430 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Cytisus- 



ued. 



C. racemosns (racemose).* fl. bright yellow, dis 

 urinal spike 6in. long. July. I. trifoliate, h. 3f 

 - ~of Teneriffe, 1835; 



come from the Pe 



C. canarionsls (Canary Islands).* fl. yellow, in elongated, many- 

 flowered, secund racemes ; bracts and bracteoles setaceous. 

 June to August. I. shortly-stalked, trifoliate; leaflets obovate- 

 oblong, acute. Canary Islands. A much-branched dwarf shrub, 

 everywhere softly villose. 



C. capitatus (headed), fl. yellow, numerous, capitate at the 

 tops of the branches (sometimes lateral hi the autumn). June. 

 I., leaflets ovate-elliptic, villous. Branches straight, hispid, h. 

 2ft. to 4ft. Europe, 1774. Hardy. (L. B. C. 497.) 



C. fllipos (thread-stemmed). fl. white. March. Branches 

 slender, pendulous. Teneriffe, 1838. A very elegant conservatory 

 plant. 



C. hirsutus (hairy).* fl. yellow, lateral, on very short pedicels, 

 aggregate. June. I., leaflets obovate, villous beneath. Branches 

 twiggy, terete ; young ones hispid ; adult ones smooth. Europe, 

 1739. Hardy decumbent species. (Fl. Ment. 28.) 



C. Laburnum. See Laburnum vulgare. 



C. nlgrlcans (blackish), fl. yellow ; racemes elongated, terminal, 

 erect. June. 1. trifoliolate, stalked, clothed with adpressed pu- 

 bescence beneath, as well as the branches, calyces and legumes ; 

 leaflets elliptic. Branches terete, twiggy, h. 3ft. to 6ft. Europe, 

 1730. Hardy. (B. R. 802.) 



C. proliferus (proliferous). /. white, lateral, umbellately 

 aggregate. April and May. I, leaflets elliptic, and, as well 

 as the calyces, silky. Branches terete, velvety. A. 2ft. to 4ft. 

 Teneriffe, 1779. Greenhouse. (B. R. 121.) 



C. purpureus (purple).* fl. purple, axillary, solitary, on short 

 pedicels. May. L, leaflets oblong. Stems procumbent, twiggy. 

 Plant glabrous. European Alps, 1792. Hardy. This is a very 

 beautiful shrub when in flower, but has a better effect when 

 grafted on a rather tall Laburnum. (B. M. 1176.) 



, disposed in a ter- 

 h. 3ft. Said to have 

 eriffe, 1835 ; probably, however, a 



plant of garden origin. Greenhouse evergreen. C. Everentianus 

 (R. H. 1873, 390), a garden form, with flowers a couple of shades 

 deeper in colour, is similar to this in habit, &c. 



C. scoparlns. Common Broom, fl. yellow, axillary, pedicellate, 

 solitary. April to July. L, trifoliate, petiolate; upper ones simple, 

 and, as well as the leaflets, oblong. Branches angular. A. 3ft. 

 to 10ft. Europe (Britain). Hardy. See Fig. 599. There are 

 three or more forms of this species. 



fl. yellow; racemes terminal, 

 three-leaved bract just under 

 ; floral leaves almost sessile. 



Branches terete, h. 4ft. to 6ft. Plant quite smooth. South 

 Europe, 1629. (B. M. 601.) 



C. Weldeni (Welden's). A synonym of Petteria ramentacea. 

 CZACEIA. A synonym of Paradisia (which see). 



DABCECIA (called St. Dabeoc's Heath in Ireland). 

 ORD. Ericaceae. A very pretty shrub, having much the 

 habit of a species of Heath, and adapted for decorating 

 the front of shrubberies, or for growing on rockwork or 

 banks. It thrives in a sandy peat soil, with a little loam 

 added. Increased by layers, in autumn; or by cuttings, 

 placed under a handlight. 



D. polifolla (Polium-leavedX* St. Dabeoc's Heath, fl. white, 

 rose, or purple, very elegant, drooping from the short pedicels 

 in a loose terminal raceme; corolla ovoid, ventricose, shortly 

 fonr-lobed ; lobes broad, recurved, imbricated. June to Septem- 

 ber. I. small, the lower ones ovate, the upper ones narrow, all 

 green above, and very white beneath. Branches ascending, 

 clothed with short, rather viscid hairs, h. 1ft. to 2ft. Common 

 on the heathy wastes of South-western Europe, Mayo and Con- 

 nemara in Ireland, and the Azores. SYN. Memiesia polifolia. 



DACRYDITTM (from dalcrudion, a diminutive of 

 dalcru, a tear ; referring to the resinous exudations). ORD. 

 Coniferce. Very ornamental trees, somewhat resembling 

 the Spruce in appearance, but with slightly pendulous 

 branches. Male catkin ovoid, girded by imbricating 

 bracts at base ; stamens numerous, imbricate. A mix- 

 ture of sandy loam and peat suits them. Propagated by 

 cuttings, made when ripe, and placed in sand, under a 

 glass. Generally speaking, none of the species are suited 

 to our climate; but D. cupressinum and D. Franklinii 

 have, under exceptional circumstances, proved successful. 



