488 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Doryanthea continued. 



the handle of a spear, bearing flowers on the top). OBD. 

 Amaryllidece. A genna of extremely beautiful ama- 

 ryllids, requiring greenhouse culture, similar to Dasylirion, 

 Fourcroya, Ac. They thrive best in a compost of loam 

 and leaf soil, in equal parts. Propagated from suckers, 

 which should be placed in small pots, and grown on, 

 repotting into larger sizes as becomes necessary. A 

 considerable size of plant has to be attained before 

 flowers are produced. 



D. excclsa (tall).' fl. very brilliant scarlet, each as large as the 



common white Lily, disposed in a globose head at the top of 



the bracteate stem, the base of which is surrounded by leaves. 



Summer. I. numerous, long, lanceolate, h. 8ft. to 16ft. New 



South Wales, 1800. See Fig. 678. (P.. M. 1685.) 



D. Palmer! (Palmer's).* fl. red, with the centre lighter, large, 



funnel-shaped ; spike pyramidal, 1ft. to IJft. high, and 10m. to 



12in. broad, many-flowered, clothed with leafy bracts. I. in a 



dense tuft, broad-lanceolate, each about 6ft. long by 6in. in 



breadth, gracefully arching, h. 8ft. to 16ft. Queensland, 1874. 



This is a very handsome species. (B. M. 6665.) 



DOBiYCNIUM (the old Greek name of a species 



of Convolvulus, from dory, a spear). Including Bon- 



jeania. OBD. Leguminosce. A genus of about half-a-dozcn 



species of elegant hardy herbs or sub-shrubs. Flowers 



capitate or sub-umbellate, usually numerous. Leaves 



trifoliolate, with the stipules in the form of the leaflets. 



All are of the easiest culture in rather dry soil, and arc 



readily increased by seeds. 



D. hcrbaceum (herbaceous), jl. white ; heads on long peduncles. 

 July. I., leaflets and stipules obovate, obtuse. Stem Herbaceous, 

 erect. A. ijft. South Europe, 1802. 



D. hlrsutum (hairy), fl. whitish, or pale red, large; heads 

 many-flowered. July. I. sessile ; leaflets ovate, lanceolate or 

 obovate. Stem erect, suff ruticose. h. 1ft. to 2ft. South Europe, 

 1683. Plant clothed with hoary tomentum. (B. M. 336, under 

 name of Lotus reetus.) 



D. latlfolium (broad - leaved). ft. white; peduncles many 

 flowered, bracteate towards the apex. June. I. sessile ; leaflets 

 and stipules obovate and mucronulate. Stem erect, sub-shrubby. 

 h. 1ft. to 2ft. East Europe, 1818. Plant pilose. 

 D. rectum (upright), fl. rose-coloured, small ; peduncles bract- 

 less, many-flowered. June. 1. petiolate ; leaflets obovate, nui- 

 cronate. Stem erect, shrubby, h. 2ft. South Europe, 1640. 

 Plant villous. 



D. sufflrutlcosum (sub-shrubby).* fl. white, with a reddish 



keel ; heads of flowers on long peduncles. June. I., leaflets 



and stipules oblong-lanceolate, acute. Stem shrubby, h. 2ft. 



to 3ft. South Europe, 1640. (S. F. G. 760, under name of Lotus 



Dorycnium.) 



DORYOPTERIS. Included under Pteris. 

 DOSSINIA (named in honour of E. P. Dossin, a Bel- 

 gian botanist). ORD. Orchidece. The only species in this 

 genus is a small terrestrial Orchid, nearly allied to 

 Anoectochilus, but differing in the boat-shaped process of 

 the column, as well as in the absence of a bearded fringe 

 to the lower part of the lip. 

 D. marmorata (marbled)* is the correct name of the plant 



described hi this work under the name of AnoeetochUus Lovrii. 



SYN. Cheirostylu marmorata. (F. d. S. 370.) 



