AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



533 



t_ 



Erythrochiton continued. 



E. braziliensis (BrazUian). fl. large, in the axillae of the bract- 

 like leaves, two to four, or more, in a cluster, on short, brac- 

 teolate pedicels ; calyx red ; corolla white. July. I. alternate, 

 simple, stalked, lanceolate, very long, quite entire, smooth. Axil- 

 lary branches almost leafless, bearing the flowers at their ends. 

 h. 10ft. Brazil, 1842. (B. M. 4742.) 



E. hypophyllantlras (leaf-flowering), fl. white ; cymes short, 

 one to three-flowered, developed on the costa beneath. I. bold, 

 cuneate-oblong, 1ft. to Uft. long. Columbia, 1853. Habit 

 erect, unbranched. (B. M. 5824.) 



ERYTHROLJENA CONSPICUA, See Cnicus 

 conspicuus. 



ERYTHRONIUM (from erythroa, red, the colour 

 of the flowers in the European species; Erythronion is 

 the name given by Diosoorides to a kind of Orchis). 

 Dog's-tooth Violet. OED. Liliocece. A genus of seven 

 species of very ornamental dwarf, stemless, hardy, bulbous 

 plants, of which one species is dispersed through Europe, 

 Asiatic Russia to Japan, and the rest are North American. 

 Flowers on a scape, solitary, pendulous; perianth seg- 

 ments six, erect or reflexed. Leaves radical, ovate, or 

 ovate-lanceolate. They succeed in almost any light soil, 

 but prefer a mixture of loam and peat. Propagated by 

 offsets, which are produced freely when the plants do 

 well. The best time for obtaining them, or for replant- 

 ing, is immediately the leaves die away, after flowering. 

 Erythroniums have a better effect when planted in groups 

 than if placed in very small quantities separately; the 

 bulbs should be inserted about Sin. deep. If left un- 

 touched afterwards, an annual top-dressing of good soil 

 will be advantageous. Erythroniums succeed best in a 

 sheltered position on a rockery, but are also suitable for 

 the front line of mixed borders, or for shrubberies. They 

 may also be grown in pots, in a cold frame, for green- 

 house decoration when in flower. The flowers appear in 

 March and April, and are attractive outside at that early 

 season. 



E americanum (American).* fl. bright yellow, about lin. 

 ac^s; perianth segments spreading, oblong-lanceolate, obtuse 

 1. elliptical-lanceolate, recurved at top, dotted and marbled 

 with violet and white, h. 3in. to 6m. "North America. (B. M. 

 1113.) 



FIG. 735. ERYTHBONIUM 



- 



DBNS-CAWIS, Large White Variety. 



Erythronium continued. 



E. dens-canls,* Dog's-tooth Violet fl. purplish-rose or whitish, 

 about 2in. in diameter, solitary, drooping. I. blotched with 

 purple-brown and white, radical, stalked, broadly-oval, rounded 

 at the base, acuminated, h. 6in. Europe, 15%. (B. M. 5.) 

 There are several forms, varying in the colour of the flowers. 

 See Fig. 735. 



E. grandiflorum (large-flowered), fl. yellow or cream-colour, 

 with a more or less orange base, solitary or often in a raceme 

 of two to six or more ; segments lanceolate and somewhat acu- 

 minate, strongly recurved, lin. to 2in. long. L not mottled, 

 always closely approximate, oblong-lanceolate. Sin. to 6in. long, 

 with broad, usually short petioles. North-west America. (B. It 

 1786.) 



E. g. glgantenm (gigantic), fl. white, with a yellow and orange 

 base, large. 1. mottled. Washington Territory. (B. M. 5714.) 

 ERYTHROPHLCEUM (from erythroa, red, and 

 phlovoa, bark; referring to the red juice which flows 

 from the tree when cut). Bed-water Tree. OBD. Legu- 

 minoacB. A small genus, containing three or four species 

 of unarmed stove evergreen trees. Flowers small, almost 

 sessile, in long, cylindrical spikes, forming a terminal 

 panicle; petals five, small, slightly imbricate; stamens 

 ten, inserted with the petals, free. Leaves bipinnate. 

 For culture, see Acacia. 



E. gnlneense (Guinea), fl. pale yellow. I. bipinnate ; leaflets 

 opposite, oval, oblique, from roundish to lanceolate, repand, 

 acuminated and entire, h. 40ft. to 100ft. Sierra Leone, 1823. 

 The bark of this tree is very poisonous. 



E. Irfibouchem (Labouchere's). fl., spikes rather dense, nearly 

 sessile, lin. to 3in. long; petals longer than the calyx, with 

 woolly edges ; stamens more than twice as long as the petals, 

 inserted in two rows. I., pinnae opposite, in two or three pairs; 

 leaflets four to nine, alternate, obliquely obovate or orbicular, 

 very obtuse or retuse. Branches glabrous. North Australia. A 

 lofty, hard-wooded tree. 

 ERYTHRORCHIS. See Oaleola. 

 ERYTHROTIS BEDDOMEI. See Cyanotis 

 kewensis. 



ERYTHROXYLE2B. A tribe of Linen (which tee). 



ERYTHROXYLON (from erythros, red, and xylon, 



wood; some of the species have red wood). Including 



Sethia. ORD. Linece. A very widely-distributed gonna 



of about fifty species of stove or greenhouse evergreen 



trees, with small white or yellowish-green flowers, which 



arise' from the axils of the stipnlaceous scales. E. Coca 



thrives in fibry loam ; and cuttings of half-ripe shoots will 



root in sand, under a hand glass, in heat. 



E. Coca (Coca). JL greenish, small, three or four together, 



axilHrT I. alternate, lanceolate or oval, entire. A. 3ft to 6ft. 



1869 This is one of the most interesting species of the genus, 



and is extensively cultivated; its leaves are largely employed by 



the South Americans as a masticatory, under the name of Coca. 



Codai3so constitutes an article of commerce with the Indians. 



Greenhouse. (B. M. PL 40.) 



ESCALLONIA (named in honour of Escallon, a 

 Spanish traveller in South America, who found the 

 first species of this genus in New Grenada). Ord. Soxt- 

 frageai. A genus comprising about thirty-five speciea of 

 ornamental half-hardy evergreen shrubs, all natives of 

 South America. Flowers usually in terminal racemes or 

 panicles. Leaves scattered, serrated, or entire. These 

 fine plants grow freely in almost any ordinary well- 

 drained garden soiL For training against walls, few 

 shrubs are more suitable than E. floribunda and E. ma- 

 crantha. In the south of England, and on the sea coast 

 more especially, they flourish remarkably well, and are 

 own extensively as hedge or shelter plants Propaga- 

 tion may be effected by cuttings, made of ^alf-npen, 

 wood, inserted in sandy loam, and covered with a ha 

 light'; by .layers, or by suckers. 



vesBG&BX&SSSSSiSSti 

 62w3M3ft*K*st 



1827 SYN. E. montevidentu. (B. M. ow.) 



- "^JeAJ& i ^?BS 



>r oblong, obtuse, crenulated, attenuated at the base. 



macrantna (lar({e-flowered). JL crimson-red. rather large- 



