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THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



HEDYSCEFE (from hedys, sweet, and skepe, a 

 covering). ORD. Palmoe. A monotypic genus, the 

 species being a tall stove palm. For culture, see 

 Xentia. 



H. Canterburyana (Viscount Canterbury's).* fl., panicle branch- 

 ing into spreading spikes of about 6in., the rachis thick and 

 flexuose, the notches not immersed and not close ; male perianth, 

 outer segments narrow-lanceolate, about two lines, the inner ones 

 broader and striate ; female perianth, outer segments three lines 

 broad, and almost as long, inner ones ovate and rather shorter. 

 fr. ellipsoid, the pericarp hard when dry. I. long, pinnate, in a 

 dense head ; segments numerous, nearly equal, and acuminate. 

 h. 32ft. Lord Howe's Island. SYN. Kentia Canterburyana. See 

 Fig. 194. 



HEEL. The base of a young cutting, when removed 

 from the junction formed by its connection with the parent 

 plant. Many cuttings, especially those of a hard-wooded 

 nature, root better when inserted with Heels, that part of 

 the wood being just sufficiently solidified ; and, if removed 

 from the side of a branch, a larger surface is secured for 

 placing in contact with soil than when a horizontal cut 

 is made. 



HEELING-IN. The temporary insertion of cuttings, 

 or the roots of plants, in soil, to preserve them until their 

 permanent quarters are prepared. Heeling-in also applies 

 to crops that are lifted, and their roots temporarily covered 

 with soil in a cool situation, to prolong the season of 

 supply. 



HEERIA (named in honour of Oswald Heer, a cele- 

 brated Swiss botanist of the present century). STNS. 

 Heterocentron, Schizocentron. ORD. Melastomacece. A I 

 genus comprising about four species of erect or pros- I 

 trate, pilose or glabrous herbs and sub-shrubs, inhabit- j 

 ing the mountains of Mexico and Guatemala. Flowers 

 white or pink ; petals four, ovate or obovate, obtuse or 

 acuminate. Leaves cordate, lanceolate, or obovate-lanceo- 

 late, membranaceous. H. rosea, the only species yet 

 introduced, is a very rare but ornamental stove ever- 

 green shrub, which can be grown out of doors, in warm 

 localities, during part of the summer. It is a valuable 

 stove winter-flowering plant, and succeeds best in sandy 

 loam and peat. Cuttings of young shoots may be struck 

 in February and March. 



H. rosea (rosy), fl., panicle compound, terminal, spreading, com- 

 posed of the numerous flowering branches, each of which forms a 

 corymb of many bright rose-coloured flowers, nearly lin. in 

 diameter ; petals four, spreading, rhomboid-orbicular, a little 

 concave, shortly unguiculate. Autumn and early winter. I. 

 opposite, slightly scabrous above, elliptical, obtuse, entire, penni- 

 nerved, tapering at the base into a moderately long petiole. 

 A. 1ft or more. Mexico. Plant suffruticose. (B. M. 5166, under 

 name of Heterocentrum mexicanum.) 



HEIMIA. This genus is now included under Nessea 

 (which see). 



HEINSIA (named after the celebrated philologist, 

 Heinsius, who translated the writings of Theophrastus). 

 ORD. Rubiacece. A genus including three or four species 

 of evergreen shrubs, natives of tropical Africa. Flowers 

 white, largish, pedicellate, solitary, or disposed in three 

 to six-flowered terminal cymes. Leaves opposite, shortly 

 petiolate, oblong or elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate. H. 

 jasminiflora, the only species yet introduced, is a beau- 

 tiful, much-branched, unarmed, glabrous, stove shrub. 

 For culture, see Gardenia. 



H. Jasminiflora (Jasmine-flowered).* fl. white, salver-shaped, 

 numerous, three or four together at the tops of the branchlets, 

 pedicellate, somewhat racemose. February. I. opposite, oval- 

 oblong or ovate, acuminated, on short petioles, h. 5ft. to 8ft. 

 Sierra Leone, 1824. (B. M. 4207.) 



HEINTZIA. This genus is now included under 

 Alloplectus. 



HEISTERIA (named after Laurence Heister, 1683- 

 1758, Professor of Botany at Helmstadt). Partridge Pea; 

 Pois - Perdrix. SYN. Resioda. ORD. Olacineas. This 

 genus comprises about ten species of glabrous trees or 

 shrubs, one from Western tropical Africa and the rest 

 from tropical America. Flowers small, sessile or pedi- 



Heisteria continued. 



cellate, in the axils of the leaves. Leaves entire, coriaceous. 

