530 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Erynginm. continued. 



E. glgantenm (gigantic).* fl. blue, in ovate heads. July and 

 August. I., radical ones on long petioles, profoundly cordate, 

 crenate-toothed ; cauline ones stem-clasping, deeply lobed, ser- 

 rated ; leaves of involucre eight to nine, large, longer than the 

 heads of flowers. Stem dichotomously branched, 3ft. to 4ft. high. 

 Caucasus, 1820. Hardy. See Fig. 729. 



E. maritimum (sea). Sea Holly, fl. very pale blue, in roundish 

 heads. July to October. I. of a whitish-glaucous hue, coriaceous ; 

 radical ones on long petioles, roundish, cordate, spiny-toothed ; 

 superior ones stem-clasping, palmately lobed ; leaves of involucre 

 five to seven, ovate, exceeding the heads of flowers, h. 1ft. to 

 lift. Europe, &c. (Britain). (Sy. En. B. 569.) 



E. pandanifolium (Pandanus-leaved).* fl. purplish, in rather 

 small globose heads, with scarcely any involucre ; panicle very 

 large, dichotomous. I., radical ones 4ft.. to 6ft._long, very 

 glaucous, concave, acuminated ; mar; 

 Monte Video. Half-hardy. (G. C. n. 



E. panlonlatum (panicled). fl. greenish-white, with a small 



, . , 



glaucous, concave, acuminated ; margins spiny, h. 10ft. to 15ft. 

 , T. 76.) 



horizontal involucre, rather large. I. with parallel nerves, linear, 

 spiny-ciliated. Stem nearly naked, bearing at the apex umbellate 

 branches ; branches bearing one to three heads. A. 3ft. to 5ft. 

 Montevideo. Half-hardy. (G. C. n. s., v. 76.) 



FIG. 730. FLOWER OF ERYNGIUM PLANUM. 



E. planum (flat-leaved), fl. blue, in roundish heads. July and 



August. I., lower ones on long petioles, oval, cordate, undivided ; 



superior ones five-parted, serrated ; leaves of involucre six to 



eight, lanceolate, about equal to or exceeding the heads of flowers. 



h. 2ft. Eastern Europe, die., 1596. Hardy. See Fig. 730. 

 E. platyphyllum (broad-leaved). A synonym of E. terra. 

 E. serra (saw), fl. white, in small globose heads. Autumn. I., 



radical ones in a spreading rosette, 1ft. to 2ft. long, 4in. broad, 



nearly flat, varying from deeply pinnatifld to merely spinous on 



the margins, h. 4ft. to 6ft. Brazil, 1872. Half-hardy. SYN. 



E. platyphyllum. 

 E. yuccsefolium (Yucca-leaved). A synonym of E. aquaticum. 



ERYNGO. See Erynginm. 



ERYSIMTJM (Erysimon, the old Greek name of 

 Hippocrates, from eryo, to draw ; on account of its effects 

 in drawing blisters). Hedge Mustard. ORD. Cruciferce. 

 A genus of about seventy species of hardy annual, 

 biennial, or perennial hoary herbs, natives of temperate 

 and cold regions of the Northern hemisphere, usually 

 branched. Racemes elongated, terminal, many-flowered. 

 Leaves variable, usually oblong-linear, entire or toothed. 

 A few species only of this somewhat extensive genus 

 are worth growing ; and these exceptions are, for the 

 most part, very showy border plants, of extremely easy 

 cultivation in any ordinary garden soil. Increased by 

 seeds ; the perennials by seeds and divisions. 

 E. alpinom (alpine).* /. sulphur-yellow, sweet-scented. May. 



I. lanceolate, distantly toothed, covered with starry pubescence. 



Stem simple, straight, h. 6in. Norway, 1823. Perennial. SYN. 



Cheiranthus alpinus. 

 E. asperum (rough), fl., petals yellow, with white claws. July. 



I. linear-oblong; lower ones dentately-runcinate, pubescent, 



scabrous, and, as well as the stem, greyish, with forked, 



appressed hairs. h. Sin. North America, 1824. Biennial. 



(H. F. b. A. i. 22.) 

