AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



499 



Ech.id.nium continued. 



E. Regeliannm (Regel's). Jl. purplish-brown ; spathe sub-erect ; 

 spadix cylindrical ; peduncle partly adnate to the spathe. June. 

 1. tripartite, deep green. A. lift, to 3ft Brazil,1866. SYN. 

 E. Spruceanum, of gardens. (R. G. 503.) 



E. Spruceanum (Spruce's). A garden synonym of B. Regeli- 

 anum. 



ECHIDNOPSIS (from echidne, a viper, and opsis, 



appearance ; alluding to the stems). ORD. Asclepiadacece. 



A greenhouse, fleshy, leafless, perennial herb. For culture, 



see Stapelia. 



E. cereiformiB (Cereus - like). Jl. bright yellow, small, in 

 fascicles ; calyx tube hemispheric, with five triangular, acute, 

 spreading and recurved lobes ; corolla broadly rotate campanu- 

 la te. Stem elongated, cylindrical, obtuse, cernuous or pendulous, 

 areolate. A. 6in. Abyssinia, 1871. (B. M. 5930.) 



ECHIXACEA (from echinos, a hedgehog; referring 

 to the prickly scales of the receptacle). ORD. Comporitee. 

 Ornamental hardy herbaceous perennials, with generic 

 characters scarcely distinct from Rudbeckia, in which 

 genus it is included by Bentham and Hooker. Echinaceas 

 form excellent subjects for mixed borders and sub-tropical 

 gardens. The species thrive best in warm, sunny situa- 

 tions, and in a compost of deep rich loam and leaf mould. 

 They are readily propagated by divisions. 

 E. ongustifolia (narrow-leaved).* fl.-heads light purple or rose, 

 4in. to 6in. across. Summer. I. lanceolate, hairy, 4in. to 6m. 

 long Ain. broad. Stem hairy below. A. 2ft to 4ft. United 

 States, 1861. (B. M. 5281.) 



E. purpurea (purple).* fl.-heads reddish-purple, paling off at the 

 tips to a greyish-green, about 4in. across ; peduncle long, thick, 

 rigid, producing a solitary terminal flower-head. Summer, 

 autumn. I. roughish, obscurely dentate ; radical ones ovate- 

 lanceolate ; cauline ones more lanceolate, tapering at the base. 

 Stem smooth. A. 3ft to 4ft United States, 1799. (B. M. 2, 

 under the name of Rudbeclria purpurea.) 



E D. intermedia (intermediate) comes very near E. purpurea. 

 It differs principally in the more spreading ray-florets. A. 2ft 

 to 4ft See Fig. 687. (P. M. B. XT. 7.) 



E. p. serotlna Gate-flowering) is a hirsute or hispid form of 

 E. purpurea. (L. B. C. 1539.) 

 ECHINANTHUS. See Echinops. 

 ECHINATE. Covered with prickles, like a hedge- 

 hog. 



ECHINOCACTUS (from echinos, a hedgehog, and 

 Cactus ; plants beset with spines like a hedgehog). Hedge- 

 hog Thistle. ORD. Cactece. A large genus of simple, 

 grotesque, fleshy, ovoid or globose, ribbed, leafless, suc- 

 culent plants. Flowers usually rising from the fascicles 

 of spines at the tops of the ribs ; sepals numerous, 

 imbricated, united into a short tube, adnate to the base 

 of the ovary; outer ones bract-like; inner ones petaloid, 

 elongated, spreading. About 200 forms have been de- 

 scribed. They are dispersed from Texas and California 

 to Peru and Brazil, but are most numerous in Mexico. 

 For culture, see Cactus. 



E. centeteriusfmany-spined). Jl. deep straw-colour with reddish 

 streaks down the centre; nearly 3m. _ across ; anthers yellow 

 July Plant sub-globose; tubercles in fifteen nearly vertical 

 series, confluent, oblong ; kreohe oval, white, tomentose ; outer 

 ten prickles slender, central four stronger. A. 6m. Mexico, 1840. 

 (B. M. 3974.) 



E. concinnas (neat), fl. yellow. Spring. Plant globose , cte- 

 pressed, glaucescent, with about ten ribs, which are obtui 

 sinuately crenated ; areohe remotish, woolly ; spines setaceous, 

 eight to ten, one of which is longer and stronger. A. 6m. 



tube externally shaggy with brown wool; P e . ta >VV T ar te the 

 rows, spathulate, crenate and almost lacinwted towards the 

 apex; stamens numerous, pale yellow, crowded around the .style . 

 stigma with the rays erect, bright scarlet Summer Plant sut 

 globose, but depressed at the top, and narrowed at the base, dte 

 somewhat glaucous green. The sides are cut into about sixteen 



(B. M. 



Echinocactoa co ntinued. 



Into about a score of vertical, narrow, undulated ridges ; young 

 areolee with deciduous white tomentum ; outer spines eight or 

 nine spreading, setaceous, white, with a brown point ; four 

 central ones reddish, much larger. See Fig. 688, for which we 

 are indebted to Herr Fr. Ad. Haage, jun., of Krfurt. 



Fio. 688. ECHINOCACTUS CKI.M-VI i .>. 



E. Cummingli (Cumming's). Jl. golden-yellow, lin. in diameter, 

 with a funnel-shaped tube, numerous, sessile. June. Plant 

 nearly globose, greyish-green, contracted slightly at the base; 

 tubercles about lin. in diameter, arranged in spirals, sub-hemi- 

 spherical ; areolte small, nearly circular ; outer spines about 

 fifteen to twenty, strict, slender, erecto-patent, pale yellowish, 

 the upper rather the longest, central two or three shorter and 

 stouter. A. Sin. Bolivia, 1847. (B. M. 6097.) 



tuft of dense white wool, from 



Fio. 689. ECHINOCACTUS HAYNII. 



. ribbon* (gibbous). JL white. July. Plant roundUh. 

 deeply sixteen-angled ; angles wi 





