392 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Craasula continued. 



C. Cotyledon (Cotyledon-like). A synonym of C. arboretcent. 



C. erlooldea (Heath-like).* Jl. snow-white, small, five to ten 

 disposed in an umbellate cyme. September. I. three to four 

 lines long, ovate-oblong, flat, closely imbricated in four rows. 

 Branchlets distant h. bin. 1820. Plant shrubby, between erect 

 and decumbent Described as an elegant species. 



C. falcate (sickle-leaved).* fl. bright crimson, rarely white, with 

 the tube about four lines long, forming a large, densely terminal 

 corymb. June to September. I. rather connate, thick, glaucous, 

 oblong, bluntish, bent down in the form of a sickle. h. 3ft. to 8ft 

 1795. Shrub. SYN. Rochea falcata. (B. M. 2035.) 



C. glomerate (clustered). /. white, solitary in the forks of the 

 stems ; ultimate ones glomerate. August I. opposite, linear- 

 lanceolate. Stems scabrous, dichotomous. h, 2in. to 4m. 1774. 

 Annual. 



C. Imbricate (imbricated). A synonym of C. lycopodioides. 



C. Jasmlnea (Jasmine-flowered).* fl. white at first but becoming 

 reddish as they fade, very like those of the common Jasmine, 

 scentless, capitate ; tube of corolla almost three times longer than 

 the calyx. April, May. I. lanceolate, sessile, bluntish. 1815. 

 Shrub decumbent A beautiful plant, largely grown near London 

 for decorative purposes. SYNS. Rochea jasminea and Kalosant lies 

 jeuminea. (B. M. 



Fio. 640. CRASSULA COCCI.XEA. 



C. lactea (milky-white).* Jl. snow-white, stellately spreading ; 

 cymes panicled, many-flowered, trichotomous. Winter I ovate 

 attenuated at the base, and connate, glabrous, dotted within 

 the margin. Stem shrubby, terete, branched, twisted below. 

 h. 1ft j, to 2ft. 1774. (B. M. 1771.) There is a form of this with 

 prettily variegated leaves. Both type and variety are excellent 

 winter-flowering plants. 



acute, , 



branched, covered 



. 



in four rows. Stem shrubby 

 ith leaves on all sides. SYN. C. imbricata. 



mbellate 

 in 



C. marginalia (marginal).* fl. white, disposed in urn 

 corymbs. July. 1. perfoliate, roundish-ovate, ending in a 

 recurved mucro, flat, spreading, reddish beneath, quite entire 

 with cartilaginous margins, which are at first redclish, but at 

 length become white. Stem herbaceous, glabrous, pellucid 

 creeping. 1774. SYN. C. pro/wa. (B. M. 604?.) 



C -J!" t /.P 61 ? 01 ^- -f 8ca _ rle A' disposed in large, terminal 



. 



corymbs. July August. 

 rather channelled above, 

 colour. ft._ 3ft. to 6ft 

 (A. B. R. 656.) 



, 



. 1. connate, lanceolate, fcuminated, 

 convex beneath, of a greenish 

 1700. Shrub. S^YN 



C. profusa (profuse). A synonym of C. marginalit. 



Crassula continued. 



C. pyramidalls (pyramidal), fl. whitish, small, inconspicuous. 

 I. four-ranked, very densely imbricate. South Africa. Herba- 

 ceous. A very curious plant, from its habit. (G. C. 1872, 289.) 



C. quadrlflda (four-cut). Jl. white, tinged with red, panicled, 

 tetramerous. Summer. I. oblong-spaihulate ; upper ones rounder, 

 decussate.^ 1872. PerenniaL (Ref. B. 298.) 



C. rosularls (rosulate).* /. white, in opposite, pedunculate 

 clusters. July. L radical, obtuse, minutely ciliated, flat, 

 rosulate. h. 6in. 1819. Herbaceous. 



C. rublcunda (rubicund), fl. crimson, in terminal dichotomous 

 cymes, 6in. to 1ft. across. I. in opposite pairs, clasping the stem 

 and broadly connate at the base, lanceolate, green, reflexed, 

 narrowed gradually to a point, minutely ciliated ; lower ones 

 6in. to Sin. long ; upper ones gradually laxer and smaller, h, 1ft. 

 to 3ft. (Ref. B. 339.) 



