled). fl.-heads rich golden yellow, IJin. 



across, numerous, erect, solitary on the ends of the many sub- 



divisions of the branches. Summer. /. much divided into linear 



segments, whorled. Stem furrowed, branched. A. 1ft. to 2ft. 



United States, 1780. Perennial. SYN. C. tenuifolia. See Fig. 523. 



CORETHROSTYLIS (from korethron, a broom, and 

 stylos, a style ; referring to the consolidated styles being 

 clothed with hairs). OBD. Sterculiacece. There are about 

 eight species, all from Australia, which may be referred 

 to this genus. It is, however, now generally sunk under 

 Lasiopetalum. Greenhouse evergreen shrubs, thriving best 

 in a compost of peat and silver sand, with the addition 

 of a little charcoal. Propagated by cuttings of young or 

 half-ripened wood, inserted in sandy soil, under a bell glass. 

 C. bracteata (bracteate). fl. rose-coloured, cymosely racemose, 



opposite the leaves ; bracts leafy, rose-coloured. April. I. 



cordate, entire. Plant beset with stellate hairs, h. 3ft. 1843. 



(B. R. 1844, 47.) 



CORIACEOUS. Of the consistence of leather ; thick 

 and tough. 



CORIANDER. See Coriandnuo. 



CORIANDRUM (a name used by Pliny, derived 

 from coris, a bug ; in reference to the foetid smell of the 

 leaves). Coriander. , ORD. Umbelliferae. C. sativum is a 

 hardy annual, native of Southern Europe, but occasionally 

 found in a semi-wild state, in waste places in the South 

 and East of England. The young leaves of this plant are 

 occasionally employed in soups and salads, and the seed 

 are used in confectionery, and for other flavouring pur- 

 poses. They ripen about August, and should be sown, in 

 a warm position, in autumn, and again in spring. If the 

 leaves are required, small quantities of seed should be sown 

 about every month for succession, in drills 1ft. apart. 

 C. satlvnm (cultivated), fl. white ; umbels of three or four rays, 



without any involucre; involucela of three dimidiate leaves. 



I decompound. Stems terete, h. IJft. 



CORIARIA (from corium, & hide; referring to the 

 orustaceous covering of the fruit). OBD. Coriariece. 

 Ornamental dwarf-growing suffrutioose shrubs, natives 

 of South Europe, North Africa, Japan, Himalayas, New 

 Zealand and the Andes. Flowers green, small, herma- 

 phrodite, or polygamous ; sepals five, spreading, imbricate, 

 persistent; petals smaller than the sepals, thickened after 

 flowering, and embracing the fruit; stamens ten, hypo- 

 gynous, free, or the alternate adnate to the petals ; 

 racemes axillary. Carpels five to ten. Leaves opposite, 

 rarely ternately whorled, quite entire, sessile, exstipulate. 

 Coriarias are of easy culture in common garden soil. 

 Propagated by suckers or layers, put down in autumn. 

 C. myrtifoUa is the only hardy species; the two others 

 mentioned do well in a conservatory or cool greenhouse. 

 C. myrtlfolia (Myrtle-leaved).* Myrtle-leaved Sumach; Tan- 



ners'-tree. /. greenish ; racemes rather erect, terminating the 



branches and branchlets, leafy at the base. May to August. 



I. ovate-lanceolate, simple, opposite. Branches somewhat tetra- 



gonal, opposite or tern. h. 4ft. to 6ft South Europe, 1629. 

 C. nepalensis (Nepaulese). fl. brown. May. h. 10ft. Nepaul. 



/tgreen - june - *** New 



CORIARIEJE. An interesting natural order, con- 

 sisting of but the single genus Coriaria, from which it 

 takes its name. 



CORIS (a name adopted from Dioscorides). OBD. 



PrimulecB. The only species of this genus is a pretty 



dwarf branching hardy perennial. It thrives on sunny 



parts of rockwork, in a dry, sandy, peaty soil. Increased 



by seed, sown, as soon as ripe, in a cold frame. 



C. monspeliensls (Montpelier). fl. bright lilac, with orange 



anthers; disposed in elongated terminal heads. Summer I 



linear, acute, with revolute margins, sessile, patent, clothing the 



stem from the base to the top. h. 6in. Mediterranean region, 



CORE-TREE. See Qnercus Suber. 



CORNACE2E. A small order of trees or shrubs, 

 rarely herbs. Flowers in terminal or axillary umbels, 

 cymose clusters, or sometimes involucrate heads. Leaves 

 opposite or alternate, exstipulate. There are about twelve 

 genera, the three best-known being: Aucuba, Cornus, 

 and Garrya. 



CORN BLUE -BOTTLE. A common name of 

 Centanrea Cyanus (which see). 



CORN COCKLE. See Gitliago segetnm. 



CORNEOUS. Horny; of the consistence of horn. 



CORN FLAG. See Gladiolus. 



CORNICULATE. Having processes like small horns. 



CORNISH MONEYWORT. See Sibthorpia 

 europsea. 



CORN MUSTARD. See Sinapis arvensis. 



CORN SALAD, or LAMB'S LETTUCE (Valeria- 

 nella olitoria). Annual. This is not largely used in this 

 country, but still, it makes a very good change in the 

 salad bowl. In summer, the whole plant may be used, 

 as it is then tender, being in active growth. About four 

 sowings will be found sufficient, and, if these are made in 

 February, April, August, and September, a fair supply 

 will be kept up, quite sufficient for any ordinary house- 

 hold. The ground should be deeply dug, but it need not 

 be heavily manured. Sow the seed in rows, about 9in. 

 asunder, and thin out to Gin. apart in the rows. Keep 

 the plants clear of weeds, and, in winter, during hard 

 frost, throw a little dry litter over the bed. 



FIG. 524. CORN SALAD. 



Sorts. The common Corn Salad (see Fig. 524), the Round- 

 leaved (a stronger-growing form, with larger leaves), and 

 the Italian, are the varieties usually cultivated. The latter 

 is supposed to belong to another species. 



CORNUS (from cornu, a horn; the wood is thought 

 to be as hard and durable as horn). Dogwood. ORD. 

 CornacecB. Hardy deciduous trees and shrubs, sometimes 

 low herbs. Flowers sometimes capitate and umbellate, 

 involucrated ; sometimes corymbose and panicled, with- 

 out involucre. Leaves, with few exceptions, opposite, 

 entire, sometimes alternate or in whorls. All the woody 

 species are desirable for shrubberies. Many will grow 

 under the drip of trees; this renders them valuable for 

 thickening strips of plantations which have become naked 

 below. They may be readily increased by cuttings, by 

 layers, or by suckers, either of which operations should 

 be performed in autumn. 0. canadensis and C. suecica 

 should be grown in sandy peaty soil, in a rather shady 

 situation, on the rockery, or in a border; they may be 

 increased by dividing, when the plants have run con- 

 siderably at the roots. See also Benthamia. 

 C. alba (white). A synonym of C. stolonifera. 

 C. canadensis (Canadian).* Bunch-berry, Dwarf Cornel, fl. 

 purplish-white, umbellate, much shorter than the leaves of the 

 involucre, which are white, ovate, and acuminated. May. I., 

 upper ones in whorls, ovate, acuminated, veiny, on short petioles. 

 Stems simple, herbaceous, h. 6in. North America, 1774. Small 

 herb. See Fig. 525. (B. M. 880.) 



C. circlnata (round-leaved). Round-leaved Cornel, fl. white ; 

 cymes flat. June. Jr. spherical, light blue. I. larger than in 

 most other species, round, oval, abruptly-pointed, clothed with 



