AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



Galium continued. 



exotic species) red, in axillary or terminal trichotomous 

 cymes or panicles, sometimes reduced to small clusters; 

 calyx completely combined with the ovary ; corolla rotate, 

 the tube scarcely perceptible, with four spreading lobes. 

 The annuals require to be sown in any ordinary border, 

 in March ; the perennials should be divided at the same 

 time. The genus is represented in the British flora 

 by eleven species, the flowers of one of which the golden- 

 yellow-flowered Lady's Bedstraw, G. verum are used 

 in some districts to curdle milk, hence one of its popular 

 names, Cheese Rennet. 



GAIiIiS. Excrescences of various kinds, produced by 

 the deposit of the eggs of insects in the bark or leaves 

 of plants. What is commonly known as the Oak Apple 

 is caused by a Gall Fly (Andricus terminalis). When cut 

 longitudinally, the Gall is seen to inclose a great number 

 of granules, each containing a minute larva. The Rose 

 Bedeguar, frequently seen on the Wild Rose, is the work 

 of another Gall Fly (Rhodites rosce). Cynips aptera, a 

 hymenopterous wingless fly, causes large roundish Galls 

 on the roots of the Oak, Eloi, Beech, and other trees. 

 Illustrations of the insect and the Galls it makes are 

 given in the " Gardeners' Chronicle," n. s., i. 19. 



GALPHIMIA (an anagram of Malpighia). ORD. 

 Malpighiacece. This genus comprises about a dozen 

 species of handsome stove evergreen shrubs, inhabitants 

 of tropical and sub-tropical North America and Brazil. 

 Flowers yellow or reddish, in terminal racemes. Leaves 

 opposite, small. Galphimias thrive in a compost of peat 

 and loam. Cuttings, made of the ripened wood, will root 

 in sand, under a bell glass, in heat. 

 G. glandulosa (glandular), fl. yellow ; petals oblong. April. 



I. oval-lanceolate, smooth ; petioles with two large glands at top. 



h. 3ft. to 4ft. Mexico, 1824. 

 Q. glauca (glaucous).* fl. yellow. I. ovate, obtuse, smooth, 



glaucous beneath, and with one tooth on each side at the base ; 



petioles without glands. Mexico, 1830. (B. H. 8, 45.) 

 G. hirsuta (hairy), fl. yellow. September. I. ovate, acute, on 



short footstalks, hairy on both surfaces, h. 6ft. Mexico, 1824. 



FIG. 74. GALTONIA CANDICANS, showing Habit and detached 

 Single Flower. 



GALTONIA (name commemorative of Francis Galton, 

 author of a "Narrative of an Explorer in South Africa"). 

 ORD. Liliacece. A genus of a couple of species of very 

 beautiful hardy bulbous plants, natives of South Africa. 

 They are admirably adapted for growing in clumps in 



Galtonia continued. 



borders, or for conservatory decoration. They prefer a 

 rich leaf mould, with a little sandy peat added. Pro- 

 pagated by offsets, or by seeds. 



G. candicans (white).* fl. pure white, large, fragrant, drooping, 

 funnel-shaped ; raceme about 1ft long, fifteen to twenty-flowered ; 

 scape (inclusive of raceme) erect, glaucous, about 4ft. long. 

 Summer. I. lorate-lanceolate, sub-erect, 2Jft long. Bulb large 

 round. SYN. Hyacinthus candicans. See Fig. 74. (R. H. 1882, 32.) 

 G. prlnceps (prince). This is closely allied to the foregoing, 

 but less ornamental,with broader and shorter racemes and smaller, 

 greenish flowers, with spreading segments. (Eef. B. 175.) 

 GAMOCHLAMYS. Included under Spathantlieum. 

 GAMOSEFALOUS. When the sepals are joined 

 together. 



GARCIANA. A synonym of Philydrum. 

 GARCINIA (named in honour of Laurence Garcin, 

 M.D., a French botanist and traveller in India, author 

 of numerous botanical memoirs). STNS. Cambogia, Man- 

 gostana, and Oxycarpus. OKD. Guttiferce. A genus 

 comprising about forty species of stove evergreen 

 fruit-bearing trees. Flowers usually solitary at the tops 

 of the branches. The fruit is very delicious and re- 

 freshing. Leaves coriaceous or rarely sub-membrana- 

 ceous. Garcinias thrive in a peat and loam compost. 

 Cuttings of ripened shoots will root, if inserted in sand, 

 under a glass, in strong bottom heat. The species here 

 described are, perhaps, the best known to cultivation. 

 G. Cambogia. Gamboge, fl. yellow, terminal, solitary. Novem- 

 ber, fr. about 2in. in diameter, drooping, on peduncles lin. in 

 length. I. elliptic, tapering to both ends, 5in. long. h. 40ft. 

 Branches spreading, opposite. East Indies, 1822. (B. F. S. 85.) 

 G. cornea (horny), fl. pale yellow, scentless, terminal. January 

 and February. Berry nearly round, the size of a medlar, 

 covered with a dark purple juiceless bark. I. opposite, oblong. 

 h. 20ft. East Indies, 1823. 



G. Cowa (Cowa). fl. yellow, terminal. February, fr. edible, 

 though not the most palatable. I. broad-lanceolate, h. 60ft. 

 Chittagong, 1822. A middle-sized handsome tree, yielding a 

 inferior kind of gamboge. 



G. Mangostana.* Mangosteen. /. red, resembling a single rose, 

 composed of four roundish petals, which are thick at the base, 

 but thinner towards the margins, terminal, solitary, fr. round, 

 about the size of a medium orange ; it is esteemed one of the 

 most delicious fruits in the world. I. elliptic-oblong, acuminated, 

 7in. or Sin. long. h. 20ft. Molucca Islands, 1789. (B. M. 4847.) 

 G. Morella (Morella). fl. yellowish ; panicles terminal and 

 lateral, fr. small, edible, in shape and size resembling the 

 Morello Cherry (whence the specific name). I. oblong-elliptic, 

 tapering to both ends. h. 30ft. to 50ft. Ceylon, Siam, East Indies, 

 fee. This plant yields the Ceylon gamboge of commerce. 

 (B. F. S. 87.) 



GARDEN. A Garden is usually understood to mean 

 a piece of land of any description or size, attached to, or 

 connected with, a residence, and set apart, either for the 

 purpose of growing vegetables and fruits for the supply 

 of the household, or for the cultivation of plants and 

 flowers for the embellishment of any part of the house 

 or the Garden itself. The results attending the culture 

 of vegetables and fruits are of the greatest national 

 importance, as representing a necessary source for sup- 

 plying wholesome food, which it would be impossible 

 to obtain unless care were bestowed in preparing the 

 land and cultivating the crops annually, according as each 

 may require. Flowers, and the plants specially grown 

 for producing them, have a universal charm, presenting 

 a means of endless study and enjoyment to all who 

 properly appreciate their worth. The value of making 

 a Garden of some description wherever practicable in 

 conjunction with every dwelling house, cannot be over- 

 estimated, as it invariably tends to promote health and 

 enjoyment. There is an extremely wide range in its 

 application, admitting unlimited arrangements according 

 to the amount of available space to be inclosed or the 

 requirements and taste of those persons who have to 

 incur the expense of preparing or keeping it up. In 

 large towns, the value of land precludes the possibility 

 of obtaining any more than a limited portion as Garden 

 ground, yet this should be utilised to the fullest extent 



