496 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



DRYOSTACHYUM. See Polypodium. 



DRYFETES (from drypto, to lacerate; referring to 

 its spiny nature). OED. Euphorbiaceoe. A genus of about 

 nine species of ornamental stove evergreen shrubs, 

 natives of Brazil, the West Indies, and Florida. They 

 thrive in a compost of peat and loam. Cuttings root in 

 Bandy loam, if placed under a glass, in heat. 



t>. crocoa (saffron-coloured). .//. orange. June. I. alternate, 

 oval or elliptical, pointed, coriaceous. A. 6ft. West Indies, 

 1820. SYN. Schce/eria laterijlora. 



DRYFIS (the old Greek name used by Theophrastus, 

 from drypto, to tear, on account of the leaves being 

 armed with stiff spines). OBD. Caryophyllece. A very 

 pretty little herbaceous perennial, admirably adapted for 

 ornamenting rookwork, where it becomes 3uffruticose, 

 and produces an immense number of flowers. Incroased 

 either by cuttings, placed in sandy soil, under a hand 

 glass ; or by seeds, sown in a light compost. When seed- 

 lings are of sufficient size, they should be separated 

 and planted on the top of rockwork, care being taken 

 to keep them watered until fresh roots are emitted. 



D. splnosa (prickly).* fl. pale pink or white, corymbose ; bracts 

 with three teeth on each side. June. I. stiff, awl-shaped, some- 



Stems at first procumbent, four- 

 sided ; flowering stems erect. A. 6in. South Europe, &c., 1775. 



what trigonal, mucronate. 

 sided ; flower 

 (B. M. 2216.) 



DRY-ROT. A name given to decayed timber, caused 

 by different species of Fungi, which, under certain con- 

 ditions, attack woodwork in ships, houses, &c., penetrating 

 the wood in all directions, and in many instances doing 

 irreparable damage before they are observed. Two of the 

 principal species of Fungi causing Dry-rot are : Merulius 

 lacrymans, attacking wood in houses and other buildings ; 

 Polyporus hybridus, affecting oak-timber in ships. 



DUBOISIA (named after Louis Dubois, author of 

 several botanical works). OED. Solanacece. A small, 

 glabrous, greenhouse tree. It thrives in sandy loam and 

 peat. Cuttings strike readily under a bell glass. 

 D. xnyopcroides (Myoporum-like). fl. white, in axillary clusters ; 



calyx: two-lipped ; corolla funnel-shaped, the limb five-parted. 



Berry indehiscent. J. entire. A. 6ft. to 15ft. New South 



Wales, &c. 



DUBREUILIA. A synonym of Pilea. 



DUCKMEAT, or DUCKWEED. See Lemna. 



DUCK'S FOOT. See Podophyllum. 



DULCAMARA. See Solanum Dulcamara. 



DUMASIA (named in honour of M. Dumas, one of 

 the editors of " Annales des Sciences Naturelles "). OBD. 

 Leguminosce. A genus of three species of ornamental 

 greenhouse evergreen twiners. Flowers yellow, disposed 

 in axillary racemes. Leaves pinnately trifoliolate, stipel- 

 late. For culture, see Clitoria. 



D. villosa (villous). fl. yellow; racemes axillary. August. L, 

 leaflets ovate. Branches, petioles, peduncles, and leaves pubes- 

 cent. Tropical Asia, &c., 1824. (B. R. 961.) 



DUMB CANE. See Dieffenbachia Se?nine. 



DUMERILIA (of Leasing). A synonym of Perezia. 



DUFERRYA. A synonym of Forana. 



DURAMEN. Heartwood. That part of the timber 

 of a tree which becomes hardened by matter deposited in 

 it. It is next the centre in Exogens, and next the circum- 

 ference in Endogens. 



DURANTA (named in honour of Castor Durantes, 

 a physician and botanist, who died in 1590). OBD. 

 Verbenacea. A genus of four or five species of 

 rather pretty free-flowering stove evergreen shrubs, with 

 blue flowers. Probably the only one in cultivation is 

 D. Plwnieri. All are natives of the Western hemi- 

 sphere. Cuttings strike readily in heat, and should be 

 inserted early in spring, and the young plants afterwards 

 grown on in a stove temperature, using for potting a 

 compost of peat and loam in equal proportions. 



Duranta continued. 



D. Ellisia (Ellisia). A synonym of D. Plumieri. 



D. Plumieri (Plunder's).* fl. pretty blue, borne in great pro- 

 fusion in racemes towards the ends of the branches; calyces 

 in fruit twisted. August. 1. oblong - lanceolate, acuminate. 

 Branches spinose. A. 6ft. to 15ft. South America and the West 

 Indies, before 1739. SY.N. D. Ellisia. (B. M. 1759.) 