DOUBLE FLOWERS. Generally speaking, the 

 epithet Double is applied to flowers of very varied 

 structural conformation. The most common conditions 

 rendering a flower Double, in the popular acceptation of 

 the term, are substitutions of petals or petal-like bodies 

 for stamens and pistils, one or both. Another very 

 common mode of Doubling is brought about by a real or 

 apparent augmentation in the number of petals, as by 

 multiplication, fission, &c. Double Flowers are often of 

 much more value, from a purely horticultural standpoint, 

 than single ones. The protective floral organs the calyx 

 and corolla frequently wither quickly after fertilisation 

 has taken place, whilst in those flowers in which the 

 organs of reproduction have been metamorphosed into 

 petaloid bodies, they remain, as a rule, in full beauty a 

 much longer time. The predisposing causes of Doubling 

 seem very different in various plants. In some, it may 

 be brought about by an excess of nutrition ; in others, by 

 a process akin to starvation. In some cases, as in the 

 common Kerria japonica, for example, there is a natural 



Double Flowers continued. 



tendency for the flowers to become Double under culti- 

 vation. Single-flowered plants have been imported which, 

 in a few years, have altogether ceased to produce single 

 flowers. For a very exhaustive account of the various 

 kinds of Doubling, and their morphological significance, 

 the reader is referred to one of the Hay Society's publi- 

 cations, "Vegetable Teratology," by Dr. M. T. Masters. 

 The means adopted by some successful growers to obtain 

 Double Stocks will be described under Stocks. 



DOUBLY-SERRATED. Twice serrated. 



DOUG-LASIA (named in honour of D. Douglas, a 

 very zealous botanist and collector in North-west America ; 

 he came to an untimely end in the Sandwich Islands). 

 OBD. PrimulacecB. A genus of four species of little hardy 

 evergreen plants, allied to Androsace. They form admir- 

 able subjects for alpine situations. A compost of peat 

 and loam is the best soil for them. Propagated by 

 seeds. In Europe, the genus is represented by D. Vi- 

 taliana, already mentioned in this work under its more 

 generally accepted name, Androsace Vitaliana. The other 

 throe species belong to Arctic North America. 

 D. nlvalis (snowy).* Jl. pink, sub-umbellate, on long pedu 



April. 1. linear, obtuse, sub-amplexicaul, closely hairy, bra 



rigid, hoary, sub-verticillate. h. Sin. Rocky Mountains, 



(b\ R. 1886.) 



DOUM PALM. See Hyphome thebaica. 

 DOVE FLOWER. See Peristeria elata. 



DOWN. A term applied to soft, short hairs, like 

 down. 



DOWNING-IA (named in honour of A. J. Downing, 

 a promoter of horticulture). STN. Clintonia, under which 

 generic name the two species below-mentioned are gene- 

 rally included, but erroneously so. OBD. Campanulaceoe. 

 Very ornamental annuals. Flowers bilabiate. Leaves small, 

 linear-lanceolate. They are used with great effect in 

 summer flower-gardening, and but little care is necessary 

 to insure success. Seeds should be sown in a spent hot- 

 bed, in March, thinned out, so as to give the plants room, 

 and kept growing till May, when they may be transferred 

 to the open border. D. pulchella is especially pretty for 

 hanging baskets. 



ncles. 

 nches 

 1827 



I (elegant).* fl. blue, having a large white streak on the 

 ary, axillary, sessile. Summer. T. sessile, ovate, three- 

 veined, h. 6in. North-west America, 1827. (B. R. 1241.) 

 D. pulchella (fair).* /. rich blue, with yellowish eyes ; upper 

 segments of corolla ovate, acute, divaricate ; middle segment of 

 lower lip longest. Summer. 1. obtuse. A. 6in. California, &c., 

 1827. SYN. Clintonia pulchella. (B. R. 1909.) 



DRABA (Greek name used by Dioscorides, from drabe, 

 acrid ; referring to the taste of the leaves). Whitlow 

 Grass. Including Petrocallis. OBD. Cruciform. More 

 than 150 species have been described ; but it is probable 

 that not more than half that number are really distinct. 

 Perennial or annual branched herbs, which are some- 

 times tufted, sometimes elongated, smooth or pilose, or 

 usually velvety from soft branched hairs. Flowers white 

 or golden, rarely pink or purple ; racemes terminal ; 

 pedicels filiform, bractless. Leaves linear, oblong or 

 ovate, entire or toothed. 



" Amongst the spring - flowering alpines," says Mr. 

 Eobinson, "the genus Draba must always take an im- 

 portant position. In addition to the brilliant golden 

 colour of the flowers of one section of the genus, the 

 plants are characterised by a dwarf compact habit, and by 

 much neatness in the arrangement of the bristly ciliated 

 hairs, which not unfrequently become bifurcate ; thus 

 the attractive appearance in the matter of colour is 

 enhanced, on a closer inspection, by the beauty of form 

 and detail. In another section, we find white to be the 

 predominant colour ; and though in many cases the flowers 

 are small, still, in the mass, filling up a nook or crevice 

 in a rockwork, and contrasted with the dark green leaves, 