C. Saxifraga (Saxifraga-like). /. flesh-coloured, on slender, 

 terminal scapes. June. 1. orbicular or sub-reniform, fleshy, 2in. 

 to Sin. across, red beneath, h. 4in. 1873. (B. M. 6068.) 



C. spathulate (spathulate). fl. rose-coloured; cymes pedun- 

 culate, paniculate. July. I. opposite, petiolate, roundish, 

 crenated. glabrous, shining above. Stems suff ruticose, decumbent, 

 branched. 1774. (L. B. C. 359, under the name of C. cordata.) 



C. tetragona (four-angled). /. white, small, nearly urceolate, 

 disposed in a pedunculate fastigiate cyme. August, (.decussate, 

 sub-connate, depressed above, subulate, somewhat tetragonal, 

 incurved, spreading, glabrous. Stem erect, shrubby, terete, some- 

 what rooting, h. 2ft 1711. 



C. verslcolor (changeable).* fl. in umbels at the extremities of 

 the branches, sweet-scented in the evening ; corolla hypyocrateri- 

 form, with a long tube ; limb shorter than the tube, five-cleft ; 

 segments somewhat recurved, bright red on the outside, and 

 white within, except a red margin, which gradually extends over 

 the whole. Summer. I. imbricate, lanceolate, hollowed, espe- 

 cially towards the base, connate, sheathing, edged with minute 

 ciliae. Stem shrubby, erect, branched. SYNS. Rochea versicolor 

 and Kalosanthe* vergicolor. (B. M. 2356.) 



CRASSTJLACEJE. An extensive order of usually 

 succulent herbs or shrubs. Flowers in terminal or axillary 

 cymes, braoteate or not clustered, often secund; petals 

 three to five, rarely ten to twelve or more, separate or 

 united, imbricate in bud. Leaves alternate or opposite, 

 exstipnlate, often crowded in rosettes at the^extremities 

 of the branches. There are about fourteen genera, in- 

 cluding Bryophyllum, Crassula, Sedum, and Sempervivum, 

 and about 400 species. 



CRAT2EGUS (from kratos, strength ; in reference to 

 the hardness and strength of the wood). Hawthorn. OBD. 

 Rosacece. Hardy shrubs or small trees, often spiny. 

 Flowers mostly white, in terminal corymbose cymes ; bracts 

 subulate, deciduous. Fruit ovoid or globose, with a bony 

 one to five-celled stone, or with five bony one (rarely two) 

 seeded stones. Leaves simple, lobed, or pinnatifid. There 

 are about fifty species, all of which arc confined to North 

 temperate regions. In the New World, the home of the 

 majority of the species, the genus extends into New 

 Grenada. Few hardy shrubs are more useful and orna- 

 mental than the Hawthorn. It makes, perhaps, a better 

 hedge than any other shrub, as it grows quickly, and will 

 generally thrive in most soils. When preparing plants for 

 this purpose, the fruits, or "haws," should be gathered in 

 October, and laid in a heap to rot, being at first spread 

 rather thinly, to prevent heating. They should then be 

 mixed with about one-third their bulk of either fine sifted 

 soil or sand, and be overlaid with a covering of soil, from 

 4in. to Gin. in thickness. Here they may remain tUl the 

 time of sowing in October of the following year though 

 some cultivators prefer to sow in spring, in order to avoid 

 the depredations of mice, &c. The ground should be pre- 

 viously well dug and cleaned. The seed may be sown in 

 drills, liin. deep, and 12in. from each other. They should be 

 evenly spread in the furrows, at the rate of half a bushel 

 of mixed seed and sand to forty yards of furrow, and then 

 covered by means of a rake. The surface should, how- 

 ever, be left a little rough, so as to break the effects of 

 rain, which is apt to cause it to cake, when made very 

 fine. So soon as the seedlings show themselves above 

 ground, the hoe should be passed between the rows, to 

 loosen the earth and clear it of weeds. With good manage- 

 ment, a bushel of seed will produce about 4000 plants. 



