AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



497 



Dnvaua continued. 



D. latifolia (broad-leaved). JL greenish-white; ... 

 the length of the leaves. June, July. Berries black. L oblongi 

 acute, coarsely toothed, so waved as to seem in some measure 

 plicate. A. 6ft to 12ft 1826. (B. R. 1580.) 



D. ovata (ovate). JL. yellowish-white ; racemes a little longer than 

 the leaves. June. Berries black. J. ovate, toothed, mostly 

 acute at the tip, some obtuse, k. 6ft to 10ft 1825. (B. B. 



DWALE. See Atropa Belladonna. 



DWARF CYPRESS. See Chamzecyparis. 



DWARF ELDER. See Sambucus Ebulus. 



DWARF FAN-PALM. A common name of Cna- 

 maerops humilis (which see). 



DYCKIA (named after Prince Salm-Dyck, a German 

 botanist, and author of a splendid work on succulent 

 plants). OBD. Bromeliacece. A genus of greenhouse 

 succulents, with elegant foliage and ornamental habit 

 of growth, usually stemless. There are about half-a- 

 dozen species, natives of Brazil. They are best grown 

 with Agaves, and thrive well in a mixture of two parts 

 loam, and one part vegetable mould, to which a little 

 Band may be added. Perfect drainage is essential, and 

 water must be liberally applied during summer; but in 

 winter, a very small quantity will suffice. Propagated 

 by suckers. 



D. argentea (silvery).* L long, rigid, rosulate, recurved, lying very 

 close together, about 2ft. long, and rather less than lin. broad, 

 tapering to a point, toothed at the edges ; both surfaces densely 

 covered with white scales, and thus imparting a covering like 

 hoar-frost. A rare species. 



D. brevifolia (short-leaved). Jl. yellow ; spike about 1ft long. 

 1. about thirty in a dense rosette, the young ones of the centre 

 erect-, the outer ones recurved ; when fully mature, about 4in. 

 long. 1869. (Ref. B. 236.) 



D. fxlglda (cold). Jl. orange-yellow, very numerous, nearly lin. 

 long ; spike branched, covered with pale down. February. i. 

 tufted, linear-lanceolate, spine-toothed, recurved, 1ft to 2ft long. 

 1877. SYN. Poumrtia Jrigida. (B. M. 6294.) 



D. rariflora (scattered-flowered). jL orange, in spikes, with 

 appressed membranaceous bracts. Summer. I. radical, lanceo- 

 late, pointed, narrow, rigid, recurved, greyish-green ; margin with 

 distant spines, h. 2ft 1832. In warm, sheltered situations of 

 rockwork, this very interesting species may be found useful. 

 (B. M. 3449.) 



DYER S GREENWEED. See Genista tinctoria. 



DYER'S ROCKET. See Reseda Lnteola. 



DYER'S WEED. See Reseda Luteola. 



DYER'S YELLOW -WEED. See Resed* Ln- 

 teola. 



DYFSIS (from dupto, to dip ; application not given). 

 OBD. Palmce. A genus of five or six species of un- 

 armed dwarf stove Palms, all natives of Madagascar. 

 Flowers monoecious, in branched panicles. Males with 

 membranous, orbicular sepals, and ovate, acute, valvate 

 petals; stamens six, the linear filaments connate at the 

 base. Females smaller than the males, sub-globose, 

 with membranous broadly imbricated sepals, and convo- 

 lute imbricate petals. Spadices long, lax-flowered. Stems 

 reed-like, surmounted by a crown of leaves, entire or 

 bifid at the apex, or pinnatisect ; segments cleft, or 

 praemorsely dentate. The species in cultivation are: 

 Hildebrandtii, madagascariensis, and pinnatifront. 



DYSODA. A synonym of Serissa (which ). 



