AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



Cunninghamia continued. 



a well-drained light soil, and is best propagated from 

 seeds, as cuttings rarely make good plants. 

 C. sinensis (Chinese).* /., males in grouped catkins, which are 



terminal fascicled, cylindrical, and about lin. long; females with 



three ovules, cones about the size of a walnut, sessile, droopins, 



globose, smooth; scales ovate-acuminate, coriaceous, sharply 



denticulated on the margin. I. sessile, deflexed, spreading in 



every direction, IJin. long, lanceolate, much pointed, rigid, flat, 



entire, somewhat scabrous on the margin. Branches for the most 



part verticillate, spreading horizontally. Trunk straight, cylin- 



dricaL h. 40ft. to 50ft. (much less in Europe). China, 1804. 



(B. M. 2743, under name of C. lanceolate.) 



409 



CT7NONTA (named after John Christian Cuno, of 

 Amsterdam, who described his own garden in verse, in 

 1750). TRIBE Cunoniece of OBD. Saxifrageae. A green- 

 house tree. Flowers disposed in axillary racemes ; calyx 

 five-parted; petals five, oblong; stamens ten. Fruit a 

 two-ceUed capsule. Leaves impari-pinnate ; leaflets ser- 

 rated, coriaceous ; stipules large, caducous, interpetiolar. 

 It is of easy culture in sandy loam and peat. Half- 

 ripened cuttings will root, if inserted in sandy soil, and 

 placed under glass, in a very gentle heat. 



C. capensls (Cape Colony). JL white ; racemes spicate, opposite; 

 pedicels numerous, in fascicles. August. I., leaflets five to seven 

 lanceolate, h. 10ft. to 50ft. Cape of Good Hope, 1816. A large 

 shrub or middle-sized tree, glabrous in all its parts. See Fig. 569. 



CUNONIE2E. A tribe of Saxifragece. 



CUP. The same as Corona (which see). 



CT7FANIA (named after Father Francis Cupani, an 

 Italian monk, author of " Hortus Catholicus," and other 

 botanical works; he died in 1710). OBD. Sapindacece. 

 Ornamental stove trees or shrubs. Flowers whitish, in 

 panicles or racemes. Leaves exstipulate, abruptly pin- 

 nate, or from abortion simple ; leaflets opposite and 

 alternate, j The species number about thirty; they are 

 found in tropical regions throughout the world. They 

 thrive in a compost of loam and peat. Cuttings of half- 

 ripe shoots will root in sand, if placed under a hand 

 glass, in heat. Very few species of this rather large 

 genus are seen in cultivation. 



C. amerlcana (American).* fl., petals yellowish, triangular, hairy 

 on the outside. I., leaflets three to four pairs, obovate, retuse, 

 clothed with fine rusty tomentum beneath, serrate-toothed at the 

 top of the lateral ; outer leaflets largest. A. 30ft. South America, 

 1818. SYN. C. tomentwM. 



C. sapida (savoury). Savoury Akee-tree. JL whitish. March. 

 I., leaflets three or four pairs, ovate-lanceolate, veiny, h. 30ft. 

 West Africa, 1793. Naturalised in West Indies. 

 C. tomentosa (tomentose). A synonym of C. americana, 



CUPHEA (from kyphos, curved ; in reference to the 

 form of the capsule). OBD. Lythracece. Very pretty 

 greenhouse herbs or sub-shrubs. Flowers usually droop- 

 ing ; calyx tubular, coloured ; peduncles interpetiolar, one 

 or many-flowered. Leaves opposite, rarely in whorls, 

 quite entire. Only a few of the numerous species are 

 generally grown. Cuttings of the perennial sorts strike 

 freely in March or April, if placed in brisk bottom heat ; 

 but by far the better method is to sow seed, in January 

 or February, and grow the seedlings on in rich soil, re- 

 potting when necessary. Most of the dwarf species will 

 succeed if finally placed in 6in. pots, and fed with liquid 

 manure when these are filled with roots. Cnpheas are of 

 easy culture, and a few, particularly C. ignea, propagated 

 from cuttings, are well adapted for greenhouse decoration, 

 or for small beds in the flower garden in summer. 

 C. seqnipetala (equal-petalled). n. purple. June. A. 2ft. Mexico, 



1859. SYS. C. ocimoides. 



C. cinnabarina (cinnabar). A synonym of C. pinetorum. 

 C. cyanea (blue). JL yellow and red, alternate. July. I. ovate- 

 oblong, acute, rounded at the base. Branches and calyces 

 clammv and hispid. Andes. Evergreen. SYN. C. ttrigilloaa. 

 (B. B. 32, 14.) 



C. Hookeriana (Hooker's), fl. vermilion and orange, curved, 

 cylindrical, disposed in dense panicles. I. lanceolate, h. 2ft. to 

 3ft. Mexico, 1877. A novel and striking under-shrub. SYJi. 

