510 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Engines, Garden continued. 



taining a piston and rod, and the other connected to this 

 at the base for conducting the water, by means of a 

 nozzle that turns round as desired, to any place within 

 the reach of the force applied. The cylinder, with the 

 piston inside, is connected with the water in the cistern, 

 and has a valve at its base. On raising the piston by 

 the handle attached to the rod at the top, the water 

 passes into the cylinder, and the valve closes. By the 

 next downward pressure, the water opens another valve 

 and passes into the adjoining cylinder; and, as the 

 latter valve will not allow it to return, and the outlet 

 is frequently only a small hole, the water has to pass 

 through in proportion to the size and the force applied. 

 Many who have to use a Garden Engine almost daily in 

 summer, have an insufficient knowledge of its construc- 

 tion and mode of working, and the result is that the 

 leverage of the handle connected with the piston rod, 

 and the great pressure of water consequently obtained, 

 is unduly exercised, and the valves, or something else, 

 soon become either out of order or broken. A per- 

 forated grating or rose should be placed at the base 

 of the cylinder opening to receive the water, in order to 

 prevent anything getting inside. Should an obstruction be 

 caused, the use of the pump must be discontinued until 

 the evil has been removed. These detailed remarks on the 

 construction of the Garden Engine are given with a view 

 to its being more generally understood and more care- 

 fully used. 



ENXIANTHUS (from enkuos, enlarged, and antlws, 

 a flower ; flowers swollen). OBD. Ericaceae. A genus of 

 five species of elegant greenhouse or hardy evergreen 

 or deciduous shrubs. Flowers white, scarlet, or rose, 

 large, terminal, drooping; corolla campanulate, with a 

 five-cleft limb. Leaves petiolate, coriaceous and per- 

 sistent, or membranous and deciduous, entire or 

 serrulate. They thrive well in a compost of loam and 

 peat, in equal parts. Increased by cuttings, made of the 

 ripe wood, and inserted under a bell glass, during the 

 spring months, without heat. They should be potted 

 carefully. 



E. campanulatus (bell-shaped).* Jl. greenish-white, tinted with 

 red, in fascicled racemes, pendent; corolla cylindrico-campanulate. 

 June. I. stalked, elliptic, argutely-serrulate, 2in. long. Japan. 

 Hardy. SYM. Andromeda campanulata. 



E. nlmalaicus (Himalayan). Jl. in terminal umbels ; corollas 

 Jin. long, campanulate, flve-lobed, five-angled, yellowish-red, with 

 reddish streaks. June. 1. ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, h, 20ft. 

 Sikkim, 1879. Greenhouse. (B. M. 6460.) 



E. japonicus (Japanese).* /. white, globose, nodding. Feb- 

 ruary. 1. elliptic-obuvate, membranous, dying off a brilliant 

 golden-orange to autumn. Japan, 1870. A slender hardy de- 

 ciduous shrub, with whorled branches. (B. M. 5822.) 



E. quinqueflorus (five-flowered).* Jl. red at the base, pale flesh- 

 colour at the tips, large, drooping, five or six together at the tops 

 of the brandies. February to September. I. broad, opposite, 

 oblong-elliptic, acuminated. Stem shrubby, h. 3ft. to 10ft. China, 

 1812. Greenhouse. SYN. E. reticulatus. (B. M. 1649.) 



E. reticulatus (netted). A synonym of E. quinquejlorus. 



ENSATE, or ENSIFORM. Quite straight, with 



the point acute, like the blade of a broad-sword, or the 



leaf of an Iris. 



ENTADA (the Malabar name of one of the species). 



SYN. Adenopodia. OBD. Leguminosas. A genus of stove 



climbing shrubs. Flowers white, sessile or shortly 



stalked, hermaphrodite or polygamous, disposed in dense 



spikes. Leaves bipinnate. Stems unarmed. There are 



about ten species, of which the one given below is the 



best. For culture, see Mimosa. 



E. Pursaetha (Purssetha). A synonym of E. scandeng. 



E. scandens (climbing). /. about liin. long, in long slender 



spikes, either solitary or in the upper axils, or forming a terminal 



panicle ; calyx very small, truncate, or minutely toothed petals 



lanceolate, rigid, becoming at length quite separate. I. long- 



stalked; rachis usually ending in a tendril; pinna stalked, 



mostly four ; leaflets oblong or obovate, lin. to 2in. long, rigidly 



coriaceous. Legume woody, attaining 2ft. to 4ft. in length, and 



Entada continued. 



