AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



143 



Hibiscus continued. 



H. r.-s. miniatus semi-plenus (half-double vermilion), fl. ver- 

 milion-scarlet, semi-double; petals very much waved and recurved, 

 forming an irregular undulated mass 4in. across. I. leathery, 

 ovate, coarsely toothed. 



H. r.-s. vivicans (lively). /. brilliant crimson-scarlet, 4in. to 

 5in. in diameter, the centre being completely filled up with 

 broad, convolute petaloid processes. 



H. r.-s. zebrinus (/.ebra-striped). fl. about SJin. in diameter, and 

 2iin. deep, double; the five outer petals scarlet, edged with 

 creamy-yellow in the lower part ; staminal column entirely 

 petaloid, with numerous irregular tufts at the apex, of a creamy- 

 yellow colour, variously and irregularly striped and flaked with 

 scarlet. The flowers are very irregular and grotesque in form. 



B. roseus (rosy). A. rose-coloured, large, axillary, solitary. I. 

 large, broadly oval-acuminate, covered with white tomentum 

 beneath. /;. 3ft. Naturalised in marshy spots in France and else- 

 where. Probably of New World origin. Hardy. See Fig. 227. 



H. schizopetalus (cut-petaled).* fl. brilliant orange-red, pendu- 

 lous, on slender peduncles ; petals deeply cut or laciniated ; the 

 united filaments of the stamens closely surround the style, and 

 the latter projects about 2in. beyond the corolla. A remarkable 

 stove species. (B. M. 6524.) 



H. speciosus (showy). A synonym of H. coccineus. 



H. splendens (splendid). /. rose-coloured, very large ; pedicels 

 as long as the petioles ; calyx lin. long, deeply divided, densely 

 tomentose or hispid. May. I. on long petioles, broadly ovate- 

 cordate, or palmately three or five-lobed, often 6in. or 7in. long ; 

 lobes oblong-acuminate or lanceolate, often narrowed at base. 

 h. 12ft. to 20ft Australia, 1828. A beautiful, densely tomentose 

 greenhouse shrub ; branches and petioles bristly or prickly. 

 (B. M. 3025 ; B. R. 1629.) 



FIG. 22a FLOWERING BRANCH OF HIBISCUS SYRIACUS. 



H. syriacus (Syrian).* fl. varying much in colouration, large, 

 single or double ; pedicels hardly longer than the leaves ; 

 involucre six or seven-leaved. August. I. alternate, ovate, 

 wedge-shaped, three-lobed, toothed, h. 6ft. Syria, 1596. Hardy 

 deciduous shrub. See Fig. 228. SYN. Althaea frutex. The fol- 

 lowing are the most approved varieties : ALBO-LUTEOLUS PLENUS, 

 ALBO-PLENUS, AMARA.NTHUS, AMPLISSIMUS, ANEMON.EFLORUS, 

 ARDE.NS, BICOLOR HYBRIDUS, CARNEO-PLEXUS, CCELESTIS, C<ERU- 

 LEUS PLENUS, DUC DE BRABANT, DUCHESSE DE BRABANT, ELE- 

 GANTISSIMUS, FASTUOSUS, LEOPOLDII, MONSTROSUS, POMPON 

 ROUGE, PUNICEUS PLENUS PURPUREUS VARIEGATUS, RANUNCULI- 

 FLORUS, ROSEUS PLENUS, RUBRUS PLENUS, SPECIOSUS RUBRUS, 

 TOTUS ALBUS, VlOLACEUS ATROPURPUREUS FLORE-PLENISSIMO, 



VlOLACEUS VARIEGATUS, VIOLET CLAIR (doublfi). 



H. Trionum (Trionum). Bladder Ketmia. fl. yellow, with a purple 

 centre. Summer. I. cordate, palmately lobed ; lobes linear. 

 h. 2ft. Africa. Hardy annual. See Fig. 229. SYN. H. africanus. 



Hibiscus continued. 



FIG. 229. FLOWERING BRANCH OF HIBISCUS TRIONUM. 



Varieties. The varieties of H. rosa-sinensis and 

 H. syriacus axe very beautiful, especially those of the 

 former. For this reason, only a few .of the typical 

 species are seen in our gardens, and these are much 

 inferior to the varieties. 



HICKORY. See Carya. 



HIERACIUM (the Greek name used by Dioscorides 

 for another plant, from hierass, a hawk ; application doubt- 

 ful). Hawkweed. ORD. Composites. A genus, comprising 

 about 150 species of hardy perennial herbs, from 

 Europe, North Asia, and a few from America, very nearly 

 allied to Crepis. Flower-heads yellow, or rarely orange- 

 red; involucre more or less imbricated. Leaves entire 

 or toothed. Comparatively few of the species of this 

 extensive genus are worth growing. These are of very 

 easy culture in any ordinary garden soil. Some of the 

 British ones do well on old walls, and in such positions 

 are very ornamental. Propagated by divisions, in spring ; 

 or by seeds. 



H. aurantiacnm (orange). *fl.-heads orange-red ; corymb eight to 

 ten-flowered ; involucre covered with long hairs. June and July. 

 I. elliptical, acute, entire. Stem often bearing one or two leaves 

 at the bottom, hairy, h. 1ft. to lift. Scandinavia to the Pyrenees 

 (naturalised in North of England and Scotland). (Sy. En. B. 823.) 



H. Pilosella (mouse-ear), fl. -heads lemon-coloured, often tinged 

 with red on the outside ; involucres and upper part of peduncle 

 more or less clothed with minute and close whitish down, mixed 

 with short, stiff, spreading black hairs. I. oblong or lanceolate, 

 entire, tapering at the base, and often stalked. Europe (Britain), 

 North and West Asia, North Africa. (Sy. En. B. 822.) 



HIEROCHLOE (from Ideros, sacred, and chloa, grass; 

 in the North of Europe, these grasses are strewn before 

 church doors, on saints' days). Holy Grass. STNS. Dis- 

 arrenum, Savastana, Torresia. ORD. Graminece. A 

 genus of about eight species of sweet-scented hardy pe- 

 rennial grasses, inhabiting the colder regions of both 

 Northern and Southern hemispheres. Spikelets three- 

 flowered, open-panicled ; flowers all with two paleas; 

 glumes equalling or exceeding the spikelet, scarious. 

 Hierochloes grow freely in damp spots, in any ordinary 

 garden soil. Propagated by seeds, which are abundantly 

 produced. 



H. alpina (alpine), fl., panicle contracted, lin. to 2in. long ; one 

 of the staminate flowers barely pointed, or short-awned near the 

 tip, the other long-awned from below the middle. July. I., lower 

 ones very narrow, h. 1ft. Northern hemisphere (on alpine moun- 

 tain tops), 1827. 



H. borealis (Northern). /., spikelets chestnut-colour ; staminate 



" " J e d 

 palea mucroriate or bristle-pointed at or near the tip ; panicle 



flowers strongly hairy-fringed on the margins, with the lower 

 palea mucronate or bristle-pointed at or near the tip ; panicle 

 somewhat one-sided, pyramidal, 2in. to 5in. long; peduncles 

 smooth. May. I. short, lanceolate. Culm 1ft. to 2ft. high. 

 Rootstock creeping. Northern hemisphere (Caithness). 