 C. Roezlii. (B- H. 1877, 469.) 



Cnphea continued. 



C. Ignea (fiery). JL bright scarlet, apetalous, with a black and 

 white expanded Iftnb. Summer. L n'early glabrous, lanceolate 

 180 ) ' Evergreen. SYS. C. platyeentra. (F. d. S. 



C. Jornllensls (Jorullan). JL red ; pedicels one to thre together, 

 alternate, racemose at the tops of the branches calyx clammy 

 Summer. I. oblong-lanceolate, acute, on very short petioles! 

 rounded at the base. Branches compressed, clothed with pu- 

 *"- > " Mexico, 1856. Evergreen. 



bescence. A. 2ft. 



C. lanceolata (lance-shaped). JL bluish, sub-spicate, sub-secund. 



luly. I. opposite, oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, hairy. A. Uft 



Mexico, 1836. Plant ascending, clammy, hispid from brown hairs. 



Annual Evergreen. SYS. C. rilmoidct. (B. M. 4362.) 

 C. Melvilla (Melvilla). fl., calyx red at the base, and green at 



the apex, long; racemes terminal, simple, many flowered. May. 



I. sessile, lanceolate, attenuated at both ends. A. 2ft to 3ft. 



Guiana, 1823. Herbaceous perennial. (B. R. 852.) 

 C. mlnlata (vermilion), fl. pale vermilion, solitary, axillary, on 



short pedicels. June to September. I. ovate-acuminate, covered 



with white bristles. A. 2f U Mexico, 1843. Evergreen. (F.d.S.65.) 

 C. ocimoides (Basil-like). A synonym of C. ceguipetala. 

 C. plnetorum (pine-wood-lovingX JL crimson or deep purple, 



panicled. July. L nearly sessile, ovate - lanceolate, strigose. 



Branches ascending. A. lift. Mexico, 1850. Evergreen. SYS. 



C. einnabarina. (F. d. S. 527.) 



C. platyoentra (broad-centred). A synonym of C. iynea. 

 C. procumbens (procumbent). JL, petals rose-coloured ; sepals 



purplish; pedicellate, solitary, deflexed. June. L opposite, 



shortly petiolate. ovate-lanceolate. Branches procumbent. 



Mexico, 1816. Stove annual (B. R. 182.) 

 C. Roezlil (Roezl's). A synonym of C. Uookeriana. 

 C. sllenoldes (Silene-like). A synonym of C. lanceolata. 

 C. strlgillosa (coarse-haired). A synonym of C. cyanea. 

 C. Zimapanl (Zlmapani'sX A blackish-purple, purple. Antumn. 



A. 2ft. Mexico, 1B78. Evergreen. (B. M. 6412, under name of 



C. lanceolata.) 



CUPRESSUS (from Into, to produce, and pantos, 

 equal ; in reference to the symmetrical growth of C. tern- 

 pervirena). Cypress. OBD. Conifera. Very ornamental 

 evergreen shrubs or trees. Flowers monrccious. Fruit 

 globular, composed of peltate ligneous persistent scales, 



Km. 570. CUPRESSUS CONE,' with the Scales separating, 

 separating at matority (see Fig. 570), to free the usually 

 numerous slightly-winged seeds. Leaves minute, scale- 

 like, imbricate, or linear-acute, spreading. Few of the 

 whole genus are really hardy; the remainder are liable 

 to be much damaged by severe frosts and fierce winds. 

 In the South and West of England and Ireland, they, as 

 a rule, thrive very well Any common garden soil suits 

 the hardy sorts, but they succeed best in a rather deep 

 soil, and in a sheltered situation. They may be propa- 

 gated either by cuttings or by seeds. The latter may be 

 easily collected when the matured cones burst open in 

 early spring, and should be sown in April, in a warm 

 friable soiL The seedlings will appear before the end of 

 May. After the first year's growth, the young plants 

 should be transplanted into rows, and removed again every 

 second year, with the view of causing their roots to 

 become fibrous and bushy. Nurserymen are in the 

 habit of shifting them into pots of increasing size. 

 C. callfornica (Californian). A synonym of C. Goveniano. 

 C. cashmerlana (Cashmere). A synonym of C. tondota. 

 C. elcgans (elegant). A synonym of C. Knightiana. 

 C. funebrls (funereal).* I. yellowish-green, scale-like, closely 

 appressed, imbricated. Branches horizontal when matured, 

 becoming pendulous at their extremities, giving the whole tree 

 a very graceful, weeping appearance. A. 50ft. North-east China, 

 1849. Half-hardy. SYS. C. peiuiula. (K. d. S. vi. 89.) 

 C. glandulosa (glandular). A synonym of C. UacSal/iana. 

 C. glauca (grey). A syuonyiu of C. liuitanica. 



3 G 