3in. to 4in. in breadth. A woody climber. This is the common 

 Sword Bean of the East and West Indies and tropical Pacific. 

 SY.VS. E. Pumcetha and M inwsa scandeng. 



ENTEIiEA (from enteles, perfect; stamens all fer- 

 tile). OBD. TiliacecB. An ornamental greenhouse or 

 conservatory evergreen. It thrives well in a loamy soil, 

 with which a little sand may be advantageously mixed. 

 Increased by cuttings, inserted in sandy soil. 

 E. arborescens (tree-like), ft. white, in simple, lateral, or ter- 

 minal erect stalked cymes; involucels of many short bracts. 

 May. I. cordate, angular, doubly crenated, five-nerved, furnished 

 with small permanent stipules, stellately downy, h. 20ft. New 

 Zealand, 1820. (B. M. 2480.) 



ENTIRE. Having no kind of marginal division. 



ENTRANCES. The approach, or Entrance, to a 

 mansion or any important glass structure in a garden, 

 should at all times receive considerable attention when 

 the designs are being prepared. In either case, it should 

 be kept in good order, even more particularly than 

 other parts of the garden or park. The position of a 

 mansion and the neighbouring town or place from which 

 the approach proceeds, must invariably form the main 

 conditions in determining the line the latter is to take. 

 In some cases, where the mansion is surrounded by 

 trees, excepting a broad open view from the front, 

 the Entrance is made at the side, and no sight of the 

 building obtained until it is nearly reached. This 

 applies mostly to those built on the side of a hill, 

 or having massive trees as a background. Many 

 others of noble proportions, built in a valley or on 

 ground lower than that which surrounds it, have an 

 Entrance through a broad avenue of trees planted at 

 right angles to the front of the building, and reaching 

 a considerable distance. Here a perspective view of the 

 latter is obtained on first entering, that increases in 

 magnitude until the end is reached. In either case, as 

 many interesting views as possible of scenery, specimen 

 trees, ornamental water, or other permanent subjects, 

 should be introduced along the route. The Entrance 

 being seen first and last by strange visitors to the man- 

 sion, should be made as attractive as possible, the im- 

 pressions arising therefrom and afterwards communicated, 

 tending greatly to enhance the pleasure and interest in 

 the surroundings taken by the proprietor himself. En- 

 trances to glass houses, such as conservatories, &c., should 

 receive equal attention outside, in keeping clean and tidy, 

 as that practised in the interior. Forecourts near the 

 entrance to 'a mansion, if composed of gravel, should be 

 frequently swept and rolled. 



EOMECON (from eoos, Eastern, and Mekon, a Poppy; 

 so called because of its systematic position close to the 

 Poppies, and its native country in Eastern Asia). OBD. 

 Papaveraceos. A monotypic genus. The species is a 

 beautiful, half-hardy, perennial herb. It thrives in any 

 airly good soil, and may be increased by division. 

 E. chionantha (snowy-flowered), ft. terminal, 2iu. in diameter, 

 on slender pedicels ; sepals combined into a boat-shaped spache ; 

 petals pure white, nearly orbicular, concave, spreading ; stamens 

 yellow, numerous ; scapes 1ft. or more high, reddish, sub- 

 paniculately branched above. Spring. I. radical, long-petiolate, 

 3in. to 6in. long, broadly cordiform, concave, the margins broadly 

 sinuated ; petioles 6in. to Sin. long. China, 1885. (B. M. 6871.) 

 EPACRIDE.ZB. An order of corollifloral, dicotyle- 

 donous, shrubby plants, almost confined to Australia, New 

 Zealand, and the Antarctic islands. Flowers axillary or 

 terminal, either solitary and terminating peduncles more 

 or less covered with imbricated, scale-like or leaf-like 

 bracts, or in spikes or racemes ; sepals usually finely 

 marked with parallel or diverging veins; corolla white 

 or of various shades of red, rarely blue, green, or yellowish. 

 Leaves alternate, or very rarely opposite, often crowded 

 or imbricate, rigid, entire or scarcely denticulate, with 

 several longitudinal, simple or forked nerves, sometimes 

 prominent underneath, sometimes very fine and numerous 

 or very obscure. The order is divided into two sections, 