DYSODIA from dusodes, ill-smelling; in allusion to 

 thr- unpleasant odour of some of the species). OBD. Com- 

 posite. A genus of about ten species of erect or diffuse, 

 glabrous or pubescent herbs, natives of Mexico and 

 Central America. Flower-heads heterogamous, radiate ; 

 ray-florets female ; disk fertile ; involucre cylindrical, cam- 

 pannlate, or almost hemispherical, composed of one series 

 of sub-equal, rigidly membranaceons bracts. Leaves op- 

 posite or alternate, more or less pinnatifid. The species 

 thrive in well-drained loamy soil, in greenhouse tempe- 

 rature. Readily propagated by seeds, sown in spring; 

 by division of the roots ; or by cuttings. 



Dysodia continued. 

 D. grandiflora (large flowered), /.-feod* rich deep orange. 

 L opposite, ovate, acuminate, inciso-serrate. A. 1ft to 2ft A 

 handsome perennial. SVNS. OOIMMOCOBM Montana. ComacUiiium 



IB. M. 531tt) 

 D. pnbesoens (pubescent^ The correct 

 described in this work as Batbtra, ineana. 



Comaelittium 

 of the plant 



E. In composition, this letter signifies without , thus, 

 ebracteaU, without bracV. 



L Anriculate ; having ears or appendages. 

 [A (from earinot, the spring; in reference to 

 the time of flowering). OBD. Orehidece. A genus of about 

 six species of epiphytal orchids, from the Pacific Islands 

 and New Zealand. They have small flowers, crowded into 

 sessile heads; the lateral sepals and foot of the column 

 forming a chin. E. mucronata (sharp-pointed) and E. 

 aulumnoto (autumnal) are two greenhouse species, from 

 New Zealand. For cultivation, see Oncidium. 

 EARTH. See Soil. 



EARTHTNG-UF. A term used to represent the 

 process of drawing the existing, or applying additional, 

 soil in ridges round the stems of kitchen-garden crops, 

 or other surface-rooting plants, requiring more space for 

 the development of the leaves than for the roots. It in 

 performed in this case in order to concentrate the roil 

 where it is most required. Earthing-up round the stems 

 of Celery and similar crops is practised mainly for the 

 exclusion of light from the stems, and for the consequent 

 blanching obtained. The plan is also frequently adopted 

 in winter, for preserving the stems of plants from frost. 



EARTH HUT, or EARTH FEA. See Arachis 

 hypogwa. 



EARWIGS (Forficvla. aurifularia) . These very de- 

 structive insects constitute an anomalous tribe, and are 

 generally placed in the order Dermaptera. They are 

 injurious, not only to many flowering plants, but also to 

 ripe fruit. Amongst the latter, those most attacked are 

 the Apricot and Peach. At certain times, Earwigs migrate 

 from place to place in vast numbers; and this fact is 

 sufficient to account for their extreme abundance at one 

 season, and their scarcity at another. In the common 



Fio. 685. EARWIG. 



species (see Fig. 685), the beautiful wings are neatly folded 

 under very short and truncate elytra; and at the end of 

 the body are formidable forceps, for the purpose of folding 

 and unfolding the huge and fragile wings after, and pre- 

 vious to, flight The Earwig is comparatively small, 

 measuring only some three-quarters of an inch. Unlike 

 most other insects, the female, after laying her eggs, does 

 not leave them, but actually broods ove- them, as a bird 

 does over its eggs, and even sits on the young ones after 

 hatching. Disliking moisture, these pests are more com- 

 monly found in dry, hot positions than in damp ones. 

 Among the young flower-heads of Chrysanthemums and 

 Dahlias, and various other flowers, they commit great 

 damage. There is no poisonous application that gives really 

 good results ; consequently, traps must be resorted to. 



Trap*. These are of numerous kinds, but for all prac- 

 tical purposes the following will be found sufficient Bean- 

 stalks, or hollow stems of any suitable kind of plant, if cut 

 into lengths of from 6in. to 9in., and placed amongst the 

 infested plants, or in the branches of fruit-trees, will catch 

 a large number. Flower-pots, partly filled with dry moss, 

 and either inverted or bud 011 their sides, may al*o b 



3s 