DURIO (Duryon is the name of the fruit in the 

 Malay language, and comes from dury, a thorn ; alluding 

 to the prickly fruit). OBD. Malvaceae. A large stove 

 evergreen tree, the fruit of which is about the size of a 

 man's head, and, by those who have overcome its civet 

 odour and turpentine flavour, is ranked among the most 

 delicious of Indian fruits. The only species of the genus 

 thrives well in a compost of peat, loam, and leaf mould. 

 Cuttings of firm young shoots root readily in spring, in 

 sand, if placed under a glass, and in bottom heat. 



D. zibcthinus (civet), fl. white. I. oblong, acuminated, roundeil 

 at the base, of a lurid-silvery colour beneath, where they are 

 covered with brownish scales, h. 80ft. 1825. Native of Malaya 

 and the Indian Archipelago. The fruit of this plant is used, when 

 in a decomposed state, as a bait to trap the civet-cat ; hence the 

 specific name. 



DUTRA. 



Datura. 



DUVALIA (named after H. A. Duval, of Paris, author 

 of " Enumeratio Plantarum Succnlentarum in Horto 

 Alenconio"). OBD. Asclepiadece. A genus of succu- 

 lent Stapelia-like plants, all natives of South Africa. 

 Corolla with the segments more or less replicate, and an 

 elevated annulus (orb) on the disk ; outer corona flat, 

 entire, pentagonal, disk-like ; inner corona of five small, 

 entire, horizontal, ovoid, pointed, fleshy segments, some- 

 what resembling a bird's head when viewed sideways. 

 The species mentioned below are among the most distinct. 

 For culture, see Stapelia. 



D. Corderoyl (Corderoy's).* fl. olive-green, with darker tips, or 

 dull reddish-brown, lin. to 2in. in diameter ; lobes of corolla 

 lanceolate-acuminate, fringed with clavate mauve-purple hairs ; 

 annulus clothed with soft hairs of the same colour. Branches 

 sub-globose, crowded, flowering at their sides. (B. M. 6082 ) 

 SYN. Stapelia Corderoyi. 



D. clegans (elegant). /. dark purple-brown, shining, small; 

 corolla lobes ovate, shortly acuminate, shortly pilose on the 

 surface and ciliate with soft dark purple hairs ; annulus only 

 slightly raised, giving the flower a flat look. Branches oblong 

 or ovoid, crowded, flowering at their sides. (B. M. 1148.) 1795. 



B. Jacquiniana (Jacquin's). fl. dark purple-brown, opaque, 

 small ; corolla lobes lanceolate, acute, strongly replicate, 

 glabrous, but ciliate with .simple or slightly clavate haira. 

 Branches oblong, crowded, flowering at their sides. 1802. 



D. polita (polished).* /. three or four together, opening suc- 

 cessively ; pedicels about lin. long, glabrous ; corolla lin. in 

 diameter ; lobes ovate - acuminate, erect-spreading, a little re- 

 curved at the apex, brownish-purple, very smooth and polished, 

 the margins very slightly folded back and fringed towards their 

 base with long purple vibratile, clavate, purple hairs ; annulus 

 minutely scabrid, paler than the lobes, and opaque ; outer 

 corona chocolate-red, or dark purplish-red ; processes of inner 

 corona dull orange. Summer. Steins and branches elongate, 

 2in. to Sin. long, about iin. thick, somewhat clavate, more or 

 less decumbent and rooting, glabrous, dull green or purplish, 

 six-angled; angles obtuse, toothed. 1874. One of the finest 

 plants of the genus. (B. M. 6245.) 



DUVAUA (named in honour of 11. Aug. Duvau, a 

 French botanist, publisher of the original edition of 

 Richard's "Demonstrations botaniques,ou analyse du fruit 

 consid&re' en general"). OBD. Anacardiacea. Handsome 

 half-hardy evergreen shrubs, with bright shining foliage. 

 Flowers yellowish ; racemes axillary, short, many-flowered, 

 solitary or fasciculated. Leaves simple, alternate, exsti- 

 pulate. There are four species, natives of extra-tropical 

 South America. They thrive in a dry and sandy soil 

 and in a sheltered situation, having its surface sloping 

 to the south. Cuttings, made of the ripe wood, root, if 

 inserted under a bell glass, in gentle heat. 



D. dependens (hanging), fl. yellowish- white ; racemes axillary, 

 scarcely exceeding the leaves in length. June, July. Berriea 

 black. 1. mostly oboyate, and very obtuse, or even emarginate, 

 with scarcely any denticulations. h. 10ft. to 12ft. 1790. 

 Usually grown as a wall shrub. (B. E. 1573.) 



