AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



155 



H o v e a continued. 



H. longifolia (long-leaved), fl. very shortly pedicellate, in axil- 

 lary clusters, which sometimes grow out into interrupted spikes 

 or racemes, or rarely solitary. July. I. oblong-lanceolate or 

 linear, obtuse, with or without a small callous point, all under 

 |in. long in some varieties, in others all above 2in., thickly 

 coriaceous, with flat recurved or revolute margins, h. 8ft. to 10ft. 

 1805. The following forms, usually considered as distinct species, 

 are, according to Bentham, merely varieties of above : lanceolata 

 (H. lanceolata, B. M. 1624 ; //. purpurea, L. B. C. 1457) ; normal 

 (H. longifolia, B. R. 614; H. racemulosa, B. R. 1843, 4); and 

 pannosa (H. pannosa, B. M. 3053 ; H. purpurea, B. R. 1423). 



H. pungens (stinging).* /. blue, one to three together on short 

 pedicels. I. linear or lanceolate, Mn. to lin. long, very spreading, 

 rigidly coriaceous, with pungent points ; margins much revolute. 

 h. 1ft. to 2ft. 1837. (P. M. B. vi. 101, x. 51.) 

 HOVENIA (named after David Hoven, a senator of 



Amsterdam). ORD. Rhamnece. A. monotypic genus, the 



species being an ornamental greenhouse or half-hardy 



evergreen shrub, which thrives well in a sandy-loam soil. 



Ripened cuttings will root in sand, under a hand glass. 



The Hovenia proves hardy in the more southern parts 



of this country, if slightly protected in winter. 



H. dulcis (sweet), fl. white, small, in axillary and terminal di- 

 chotomous panicles ; peduncles sub-cylindrical, reflexed, smooth, 

 lin. long, thickening after flowering, containing a sweet red pulp. 

 Summer. 1. alternate, broad, cordate, serrated, h. 8ft. China, 

 Japan, and the Himalayas, 1812. The plant from the Himalayas 

 is frequently called H. incequalis. (B. M. 2360.) 

 HOW AUDI A. A synonym of Pogonopus (which see). 

 HOWEA (from Lord Howe's Island, where only the 



genus is found). Sometimes spelt Howiea. STN. Grise- 



bachia. ORD. Palmece. A genus comprising two species 



of stove palms. For culture, see Kentia. 



H. Belmoreana (Belmore's).* Curly Palm, fl., inflorescence of 

 long and thick, simple, nodding or pendulous spikes ; rachis with a 

 triple spire of deeply-excavated notches, closely crowded, with 

 raised margins, fr. oblong or ellipsoid, lin. to IJin. long ; the 

 pericarp hard in the dried state. I. 6ft. to 8ft. long, with 

 numerous acuminate segments. Stems attaining 35ft. in height. 

 SYNS. Grisebachia Belmoreana, Kentia Belmoreana. 



H. Forsteriana (Forster's).* Flat or Thatch Leaf Palm. This 

 closely resembles above in the male flowers and fruits ; but the 

 leaf segments are said to be always hanging, whilst in H. Bel- 

 moreana they are converged upwards. SYN. Kentia Forsteriana. 



HOYA (named after Thomas Hoy, once gardener to 

 the Duke of Northumberland, at Sion House). Honey 

 Plant ; Wax Flower. Including Centrostemma, Cyrtoceras, 

 Otostemma, and Pterostelma. SYNS. Schollia, Sperlingia. 

 ORD. AsclepiadecB. A genus comprising about fifty 

 species of very ornamental stove scandent or decumbent 

 shrubs, natives of Western Asia, tropical and sub-tropical 

 Australia, but found in the greatest abundance in the 

 Malayan Archipelago. Flowers medium or large, rarely 

 small; corolla rotate. Leaves opposite, fleshy or coriaceous. 

 Hoyas are very interesting and beautiful plants, producing 

 handsome wax-like flowers. Most of them succeed better 

 in an intermediate temperature than where it is very hot. 

