132 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Helipternm continued. 



*nd useful subject for pot culture. Seeds of it should be 

 sown early in March, and placed in a warm house ; when 

 the young plants are large enough to handle, they should 

 be pricked off, about eight in a 5in. pot, and grown on 

 until they flower. This species may also be grown, with 

 others, in the open ground. 



HL canescens (hoary). This is the correct name of the plant 

 described in this work as Astelma canescens (which see). 

 (B. M. 420, under name of Xeranthnnum canescens.) 



H. Cotula (Cotula-flowered). fl.-heads yellow, or white with a 

 yellow eye; involucral scales radiating, scarious, oblong or ob- 

 long-lanceolate ; pappus hairs thickened upwards, very plumose ; 

 achenes smooth. May. I. scattered (opposite in very young, weak 

 plants), lin. long, filiform, terete. Stem terete, generally much 

 branched from the base, but sometimes single ; branches very 

 slender, h. 6in. to 24in. West Australia. Annual. (B. M. 5604.) 



H. gnaphalioides (Gnaphalium-like). fl.-heads, peduncles ter- 

 minal, 2in. to Sin. long, cottony ; involucre broadly cylindrical, of 

 several imbricated reddisli scales, cottony ; receptacle faveolated ; 

 florets yellow, tubular, perfectly ttve-toothed. June. I. alternate, 

 2in. long, linear, almost filiform, waved, semi-cylindrical on the 

 back, grooved in front, downy. Stems decumbent at base, 

 throwing up numerous erect, downy branches, h. 1ft. to lift. Cape 

 of Good Hope, 1824. Perennial. (B. M. 2710, under name of 

 Giiaphalium modestum.) 



FIG. 210. HELIPTERUM HUMBOLDTIA.NUM, showing Habit and 

 detached ' " 



H. Humboldtianum (Humboldt's).* fl.-heads small, numerous, 

 in dense terminal corymbs ; involucre cylindrical ; outer bracts 

 closely imbricate, with very short, squarrose, scarious tips ; inner 

 ones with slightly woolly-ciliate claws, and radiating, rather rigid, 

 petal-like laminae, of a bright yellow, passing (when dry) into a 

 metallic green. I. linear or linear-lanceolate, acute, h. 1ft. to 2ft. 

 Western Australia, 1863. An erect woolly-white or at length 

 nearly glabrous annual. See Fig. 210. SYN. H. Sandfordii (under 

 which name it is figured in B. M. 5350). 



. .(white), fl.-heads large; involucral bracts yellow, 



pink, or white ; peduncles leafless. I. linear, crowded at the base 

 of the stem. h. 9in. Australia. Plant dwarf, tufted, branching, 

 downy. Half-hardy annual. (B. M. 2881.) 



H. Mangles!! (Mangles').* /L-heads showy, on long peduncles 

 bearing a few scarious scales; involucre hemispherical, when 

 fully out the outer bracts sessile and scarious, the inner ones 

 with a narrow claw and oblong, radiating, petal-like lamina, 

 varying from a pale to a rich pink, and sometimes deep purple at 

 the base ; florets yellow or purple. I. ovate-oblong or broadly- 

 lanceolate, clasping the stem with rounded auricles, h. 1ft to 

 lift. Western Australia. An erect, glabrous, corymbosely 

 branched annual (B. M. 3483, 5283, 5290 ; B. R. 1703; SB. V.O. 

 ser. ii. 295, under name of Rhodanthc Manylegii.) 



H. Sandfordii (Sandford's). A synonym of //. Uumboldtianum. 



H. speciosissimum (very showy). This is the correct name of 

 the plant described in this work as Astelma speciosissimum 

 which see). (A. B. R. 51, under name of Xeranthemuin gpetiosum.) 



HELLEBORE. See Helleborus. 

 HELLEBORINE. See Epipactis and Serapias 

 HELLEBORUS (from Helleboros, the old Greek name 

 used by Theophrastus ; probably of foreign origin). Hello- 



Helleborus continued. 



bore. OBD. Ranunculaceae. A genus comprising about 

 a dozen species of ornamental hardy, erect, perennial 

 herbs, inhabiting South Europe and Western Asia. Flowers 

 white, greenish, yellow or purple, rather large, solitary, or 

 paniculate ; sepals five, regular, usually persistent ; petals 

 small, tubular. Leaves palmate or pedate, leathery. 

 Hellebores thrive in almost any ordinary garden soil, but 

 a rich loam, with a moist, rather shady, perfectly drained 

 situation, suits them best. A top-dressing of good rotten 

 manure, about the end of March, after the plants have 

 finished flowering, is very beneficial. Hellebores should 

 be planted so that they may be conveniently shaded 

 when in flower, as, being usually produced in winter and 

 early spring, the blossoms the white sorts especially 

 are damaged with mud splashes. H. niger and its varie- 

 ties, popularly known as Christmas Roses, are largely 

 cultivated for the use of their flowers, in a cut state, in 

 mid-winter. The roots may be lifted, and placed in a 

 gentle heat, under glass ; but they should not be forced 

 much. The flowers will be better, if only the protection 

 of a frame or hand glass is afforded them, in the open 

 ground ; or they may be improved by cutting, and allow- 

 ing them to expand in water, in a warm house. All are 

 easily increased by root divisions, but the stock should 

 be strong and healthy. Seeds may also be sown so soon 

 as ripe ; but this mode of propagation is very slow, and 

 scarcely worth the trouble involved, unless new varie- 

 ties are desired. 



H. abchasicus (Abchasian). fl. green or purplish, nutant, about 

 2in. across ; sepals oval, waved, not overlapping each other ; 

 petals numerous ; anthers yellow. January to March /. about 

 1ft. in diameter, with five to seven spathulate-lauceolate, widely 

 spreading, smooth, toothed leaflets. A. 1ft. Caucasus. Ever- 

 green. 



H. atrorubens (dark-red), fl. deep purple when 

 ly dull purple ; se 



the edges and centre ultimately dull purple ; sepals roundish, 

 about lin. long. March. I., radical ones pedate ; cauline ones 

 almost sessile, palmate. Stems branched, two to four-flowered. 

 A. 18in. South Europe, 1820. (B. M. 4581.) 



H. Caucasians (Caucasian), fl. pale green ; sepals much im- 

 bricated, about IJin. long. I. very glossy, oblong, Sin. to 4in. 

 broad, h. lift. Caucasus, 1853. 



FIG. 211. HELLEBORUS CAUCASICUS PUXCTATUS, showing 

 Habit and detached Single Flower. 



H. c. punctatus (dotted). A garden hybrid, with rosy-coloured 

 dotted sepals. See Fig. 211. 



H. colchicus (Colchican). fl. deep bright purple ; sepals some- 

 what round and flat, much imbricated ; stamens yellow. January 

 to March. I. very large, peilate, dentate, distinctly veined. Stems 

 three to six-flowered, h. 18in. Asia Minor. (B. G. 293.) 



H. fcetidus (fetid). Bear's Foot. fl. green, nearly lin. across, 

 disposed in paiiided cymes ; sepals edged with brown, which 

 turns to a purplish tint. December to April. I. alternate, 

 persistent, dull green, small, pedate ; segments linear, shallowly 



