AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



175 



Hex continued. 



I. dipyrcna (two-seeded).* fl. small, sessile, disposed in axillary 

 fascicles. April and May. Berries dark brown, two-seeded. 

 I. elliptical-oblong, mucronate, on short stalks, even, hardly wavy, 

 remotely spiny-serrated. Branchlets angular, h. 12ft. North 

 India, 1840. See Fig. 272. (B. F. F. 15.) 



I. glabra (smooth). Inkberry. Jl., peduncles of the sterile 

 flowers three to six-flowered, of the fertile ones one-flowered ; 

 calyx teeth rather blunt. June. I. wedge-lanceolate or oblong, 

 sparingly toothed towards the apex, smooth, h. 2ft. to 3ft. 

 North America, 1759. Shrub. SYX. Prinos qlaber. (L. B. C. 

 450.) 



X. Gongonha (Gongonha). /. pentandrous, with entire stigma. 

 I. elliptic, mucronate, spiny-toothed, rounded at base. h. 30ft. 

 Brazil. This species is employed as tea in its native country. 



X. Izevlgata (smooth). Jl. six-cleft. June. I. lanceolate or 

 oblong-lanceolate, pointed at both ends, appressed -serrulate, 

 shining above, mostly glabrous beneath, h. 4ft. North America 

 Shrub. SYX. Prinos laevigatus. (W. B. B. i. 28.) 



L latifolia (broad-leaved).* /., pedicels aggregate, longer than 

 the petiole, and rising above the axils of the leaves. I. ovate, 

 bluntish, serrated, shining above, with revolute edges, h. 20ft. 

 Japan, 1840. (B. M. 5597.) 



I. mollis (soft), fl., sterile ones very numerous, in umbel-like 

 clusters, the pedicels shorter than the petiole, and (with the 

 calyx) soft-downy; the fertile peduncles very short. I. soft, 

 downy beneath, oval, ovate, or oblong, taper-pointed at both 

 ends, especially at the apex, thin-membranaceous, sharply ser- 

 rulate. North America. Shrub. SYX. Prinos dubius. 



I. monticola (mountain). Jl., fertile ones very short-peduncled ; 

 calyx ciliate. May. I. ovate or lance-oblong, ample, taper- 

 pointed, thiu-membranaceous, smooth, sharply serrate. North 

 America, Shrub. 



X. opaca (shady).* American Holly. Jl. in loose clusters along 

 the base of the young branches and in the axils; calyx 

 teeth acute. May and June. I. oval, flat ; the wavy margins 

 furnished with scattered spiny teeth, h. 20ft. to 40ft. United 

 States, 1744. (W. B. B. i. 3.) 



I. paraguariensis (Paraguay). Brazilian Tea; Caa-Cuys; 

 Caa-Mini ; Caa-Quazu ; Paraguay Tea. fl., peduncles axillary; 

 many-parted. I. obovate, oblong, bluntish, remotely serrated. 

 A. 15ft. Paraguay, 1823. A greenhouse evergreen tree. The 

 dried leaves of this species furnish the Yerba de Mate", or 

 Paraguay Tea, of which enormous quantities are consumed in 

 South America. (B. M. 3992.) 



X. platyphylla (broad-leaved), fl., corolla lobes concave, 

 obovate; stamens shorter than the lobes; pedicels with two 

 small bracts below the middle, thickened upwards ; cyme many- 

 flowered, longer than the thickened petioles. May. I. ex- 

 tremely variable in size and shape, generally broadly ovate, ap- 

 proaching orbicular, thick, coriaceous, quite entire, h. 20ft. 

 Canary Islands, 1844. A hardy evergreen, pyramidal tree. (B. M. 

 4079.) 



X. vertieillata (whorled). Black Alder ; Winterberry. fl. all 

 very shortly peduncled. May and June. I. obovate, oval, or 

 wedge-lanceolate, pointed, acute at the base, serrate, downy on 

 the veins beneath, h. 6ft. North America, 1736. Shrub. SYN. 

 Prinos verticillatus. (W. B. B. i. 30.) 



VARIETIES. The varieties of I. Aquifolium are ex- 

 tremely varied in character, marking, and form. Those 

 enumerated below are the most serviceable and gene- 

 rally grown. For most of the descriptions, we are 

 indebted to Mr. T. Moore's synopsis, which appeared 

 in the " Gardeners' Chronicle." The list is here divided 

 into two sections. 



I. Green-leaved Varieties. 



I. A. balearica (Balearic).* Jl., umbels axillary, few-flowered, 

 short. May to July. I. ovate, acute, shining, flat, entire or 

 spiny-toothed, h. 10ft. Minorca, 1815. 



Hex continued. 



FIG. 274. LEAF OF ILEX AQUIFOLIUM CRASSIFOLIA. 



I. A. crassifolia (thick-Ieaved). I. dull green, very thick, with 

 recurved tips and margins, furnished with prominent saw-like 

 teeth. A slow-growing, dwarf, bushy variety, with purple bark. 

 See Fig. 274. 



FIG. 275. LEAF OF ILEX AQUIFOLIUM DONINGTONENSIS. 



I. A. Doningtonensis (Donington's). I. lanceolate, sometimes 

 turned to one side, so as to become sickle-shaped, about 2in. long 

 and fin. broad ; margin having a few, or sometimes no spines. 

 A distinct variety, of free pyramidal growth. See Fig. 275. 

 (O. C. n. s., ii. 687.) 



FIG. 276. LEAF OF ILEX AQUIFOLIUM FEROX. 



L A. ferox (fierce). Hedgehog Holly. I. ovate-oblong or narrowly- 

 ovate, 2in. or more long, much acuminate, with strongly-developed 

 divaricate marginal spines. The convex spiny surface of the dark 

 green leaves is its chief characteristic. Bark purple. See Fig. 276. 



L A. Foxii (Fox's). I. ovate, stoutish, 2in. to 2in. long, with 

 rather distant, regular, plane, freely-developed spines. A small- 

 growing form. (G. C. n. s., ii. 751.> 



FIG. 273. LEAF OF ILEX AQUIFOLIUM BESSONI. 



I. A. Bessoni (Besson's). I. obovate-lanceolate, quite spineless, 



less rigid in texture and lighter green in colour than most other 



varieties. See Fig. 273. 

 I. A. costata (ribbed). Grecian Holly. I. oblong-acute, 2Mn. long, 



IJin. broad, furnished with slightly divaricate somewhat distant 



spines. Distinct and free-growing. 



FIG. 277. LEAF OF ILEX AQUIFOLIUM HENDERSONI. 



X. A. hastata(halbert-shaped).* I. from fin. to IJin. long, about *in. 

 broad ; spines large, very prominent, consisting usually of one or 

 two pairs on each side at the base, but occasionally more, the 