 They are not so well adapted for training on rafters, or 

 any dry surface, as on a wall, or in a position where 

 more moisture is present, such as that of a warm green- 

 house or stove. H. carnosa is a fine species, and the one 

 most frequently grown. It sometimes becomes attached 

 to a wall, like Ivy, and grows freely when planted out 

 at the base. H. bella and if. Paxtoni are slender-growing 

 plants, requiring a little more heat. They are well adapted 

 for culture in hanging baskets, or over pieces of dead 

 tree fern, placed in the middle of pans. Propagation 

 is generally effected by cuttings, or by layers. H. bella, 

 however, succeeds best when grafted on a stronger-grow- 

 ing sort than it does on its own roots. Cuttings should 

 be taken in spring, or later in the year, from shoots 

 of the preceding summer's growth, inserted in soil com- 

 posed of peat and sand, and plunged in bottom heat, 

 inside a frame or under a bell glass. A slight shade 

 and careful watering will be necessary. When rooted, 

 shift into larger pots, using soil of a similar descrip- 

 tion, and stop the points of the shoots when growth 

 is resumed. For propagation by layering, good-sized 

 pieces should have a few of their leaves removed, 



Hoya continued. 



and be layered in pots of soil until rooted. The 

 plants may afterwards be grown on and repotted, ac- 

 cording to their strength, in various-sized pots, or any 

 of the strong-growing species may be planted out in 

 rather rough peaty soil, care being taken to render the 

 drainage efficient. Hoyas do not require much shade, 

 nor an atmosphere too closely confined. They should 

 be allowed to rest in winter, by keeping rather drier and 

 in a lower temperature. The flower stalks should not 

 be cut off, as the flowers of the next year are produced 

 on them, as well as on the young wood, when it is 

 growing well. Sometimes, when plants attach themselves 

 to a moist wall, they do well even if the roots in the 

 soil die away. The species described below are climbers, 

 except where otherwise stated. 



H. australis (Southern).* fl. white, tinged with pink, with a 

 Honeysuckle-like scent ; disposed in deflexed umbels. October. 

 I. obovate or sub-orbicular, coriaceous, deep green. Queensland 

 and New South Wales, 1863. (B. M. 5820.) 



H. bella (beautiful).* fl. waxy-white, with a rosy-crimson centre ; 

 umbels many-flowered. I. small, opposite, dark green on the 

 upper side. h. lift. India, 1847. (B. M. 4402.) H. Paxtoni 

 closely resembles this in habit and appearance, but has less 

 fleshy, more acuminate, and lighter green leaves, and pure white 

 flowers with pink centres. Both species are of a dwarf, shrubby, 

 slender habit, forming a drooping mass. 

 H. campanulata. See Physostelma Wallichii. 



FIG. 243. FLOWERING STEM OF HOYA CARNOSA. 



H. carnosa (fleshy).* Wax Flower. /. pinkish-white ; corolla 

 fleshy, bearded inside ; umbels pendulous, on short peduncles ; 

 pedicels pubescent. Summer. I. fleshy, oval-oblong, acuminated. 

 Queensland, 1802. See Fig. 243. (B. M. 788, under name of 

 Asclepias carnosa). There is a form of this species with varie- 

 gated leaves. See Fig. 244. 



H. cinnamomifolia (Cinnamon-leaved).* fl. large ; corolla pale 

 yellow-green ; rotate segments broadly-ovate, acute ; leaflets of 

 the stamiual crown deep purple blood-colour, ovate, acute, thick, 

 fleshy. July. I. opposite, on short, very thick petioles, large, 

 ovate, slightly peltate, acuminate, thick; three central nerves 

 very conspicuous. Stem long, branched, twining, h. 10ft. Java, 

 1847. (B. M. 4347.) 



H. coriacea (leathery). /. brownish-yellow, produced in large 

 umbels. Summer. I. ovate-acute, coriaceous, dark green. 

 Manilla, 1838. (B. M. 4518.) 



H. coronaria (crowned), ft. yellow. November. I. oval, acute, 

 with recurved edges, coriaceous, villous beneath. Java, 1856. 

 (B. M. 4969.) 