 Probably the only species yet introduced is the one 

 described below. It is a stove evergreen tree, thriving 

 in a compost of loam, sand, and peat. Firm cuttings 

 will root in sand, in brisk bottom heat. 



H. coccinea (scarlet), fl. white, small, twin or numerous, 

 axillary ; calyx dark purple or scarlet. Winter. I. alternate, 

 entire, lanceolate, rounded at the base. h. 15ft. West Indies, 

 1822. 



HELCIA. Included under Trichopilia (which see). 



HELENIUM (Helenion, an old Greek name used by 

 Hippocrates, and probably derived from Helen of Troy). 

 ORD. Composites. A genus containing about eighteen 

 species of ornamental hardy herbaceous annuals or peren- 

 nials, inhabiting Central and North America. Receptacle 

 chaffy, between the ray-florets only ; pappus of five 

 bristles ; involucral bracts in one series, united at the 

 base ; ray-florets toothed at the apex. Leaves alternate, 

 often decurrent, entire or few-toothed. The species are 

 more or less strong-growing, and are, consequently, best 

 suited for the margins of shrubberies or the back of 

 herbaceous borders. In such situations, they may be 

 extensively grown, and the abundance of flowers which 

 they produce will prove valuable for decorative purposes. 

 Propagated by divisions, or by seed. 



H. autumnale (autumnal).* fl.-heads pure yellow, large, with 

 long four to five-cut ray-florets. Autumn. I. smooth, lanceolate, 

 Sin. to 4in. long, iin. broad, acute at both ends. Stem branching 

 at top. h. 4ft. to 6ft. North America, 1729. Perennial. A very 

 showy and elegant species. (B. M. 2994.) 



H. Hoopesii (Hoopes's). fl.-heads bright orange, about 2in. across ; 

 involucral segments long, narrow, acuminated. Summer. I. 

 lanceolate, acuminated, smooth, stem-clasping. Stem simple. 

 h. 2Jft. North America. Perennial. 



H. nudiflorum (naked-flowered), fl.-heads pure yellow, loosely 

 disposed, medium-sized, fragrant. Summer and autumn. I. alter- 

 nate, linear-lanceolate, h. 2ft. to Sift. South United States. 

 Perennial. II. n. atropurpureum (dark purple) is a variety with 

 purple ray-florets. 



H. quadridentatum (four-toothed), fl.-heads yellow ; disk- 

 florets four-toothed. May to October. I., lower ones pinnatifld ; 

 upper entire, smooth. Louisiana, 1790. Annual or biennial. 

 (B. R. 598.) 



HELIAMFHORA (from helios, the sun, and amphora, 

 a pitcher ; in reference to the circular ascidia). ORD. 

 Sarraceniaceoe. A monotypic genus. The species is a 

 greenhouse herbaceous perennial. Probably this plant 

 only yet exists in a single establishment in this country. 

 Most likely it requires similar treatment to Sarracenia 

 (which see). 



H. nutans (nodding), fl. white, or pale rose-coloured, nodding, 

 on an erect, few-flowered scape ; sepals five, rarely four, spreading. 

 I. radical, tubular, in the form of a pitcher with an oblique 

 mouth, lined with deflexed hairs, h. 1ft. to 2ft. Boraima, 

 1883. (T. L. S. xviii. 29.) 



HELIANTHEMUM (from helios, the sun, and anthe- 

 mon, a flower). Sun Rose. Including Fumana. ORD. 

 Gistinece. A genus of showy, hardy, annual or perennial 

 herbs or sub-shrubs, often prostrate. Nearly 150 forms 

 have been described as species ; but, according to Bentham 

 and Hooker, only about thirty are entitled to specific 

 rank. They are natives of North, Central, and South 

 America, and the Mediterranean region ; a few extend 

 to other parts of Europe and Western Asia, four species 

 being members of the British Flora. Racemes secund, 

 sometimes corymbose, sometimes paniculate ; and before 

 the flowers expand, the racemes at the top are bent or 

 twisted backwards, becoming gradually erect as the 

 flowers open. Leaves opposite and alternate. All the 

 species are of easy culture in a sandy-loam soil, and 

 are best adapted for banks and rockwork. The annual 

 species must be raised from seed. The perennials 

 may be similarly increased; but it is better to trust to 

 cuttings, which root readily in a sandy soil, if kept 

 shaded until established. The following is a selection 

 of the more important species and varieties. 