D. onpressinum (Cypress-like).* I. pale green, small, closely- 

 imbricated all round. Branches weeping, h. 60ft. to 100ft. (in 

 England. 16ft.). New Zealand, 1825. A pyramidal tree. 



C. sessilifolius (sessile-leaved), fl. 

 erect, short ; calyces each having a t 

 it. May. I., leaflets three, ovate ; 



Dacrydium continued. 

 D. elatnm (tall). I. crowded, without order, erectly spreading, 



mucronate. h. 60ft. Palo Penang, 1830. A large timber tree, of 



slow growth. 

 D. excelsum (lofty). I. loosely imbricate, subulate, compressedly 



tetragonal, mucronate, glaucous, with depressed angles. A. 200ft. 



New Caledonia. 

 D. Franklinii (Franklin's). I. scale-like, imbricated. Branches 



short, horizontal ; branchlets numerous, slender, pendulous, h. 



100ft. Tasmania, 1844. Timber with an aromatic fragrance. 

 D. Mai (Mai). I. linear-obtuse, with a callous point ; margins 



revolute, green above, glaucous beneath, h. 80ft. Tasmania, 



D. taxoides (Yew-like). I. alternate, closely placed, falcate, 

 obtuse at the ends, attenuated and twisted at the base, $in. to 

 fin. long, and one-and-a-quarter lines broad; midribs on the 

 upper and under surfaces prominent. Branches sub-verticillate, 

 having a purplish tint when young. New Caledonia. A conical 

 shrub. 



DACTTLICAPNOS THALICTBJFOLIA. See 

 Dicentra thalictrifolia. 



DACTYLIS (from daktwlis, a finger's breadth; ap- 

 parently in allusion to the size of the clusters). ORD. 

 GramineoB. This genus is closely allied to Festuca, from 

 which it differs in that the spikelets are densely crowded 

 in thick, one-sided clusters, arranged in an irregular short 

 spike or slightly-branched panicle. The only species is 

 that described below ; it is one of the best and strongest- 

 growing kinds of our native grasses, and is well adapted 

 for sowing alone on marshy land. 



D. glomerate (glomerate). Cock's-foot Grass. /., spikelets 

 several-flowered, crowded in one-sided clusters, forming a dense, 

 branching panicle ; glumes and lower palet herbaceous, keeled, 

 awn-pointed, rough, ciliate on the keel, the five nerves of the 

 latter converging into the awn-like point; the upper glume 

 commonly smaller and thinner. June. I. flaccid, but rough on 

 the edges, h. 1ft. to 2ft. In meadows, pastures, woods, and 

 waste ground throughout Europe, Central and Russian Asia 

 (except the extreme north); abundant in Britain. Perennial. 

 (Sy. En. B. 1788.) D. g. variegata, (variegated) is a very pretty 

 form of this., and is extensively employed for bedding purposes. 



DACTYLOCTENIUM (from daktylos, a finger, and 

 ktenion, a little comb ; alluding to the digitate and pec- 

 tinate spikes). ORD. Qraminece. A genus of several 

 species, for the most part natives of Africa. Spikelets 

 several-flowered, with the uppermost flower imperfect, 

 crowded on one side of a flattened rachis, forming dense 

 pectinate spikes two to five in number, digitate at the 

 summit of the culm; glumes compressed, keeled, and 

 sub-herbaceous, the exterior one cupsidate. The species 

 are mostly annuals, little known to cultivation. 



DACTYLOSTYLES. See Zygostates. 



DADDY LONG LEGS. See Crane Fly. 



D2EMIA (its Arabic name). ORD. Asclepiadeas. A 

 genus comprising six species of stove evergreen twiners, 

 natives of tropical Asia and Africa. Flowers umbellate ; 

 corolla sub-rotate, with a short tube ; corona double, the 

 outer one an annular five or ten-lobed membrane. Leaves 

 opposite, cordate. They thrive in a compost of fibry peat 

 and loam, with a small quantity of sand added. Cuttings 

 of firm side shoots will root in sandy soil, if placed under 

 a glass, in bottom heat. 



D. extensa (extended), fl., margins of corolla ciliated ; peduncles 

 and pedicels elongated, filiform. July. I. roundish-cordate, 

 acuminated, acute, auricled at the base, downy. East Indies, 

 1777. SYN. Raphintemma tiliatum. (B. M. 5704.) 



D2EMONOROPS (derivation doubtful, probably from 

 daemon, a deity, and ops, appearance; alluding to the 

 beauty of the plant). ORD. Palmce. Very elegant stove 

 palms, now included, by Bentham and Hooker, under 

 Calamus, but differing from that genus chiefly in having 

 its flowers scattered along the spikes, and also in the 

 spathes entirely encircling the young spikes. For culture, 

 see Calamus. 



D. melanochsetes (black-bristled). I. pinnate; pinnae long, 

 narrow, and pendent ; petioles sheathing at the base, where they 

 are armed with very long sharp spines, with brown tips and much 

 swollen bases, h. 150ft. Malay Archipelago. An ornamental 

 plant, of a very dark green colour. 