 E. Marschallianum (Marschall's). fl. bright yellow. July. 



I. lanceolate, narrowed at the base, toothed, h. 1ft. Caucasus. 



Biennial. 

 E. ochroleucum (yellowish-white).* fl. pale yellow, scarcely 



stented; petals obovate. April to July. Jl. oblong-lanceolate, 



somewhat toothed, covered with two-parted hairs, or smooth. 



Stems decumbent, branched. Alps of Jura, 1819. Perennial. 



Plant procumbent. SYS. Cheiranthus ochroleucus. 



Erysimum continued. 



E. o. helveticum (Swiss), fl. yellow; petals obovate. Spring. 

 toothed. 



I. linear-lanceolate, either entire or 

 ascendent, clothed with forked hairs, 

 Biennial. 



Stems somewhat 

 h. 1ft Khsetia, 1319. 



E. Perofskianum (Perofski's).* /. deep reddish-orange, h. 1ft. 

 Caucasus, 1838. Tnis is one of the showiest hardy annuals 

 grown ; it is admirably adapted for beds, borders, edgings, &c. ; 

 and thrives almost anywhere ; the seeds may be sown in Septem- 

 ber for a spring display. (B. M. 3757.) 



E. pulchellum (pretty). JL sulphur-yellow. Spring. A. 1ft. 

 1880. Perennial. A very pretty plant, differing from the 

 majority of this genus in being of remarkably compact growth, 

 and forming itself into a dense tuft of foliage. (B. H. 1880, 412. ) 



E. pumilum (dwarf).* /. pale sulphur, fragrant. Summer. I. 

 linear-lanceolate, somewhat toothed, greyish-green, h. lin. to 

 3in. Europe, 1823. An elegant little perennial rock-plant. 

 (L. B. C. 899.) 



ERYTHEA (a fanciful name : Erythea, in the 



mythology of the Greeks, was one of the Hesperides, 



daughters of Evening, or the West, "who dwelt on an 



island of the ocean, on the western edge of the world, 



and guarded a garden with golden apples"). ORD. 



Palmeae. A genus of two species of greenhouse palms, 



from Southern California. They are tall trees, with naked 



trunks, fan-shaped, plicate, filiferous leaves, and densely 



tomentose sheaths and inflorescence. Flowers solitary or 



in clusters, scattered along the numerous branches of 



the pendent panicle. The genus is very nearly allied to 



Livistona, of Australia and Eastern Asia, which differs 



in its distinct filaments, oblong fruit, with hard crus- 



taceous pericarp, the leaf segments entire or nearly so, 



not filiferous on the margins. For culture, see Areca. 



E. edulis (edible). A handsome species, with a slender trunk, 



30ft. high, and 15in. or more in diameter. Each tree bears one 



to four panicles, blossoming late in March ; the fruit clusters 



are said to weigh 401b. to 501b. Guadalupe Island. SYN. 



Brahea edulis. 



ERYTHRJEA (from erythros, red ; colour of flowers 

 of some species). Centaury. SYNS. Gyrandra and Hip- 

 pocentaurea. ORD. Gentianece. A genus of above thirty 

 species of small hardy or half-hardy annual, biennial, or 

 perennial plants. Flowers pink, yellow, or rarely white, 

 terminal, sessile, or pedicellate. Leaves sessile, opposite, 

 decussate ; radical ones rosulate. Erythraeas form elegant 

 little plants for rockwork, grown in a sandy loam soil. 

 Increased by seeds, or by divisions. 

 E. Centaurium (Centaury). fl. rose-coloured. I. ovate-lanceo- 



late. Stem dichotomously panicled, corymbose, h. 3in. to 12in. 



North Africa, Europe (Britain). Annual. This plant was 



formerly much employed by physicians as a vermifuge. 



(Sy. En. B. 909.) 



FIG. 731. FLOWERS OF ERYTHR^EA DIFFUSA. 



E. diffusa (diffuse).* /?. bright deep rose. I. fleshy, entire, 

 glabrous, shining, generally concave, h. 2in. to Sin. Western 

 Europe Perennial. A charming little rock plant. See Fig. 731. 



