410 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Cnpressus continued. 



C. Goveniana (Gowen's).* *., male catkins yellow, very nu- 

 merously produced in spring. I. scale-like, closely imbricated, 

 bright green. Branches spreading, with numerous, irregularly 

 disposed, slender branchlets. h. 15ft. to 20ft. California, 1846 

 A Swarf shrub, having a dense habit. SYNS. C. California and 

 C. Hartwegii. 



C. Hartwegii (Hartweg's). A synonym of C. Goveniana. 



C. Knightiana (Knight's).* A very rare tall tree, of elegant habit, 

 descried by Messrs'. Veitch as "with drooping, fealhery, and 

 fern-like brlnchlets, and well distinguishea by. the glaucous, 

 bluish hue of its foliage." It is the hardiest f Mexican Cypresses, 

 but requires, in this country, a sheltered situation, h. 40ft. to 60ft. 

 Mexico, 1838. SYNS. C. elegant and C. Lindleyana. 



C. Lambertiana (Lambert's). A synonym of C. macrocarpa. 



C. Lawsoniana. See Cbamsecyparls Lawsoniana. 



C. Lindleyi (Lindley's). A synonym of C. Knightiana. 



C lusitanica (Portugal).* Cedar of Goa. I. imbricated in four 

 rows, acute, keeled, glaucous, adpressed. Branches flexuose, 

 spreading; branchlets numerous, incurved, scattered, ft 40ft. to 

 60ft. Goa, 1683. A very handsome low tree, but only half-hardy. 

 SYN. C. glauca. 



C MacNablana (MacNab's).* I. small, scale-like, arranged in 

 fouYrows, deep gVeen. Branches short, thickly set; branchlets 

 numerous SSL A. 10ft. to 15ft. North California, 1853. A 

 densely branched, hardy shrub, with a pyramidal outline. SYNS. 

 C. glandulosa and C. nivalin. 



FIG. 571. FRUITING BRANCH OP MONTEREY CYPRESS 

 (CUPRESSUS MACROCARPA). 



C. macrocarpa (large-fruited).* Monterey Cypress. I. very dark 

 green, closely imbricated. Branches numerous, close set, hori- 

 zontal, with the extremities ascending; secondary branches 

 generally lateral and opposite, h. 50ft. to 60ft. South Cali- 

 fornia, 1847. A hardy, medium-sized tree, of great beauty, and 

 of extremely rapid growth. See Fig. 571. SYN. C. Lambertiana. 



C. nepalensis (Nepaul). A synonym of C. torulosa. 



C. nivalis (snowy). A synonym of C. ifacNabiana. 



C. pendula (pendulous). A synonym of C. funebrit. 



C. sempervlrens (evergreen).* " This is the fastigiate or upright 

 kind a tall, tapering tree, with erect branches growing close 



Cupressus continued. 



to the trunk, and with frond-like branchlets covered with smooth, 

 imbricated, yellowish -green leaves. The cones are about lin. in 

 diameter, and are generally produced in pairs." k. 6ft. to 100ft. 

 South Europe, 1548. Hardy in the South of England, and probably 

 in many other places in Britain. The following names have been 

 applied by various authorities to forms of this species : hori- 

 zontalis, indica. 



C. torulosa (twisted).* I. glaucous, appressed to the stem, thin, 

 minute, very smooth, closely imbricated in four rows. Branches 

 short, ascending, much ramified at their extremities ; branchlets 

 slender, short, twisted, h. 50ft. to 70ft. Himalayas, 1824. A 

 very beautiful pyramidal, hardy, much-branched tree. SYNS. 

 C. cashmeriana and C. nepalensis. The variety Corneyana is a 

 low tree, with slender drooping branchlets, and comes extremely 

 close to the type. 



CUPULA. The cup of an acorn, or other similar 

 fruit 



CUPULAR, CUPULIFORM. Shaped like a cup. 



CUPULIFER2E. A very important natural order of 

 trees and shrubs. Flowers monoecious. Male solitary, 

 crowded, or in spikes, bracteate; sepals unequal, ona to 

 five or more, or absent ; stamens two to twenty on a disk, 

 or adnate to the bases of the sepals; anthers two-celled. 

 Female: calyx adnate to the ovary, or absent; ovary 

 inferior, after fertilisation more or less completely two 

 to three (rarely four to six) celled ; styles stigmatose above 

 and within. Fruit indehiscent, seated on, or inclosed 

 within, the hardened accrescent bracts. There are ten 

 genera, and about 400 species. They are principally 

 confined to the temperate regions of the Northern hemi- 

 sphere, but some are found in New Zealand, Chili, and 

 the mountains of Java, Borneo, South Australia, &c. 



CURATEIiliA (from curatus, worked ; the leaves, which 

 have a rough surface, are employed in Guiana for polishing 

 bows, sabres, and other weapons). OKD. Dillcniacece. A 

 genus containing a couple of species of very ornamental 

 dwarf stove evergreen shrubs, with white flowers, 

 winged petioles, and ovate rough leaves. They thrive in a 

 compost of loam and peat. Kipened cuttings will root 

 freely if planted in a pot of sand, with a hand glass placed 

 over them, in heat. Probably the only one in cultivation 

 is the following : 



C. amoricana (American).* jl. white ; racemes issuing from the 

 adult branches. I. ovate, repand, and somewhat denticulated, 

 very rough, running along the petiole at the base. h. 10ft. South 

 America. The bark of this shrub is thick, wrinkled, and cracked, 

 and falls off in large pieces. 



CTJRCULIGO (from curculio, a weevil ; the seeds have 

 a point like the beak of a weevil). Weevil Plant. OBD. 

 Amaryllidece. Of this genus, the only plants worthy of 

 general cultivation are C, recurvata and its variegated 

 forms. These are very ornamental stove foliage plants, of 

 palin-like growth. Their culture is easy ; they thrive in a 

 compost of peat and loam, in equal parts, and used in 

 moderate-sized lumps, with a fair proportion of silver 

 sand. The drainage must be perfect. Propagation is 

 effected by suckers, which form at the base of the stem. 



C. recurvata (recurved).* ji. yellow, produced in dens 

 on scapes shorter than the leafstalks. I. spreading, recurved, 

 lanceolate, longitudinally plaited, dark green; petioles long, 

 erect. East Indies. (B. R. 770.) 



C. r. Striata (striped).* I. marked with a distinct and effective 

 central band of pure white ; petioles whitish at the back. 



C. r. variegata (variegated).* I. recurved, plaited, oblong-lanceo- 

 late, upwards of 2ft. long and 6in. broad, bright green, beautifully 

 banded longitudinally with stripes of clear white; petiole lift, 

 long. Rhizome tuberous. East Indies. A very handsome 

 variegated plant. 



CURCULIO. See Weevils. 



CURCUMA (from Kurkum, its Arabic name). Turmeric. 

 OBD. Scitaminece. A genus of above thirty interesting 

 stove herbaceous plants. Flowers in spikes, with concave 

 bracts ; calyx tubular, three -toothed ; tube of corolla 

 dilated above, five lobes equal, lip larger and spreading ; 

 filament petaloid, thrce-lobed at the top, with a two- 

 spurred anther on the middle lobe. They do well in a 



