414 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Cuttings continued. 



growth ceases, and the flow of sap is consequently less 

 rapid. The length and size of Cuttings greatly depend on 

 the variety of plant, those which are of medium growth, 

 neither too sappy nor, on the other hand, too hard, being 

 invariably preferred. Experience will alone teach the 

 proper season, and the most successful method and suitable 

 situation, for propagating by this method in different 

 places, according to the various requirements of the plants 

 to be increased, and the means at command for so doing. 

 Shading, in spring and summer, is necessary in all cases, 

 with tender Cuttings under glass, until they have formed 

 roots. 



Leaf Cuttings. Some plants may be increased by the 

 insertion of a leaf with bud attached to the base. In the 

 case of ornamental-leaved Begonias, Gloxinias, and others, 

 young plants are obtained by the formation of bulbs on the 

 petioles and midribs of the leaves, without the presence of 

 an eye or bud. Cotyledons, and some other succulents, 

 may be readily increased from leaves. 



Root Cuttings refer to roots that ultimately form plants 

 when cut in pieces and inserted in soil. This is a quick 

 mode of propagating such plants as succeed. Cleroden- 

 drons and show Pelargoniums, amongst others, may be 

 cited as examples. 



For further information on Cuttings, see Propagation. 



CYANANTHUS (from kyanos, blue, and anthos, a 

 flower). OBD. Campanulacece. A small genus (six species) 

 of brilliant-flowered alpine herbaceous perennials, of pro- 

 cumbent habit. They should be grown on rockwork, 

 where their stems can nestle between the stones, and the 

 roots find plenty of moisture, as in a dip or hollowed part, 

 semi-shaded. The long and fleshy roots delight to run 

 amongst damp leaf mould and sand. Cuttings may be 

 taken during spring or early summer, and struck in sandy 

 peat, kept moist ; or strong roots may be carefully divided, 

 in spring; the latter method, however, is the least de- 

 sirable. 



Cyan.anth.us continued. 



FIG. 578. CYANANTHUS LOBATUS. 



CYANELLA (from the diminutive of kyanos, blue). 

 ORD. Liliacece. Pretty little bulbous plants, from the Cape 

 of Good Hope. Perianth segments six, the three lower 

 ones hanging down ; style and lowest stamen declinate. 

 Capsule roundish, three-celled. Leaves radical, rarely 

 cauline (attached to the base of the stem), lanceolate, or 

 linear. For culture, &c., see Ixia. 

 C. capensis (Cape), fl. purple ; racemes divaricating. July and 



August. I. lanceolate, wavy. Stem leafy, panicled. h. 1ft. 



August. I. lanceolate, wavy. Stem leafy, panicled. 



1768. (B. M. 568.) 



C. lutea (yellow). This differs from C. capensis in having a stem 

 with only one or two upright branches, instead of one 

 with many branches and those horizontally spreading 

 or divaricate ; in the leaves not being undulate, and 

 in having a larger and different-coloured corolla. A. 1ft. 

 1788. (B. M. 1252.) 



C. odoratissima (very fragrant).* fl. deep rose, after- 

 wards fading to a pale blush, very sweet-scented, 

 en long peduncles, having a single bract below their 

 middle ; anthers yellow, the five upper spotted. July, 

 August. 1., radical ones ensiform, straight, dark 

 green ; stem ones linear-lanceolate, acuminate. Stem 

 erect, round, somewhat branched, flexuose. h. 1ft. 

 This plant does not succeed in the open air, although 

 it has been frequently reported as hardy. (B. R, 1111.) 

 Other species are: alba (white) and orchidiformis 

 (blue). 



CYANOPHYLLUM (from kyanos, blue, and 

 phyllon, a leaf ; referring to the under surface of 

 the leaves). OED. Melastomacece. Stove ever- 

 greens, with very beautiful foliage. The species 

 thrive in a compost of good fibrous peat and leaf 

 mould, in equal parts, with one-fourth of silver 

 sand added. In potting, care should be taken 

 that the drainage is perfect, as water must be 

 given freely during summer, both to the roots 

 and foliage ; and a thoroughly moist atmo- 

 FIG. 577. CYANANTHUS INCANUS, showing Flowering Branch, and detached Flower sphere must be maintained, to prevent the 

 from which Calyx and Corolla have been removed, in order to show Ovary leaves becoming deformed while they are imma- 

 crowned with the rayed Stigma, and surrounded by the Stamens at the base. ture . p ropag *ti on i8 eff ecte d by inserting cut- 

 a^^^^ ^^^ 80 ^^^- 131 ! 1 . 6 ' 16 " 11 ^ 1 ' 1511 -* 01 * 111 - 1011 ?' tings and eyes in sand, where a good bottom heat can 

 ^^^^^^"^l^t^ be "maintained, and shade from the sun secured; they 

 lobed, covered with soft white hairs. A. 3in. to 4in. Alpine may also be readily increased by seeds, when these are 



procurable. 



C. magnificum (magnificent).* fl. small, insignificant, disposed in 

 a large branching panicle. I. broadly-ovate, tapering to a point, 

 opposite, 1ft. to 2ift. long, 9in. to 12m. wide ; upper surface of a 

 beautiful velvety-green, midrib and primary veins ivory-white ; 

 under side reddish-purple ; veins very prominent. Mexico, 1858. 

 This is one of the most beautiful foliage plants in cultivation, and 

 fully bears out its specific designation. (B. H. 1869, 359.) 



and rather 



C. lobatps (lobed). fl. bright purple-blue, few, solitary, usually 

 terminal, about lin. in diameter, funnel-shaped, with five tongue- 

 shaped reflexed segments ; throat covered with numerous soft, 

 long, whitish hairs ; calyx large, thickly set with short blackish 

 hairs. August and September. I. small, fleshy, alternate, wedge- 

 shaped obovate , lobed. h. 4in. Alpine Himalayas, 1844. See 



Tig. o/o. (K. M. WOO.) 



